I, compose the 5000 years of China

Chapter 330 The Survivor of Fen VI... (Subscribe)
Speaking of the contending schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, which one was the most popular and powerful at the time?
Not Confucianism.

Nor is it Taoism.

Not even the Mohists.

But Legalists.

Yes.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, almost every representative of the Legalists changed a country, or even an era.

Li Kui of Wei State is.

South Korea's Shen Bohu is.

Then there is Shang Yang, who went to Qin to make contributions.

of course.

There are also Han Feizi and Li Si who came from the Legalists.

As for the earlier one, Guan Zhong was also a representative of the Legalists.

Even Wu Qi, he is also a representative of Legalism.

It's just because the Wei Wuzu led by Wu Qi is too powerful, many people regard him as a military strategist.

But actually.

Wu Qi is well versed in military strategists, Confucianism, Legalism... a sage who has gathered countless talents and learned in one body.

It can be said.

It is precisely because of their appearance that certain countries become prosperous and powerful.

And Qin, also because of Shang Yang, had the foundation to unify the world.

"Gongsun Yang was originally from the state of Wei. Later, he went to the state of Wei and went to the sect of Gongsun Cuo, the minister of Wei State. When Gongsun Cuo was old and seriously ill, he recommended Gongsun Yang to King Hui of Wei. He said that Gongsun Yang was young and talented. You can hand over Wei Guo to Gongsun Yang for management. And say, if you don’t reuse Gongsun Yang, then you should kill Gongsun Yang. Otherwise, Gongsun Yang will be taken by other countries, which will be a huge threat to Wei Guo.”

"It's just a pity that King Wei Hui felt that Gongsun Cuo's words were too unbelievable, so he didn't adopt Gongsun Cuo's words. In addition, the Wei State was very powerful at that time and had a lot of talents, so he didn't reuse Gongsun Yang. Later, Gongsun Cuo treated Gongsun Cuo Martingale said, leave the state of Wei quickly, or the king of Wei will kill you. But Gongsun Yang shook his head and said, since the king of Wei doesn't use him, he won't kill him. So he didn't leave the state of Wei until, After Gongsun Cuo passed away, Gongsun Yang was still not reused. When he became discouraged, Qin Xiaogong of Qin State issued an order to recruit talents, so he came to Qin State from Wei State."

"Gongsun Yang admired Li Kui's reforms in Wei State very much, so when he went to Qin State, the only thing Gongsun Yang brought with him was Li Kui's "Fa Jing". Moreover, he asked someone to find a relationship to meet the King of Qin. At first, Gongsun Yang Martingale explained the way of kingship and emperor to Qin Xiaogong, and Qin Xiaogong dozed off. Later, Gongsun Yang stopped talking about kingship and emperor domination, but talked about hegemony with Qin Xiaogong. All of a sudden, Qin Xiaogong came to his spirits. After that For a period of time, Gongsun Yang explained to Qin Xiaogong the way to make the country rich and the people strong, so far, Qin Xiaogong knew that Gongsun Yang was a talent, and began to reuse him."

Qin Xiaogong is the son of Qin Xiangong.

Unlike his father.

Qin Xiangong adopted a strong strategy with Wei.

Although such a strategy did prevent Wei Guo from finding too much advantage in Qin State.

But after Qin Xiaogong succeeded to the throne, he clearly knew the national strength of Qin.

He understands.

Continuing to fight against Wei Guo, with the strength of Qin State, it can only be finished.

He had been fighting with Wei Guo before, and it was all a slap in the face to pretend to be fat.

and so.

He desperately needs someone like Li Kui of Wei State to carry out internal reforms and make the country strong.

Gongsun Yang at this time was such a character.

"Subsequently, Qin Xiaogong adopted Gongsun Yang's strategy and began to reform the law in Qin State. In the early stage of the reform, he basically followed Li Kui's reform in Wei State. Even the legal stripes were based on the "Fa Jing". However, as the reforms continued to advance, Gongsun Yang carried out more in-depth reforms on the reforms."

"This reform continued Li Kui's suppression of nobles and abolished the hereditary system. Gongsun Yang also carried out substantial reforms in the military. He promulgated the twentieth rank in the military. , then you can receive the title according to such rules. And what is obtained by military exploits, that is by killing people. As long as you get the head of one enemy on the battlefield, you can get a first-level knight, Tian Yiqing, Zhai Yi At the same place as the servant. Killing two people will get higher titles and rewards. At the same time, as long as the soldiers kill more enemies on the battlefield, not only will they be rewarded, but their family members will also be rewarded. Even if the family members have Those who are prisoners can still be released. Some of the family members are slaves, and they can still get the status of civilians.”

