Great warships

Chapter 736 Various technologies are being upgraded

In the past, the domestic research and development capabilities were very weak. The Hongqi-61, which had been working on for more than ten years, could not be matured. In the end, it fell behind before the equipment was equipped. Now, the domestic scientific research capabilities are already very strong. Advanced regional air defense Missiles can be developed, not to mention this simple close-in weapon.

"Okay, let's stop here for the Hongqi-10 project first, and then talk about our warships." Leader Wu said.

The top of the mast is a 364 radar, and below is the bridge. In front of the bridge, there is a 366 over-the-horizon sea search radar. This radar is imitated from Lao Maozi's warship. Now almost every destroyer It will be equipped as standard, and the effect of using it in the East is better than that of Lao Maozi. It is simply tailor-made for our own navy.

This doesn't need to be introduced too much, the next step is the main event.

Xing Wenge, who was in charge of this project, walked up to the rostrum and looked at the crowd excitedly: "Leaders, let me introduce to you the modification of our 346 radar. In our case, it is temporarily called 346A radar. It is basically the same as the original version. The difference is from air cooling to water cooling.”

At that time, domestic active phased array radar technology was still in its infancy. In order to reduce the complexity of the system, a simple air cooling method could only be used. The curved radome was its biggest feature.

Over the years, their radar technology has also been continuously developed, with more and more advanced T/R components at hand, and the production technology has also been continuously improved. Until now, they have finally made a breakthrough!
"Leaders, look at this 200W S-band GaN power amplifier tube in my hand, and look at this one-yuan coin on my right hand." One is round and one is square, but the area of ​​a round coin is larger than that of a square power amplifier tube.

Such a small thing is [-] watts!

"The two hundred watts I'm talking about is its normal power. In fact, at its peak, it can reach a maximum power of 350 watts with an efficiency of 60.00%. In order to better dissipate heat, the bottom plate of this power amplifier module uses thermal conductivity The excellent copper plate is welded on the bottom plate, and there are liquid-cooled pipes inside the bottom plate, which take away heat directly through the flowing liquid.”

Even if you install a computer, you can know that liquid cooling is better than air cooling. Therefore, even if the liquid cooling system is complicated, in order to make the radar antenna work better, an advanced liquid cooling system is also required.

This thing is a key component of the active phased array radar. The performance of this component has been greatly improved compared with the original version. It can be seen how fast the development of electronic technology in China has been in recent years, and the leaders present are very satisfied.

"So, what kind of performance improvement can this kind of component be installed on the radar?"

"Leaders, this kind of component is smaller in size, so more components can be deployed in the same area. At the same time, due to the reduced weight, we can expand the area and the side length from the original The original 3.5 meters has been expanded to 4 meters. Our original 346 radar search range is about [-] kilometers, after this improvement, the search distance will be increased to [-] kilometers."

The emergence of this radar has brought the search capability of the navy's air defense ships to a new level again!
"Okay, not bad!" The leaders present were very satisfied: "It seems that the 002 aircraft carrier we are building also has the opportunity to replace this kind of radar."

Although the design has been finalized, the warship whose drawings are frozen is not suitable for further modification, but with such a good thing, of course it must be replaced.

Some people are also worried: "What is the cost of such a radar front?"

The performance has improved, but will the price also rise a lot?It can't exceed the tolerance range of the navy.

"Leaders, at present, this radar can still maintain the same price as the previous radar, and the four-sided phased array adds up to [-] million." Xing Wenge introduced: "Looking at the world, ours is the cheapest."

When it comes to the price of the Aegis battleship, many literature stalls will introduce it endlessly: this kind of battleship is quite expensive, and the radar on it needs [-] million. This is because we cannot produce it ourselves, and the chips on it need to be imported.

This is pure nonsense. Can things in the military industry be imported?[-] million is the initial price. When the technology matures in the later stage, the price will of course come down. We will not do anything else, but it is still no problem to make high technology the price of cabbage.

Air cooling is upgraded to liquid cooling, and the price can still remain the same. For the navy, this is enough!
"Okay, the 14th Institute is indeed the largest radar institute in our country. It's amazing to make these things. It has been developed so quickly and the price can be controlled."

"This is all forced by Mingzhou Group." Xing Wenge said.

The big guy was stunned again, they forced you?
"Mingzhou Group sold a batch of fighter planes to local tyrants in the Middle East. According to the plan, the follow-up versions of these fighter planes will be equipped with active phased array radar. Liquid cooling is the best choice for fighter planes. We have Mingzhou Group The funds provided were fiddled with." Xing Wenge said.

That's what happened!
Fighter fighters are also entering the era of phased array radars. Generally speaking, air cooling is not an option. Therefore, the 14th Institute can only step up efforts in research and development. Anyway, 14th Institute provides funds.

"Then you have to keep working hard." Qin Tao said: "Now is just a small step in the Long March. Our goal is to achieve comprehensive radio frequency capabilities. Installing a few flat-panel radars on a warship can solve all problems. It is your sacred and glorious mission."

Xing Wenge smiled wryly, Mr. Qin, you said it easily, do you know how difficult it is?
"This kind of radar front must be pre-installed with certain C-band components, right?" Another leader asked.

"Yes, as long as the guidance method of the Hongqi-[-] air defense missile remains unchanged, we have to continue to preset the components of the C-band." Xing Wenge said: "We have already reserved it in the design, but we hope that the Hongqi Nine missiles can change the guidance method."

This is the transition from radar to missile.

He just mentioned the missile silo, but didn't mention the missile. Hearing the words above, Mr. Wu who was sitting below spoke.

"Leaders, our Hongqi-150 missile has now been developed to Hongqi-052A. The range of this missile has been extended to [-] kilometers. Everything else remains unchanged. It can be launched using the existing [-]C. As for the more advanced Hongqi Nine B, still in development."

The original Hongqi-346 missile had a range of less than 14 kilometers. However, when developing the [-] radar, Ben Laoyi of the [-]th Research Institute insisted on improving the indicators. To be able to find small targets farther away, the range of the Hongqi-[-] missile was considered at that time. The improved guidance problem, if the guidance ability is insufficient, then the missile will not be able to guide when it comes out.

Now, this design has come in handy. Even if the range of Hongqi 150A is increased to 052 kilometers, the existing [-]C can still be guided, so that the air defense capability of this kind of regional air defense ship can be rapidly expanded.

If it needs to be modified, it will be a big project.

After the land-based Hongqi IX was developed, the navy could have used off-the-shelf ones, but the navy did not do so. It insisted on developing advanced active phased array radars instead of using the land-based passive phased array radar with a search distance of [-] kilometers. Array control is for this reason.

The air force thinks that the radar is not working well and needs to be upgraded, just replace the radar vehicle. If the navy wants to upgrade, it has to be driven into the dock for major surgery, which is not so easy.

At the beginning, Mr. Ben insisted on improving the indicators, and now the facts have finally proved his foresight.

"The shooting range has improved a lot." Qin Tao said with a smile.

Hearing Qin Tao's words, Mr. Wu shook his head helplessly: "Mr. Qin, don't make fun of us. The performance of Hongqi-16 has developed rapidly. Ten kilometers, if our range is not improved, then Hongqi-16 will catch up with it. However, the range of 150 kilometers is still too low. The next Hongqi [-]B needs to increase the range to [-] kilometers. , but it depends on the technology of the solid propellant, so there is no rush."

When it develops to a certain level, it will become difficult to improve.Although they want to continue to improve performance, this still has great limitations.

"As we just said, the depth of the new-generation launcher has been increased to nine meters. Can the range