"Such reforms immediately improved the combat effectiveness of Qin soldiers. After all, during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, not all soldiers wanted to fight. Some were forced to have no choice but to be recruited by the state. Sometimes they fought if they won. If you can’t win, run away. So many times, the combat effectiveness of soldiers from many countries is not high. However, the reform adopted by Gongsun Yang distributed countless benefits to the soldiers.”

side said.

At this time.

However, the staff handed Chen Fan a cultural relic: "Here is a bamboo slip that recorded a letter written by a soldier of the Qin State to his family. One of the writers was called Hei Fu, and the other was called Jing. The translated meaning is, Roughly speaking, Er Yue Xinsi, Heifu and Jing once again sincerely greet the eldest brother, is mother healthy? Both of us are fine. A few days ago, Heifu and Jing separated, and today they reunited.

Send some money to Heifu, and ask my mother to make some summer clothes and send them together.After receiving this letter, I asked my mother to compare the price of Anlu silk cloth. If it is not expensive, I will buy it to make a whole set of summer clothes.Mother must do it, and send it along with the money when it is done.If silk cloth is expensive, just send money, I will buy cloth here and make it myself.Heifu is going to fight Huaiyang City, it may take a long time, I don't know what will happen, I hope the money sent by my mother will not be too small.Please write back to me when you receive the letter, and tell us whether the title earned by the family has come down..."

This reflects the military merit system of Qin State at that time.

Soldiers are ready to sacrifice when they are fighting outside.

But why they are willing to die, in fact, Qin has a complete military merit system.

For example, a title, or a lot of money rewards.

Even if you can't enjoy it yourself, you can leave it to your family.

So the two wrote letters to their family members, and they didn't have any embarrassment about asking for money and cloth.

Because this is what they earned with their lives.

"This kind of military merit system feels even better than Wei Wuzu."

"Well, although Wei Wuzu is awesome, the cost is too huge, and not ordinary people can be Wei Wuzu. But Gongsun Yang's reform, even ordinary soldiers, they can explode a huge fighting power."

"Yes, anyway, on the battlefield, sister, killing one is enough, and killing two will pay off."

"If you kill two, you will get a title. It's like fighting monsters in a game. When you see the enemy, no matter what, you have to kill one first."

"Well, for ordinary people, titles are simply a fatal temptation."

Yes.

At that time, it was basically impossible for ordinary people to change their fate.

in that era.

Nobles are nobles, commoners are commoners, and slaves are slaves.

They will never change in their lifetime, and it is impossible to change.

After all, there were no imperial examinations or martial arts examinations at that time.

There is no recommended way to promote talents.

But once such a reform came out, it gave the soldiers a chance to change their fate from bottom to top.

Although this opportunity must be to risk one's life to win.

But even so, there are still countless soldiers who are willing.

"But that's not all. Gongsun Yang is also implementing the joint law in the reform of the army. This joint, that is, if any one of them commits a crime or has other problems, the entire person related to him will also be punished. For example, going to the field During a war, the Qin State usually assigns five people as a team. If one of the five people escapes, retreats... etc., all five people will have to beheaded. In this way, the combat effectiveness of the entire army has also been unprecedentedly improved. Because You can only save your life if you step forward bravely. Even, if you find someone in the team who wants to run away. You can’t let him run away just to save your life.”

"Of course, this kind of continuous sitting is not only placed among the troops, but also among the common people. In order to improve the governance of the monarch, Gongsun Yang also implemented the continuous sitting system among the common people. Therefore, the common people supervised each other in order to survive. If there is any problem, they will report it to the top as soon as possible. In this way, the order of the whole country becomes unimpeded."

Such a continuous sitting can be said to be quite strict.

Even to the end.

Gongsun Yang himself was suspected by the King of Qin, and then fled. No one in the Qin State accepted him.

why?
It lies in the continuous sitting system formulated by Gongsun Yang himself.

If some people accepted Gongsun Yang, they would not know whether Gongsun Yang would die or not, but these people would definitely die.

but.

This is of course a later story.

It can be said.

Gongsun Yang's reform not only changed Qin, but also changed the whole of China.

Chen Fan continued: "In addition to these things, Gongsun Yang also adopted the prefecture and county system implemented by the Chu State and abolished the enfeoffment system, which also greatly enhanced the power of the Qin State monarch."

After such a series of reforms, all of a sudden, the strength of the entire Qin State has been unprecedentedly improved.

"Mr. Chen Fan, although Gongsun Yang's reform is good, it also offended the forces of the nobles. Has he encountered any resistance during the reform?"

At this time, a fan asked a question at the scene.

"That friend asked a good question."

Chen Fan nodded.

Almost all reforms, he will touch the interests of some other people.

At the same time.

The failure of a series of reforms was also caused by the obstruction of some other interested parties.

For example, Wu Qi's reform, Wang Anshi's reform in the Song Dynasty...etc.

It was all due to the counterattack of the old forces, which ultimately failed.

"Yes, Qin State, like other countries, also has nobles. This kind of reform, such as the abolition of hereditary inheritance and the adoption of a strict joint seat system, not only offended the power of the nobles, but even some ordinary people couldn't stand it. Because This is too strict, and one could commit a crime if one is not careful. However, among them, Qin Xiaogong is an absolute supporter of Gongsun Yang, which also makes the whole reform can be maintained. On the other hand, Gongsun Yang is also a An iron-blooded reformer. At that time, Qin’s husband’s son Ying Si was also the prince at that time. He touched the reform. But even so, Gongsun Yang was unselfish. Because Ying Si was the prince and could not be punished, Gongsun Yang directly cut off the prince The teacher's nose, to show everyone that even if the prince touches the reform, he will be punished. Under such strict reform, Qin's reform has been implemented smoothly."

Also.

one left.

Qin Xiaogong is also an extremely forbearing monarch.

Compared with his father Qin Xiangong, Qin Xiaogong knew that the strength of Qin State could not compete with Wei State.

At this time, the reform is imminent, and he knows the difficulty of the reform, and he does not want the reform to be broken by external forces.

So Qin Xiaogong directly negotiated peace with Wei Guo and ceded the land.

finally.

Wei State no longer attacked Qin State, which also gave Qin State time to reform.

"After Gongsun Yang's reforms, the overall strength of Qin State has been greatly improved. This increase in strength has also been shown on the military battlefield. In the later period, Qin State took advantage of the opportunity of Sun Bin of Qi State to defeat Pang Juan, and once aggressively attacked Wei State. And defeated the State of Wei. Because of Gongsun Yang’s meritorious service in the reform, he also sent troops to defeat the State of Wei. So Qin Xiaogong granted Gongsun Yang to the land of Shang, so Gongsun Yang was also called Shang Yang.”

Shang Yang's reform naturally had a longer-term impact than other reforms.

in this way.

Chen Fan was also much more detailed when explaining Shang Yang's reform.

but.

Apart from Chen Fan's fans, those who were able to attend the lecture today were also many researchers in the field of history.

When Chen Fan finished talking about Shang Yang's Reform, a scholar asked a question: "Mr. Chen Fan, most of the reforms can be effectively implemented when the monarch is alive. However, after the monarch dies, because there is no monarch's If there is strong support, the reform will fail. For example, in the Wu Qi reform you mentioned earlier, when the king of Chu died, no one would support Wu Qi, and Wu Qi's reform was only half successful in the end."

"Yes."

Chen Fan nodded.

This is also what Chen Fan will talk about next: "Everyone must die, and Qin Xiaogong is the same. After Qin Xiaogong died, all the old nobles who had been hit by Shang Yang before began to retaliate wildly against Shang Yang. At this time, the next The one who took the position of Qin Xiaogong was the crown prince Ying Si who was punished by Shang Yang before, and later became King Qin Huiwen."

This King Qin Huiwen is Mi Yue's husband in Mi Yue's Biography.

"It's just that although King Qin Huiwen didn't like Shang Yang, he was a promising monarch. He deeply realized that although Shang Yang's reform was too strict, he even punished himself. But because of Shang Yang's reform, Qin State got There are real benefits. But in the end, Shang Yang's reform offended too many people, so King Qin Huiwen killed Shang Yang, outraged by all the old aristocratic forces. However, for the sake of Qin, he still followed Shang Yang's law In this way, although Shang Yang died, a series of achievements of Shang Yang's reform have been preserved."

This said.

Then everyone nodded.

"I see."

"Although other countries have also become stronger, the entire legal system reform cannot be inherited, so they cannot always maintain their original advantages."

just.

Qin's ability to unify the world is not entirely due to Shang Yang's reform.

Shang Yang's reform only brought the foundation for Qin to rule the world.

Whether it will be able to dominate the world is not certain.

Because of history.

Anything can change the course of history.

Not to mention.

Sometimes if there is a faint king in a certain country at a certain period, he can cancel all the contributions of the previous martyrs.

But in Qin State, it was a special case.

Because after the reform of Qin Xiaogong and Shang Yang, there was no faint king in Qin State.

Even, not only did not appear a faint king, he also appeared several generations of wise kings.

Just as Jia Yi, a famous official of the Han Dynasty, wrote in "On the Passing of Qin Dynasty": As far as the first emperor, the survivors of the sixth generation, vigorously pursued their strategies and impoverished the inner world, swallowed up the princes for two weeks, acted as the supreme and ruled Liuhe, insisted on knocking on Pu Yi Flog the world, vibrate the world...

The survivors of Fen VI here, that is, Qin State's ability to rule the world is also related to the six generations of Qin State's wise monarchs.

(End of this chapter)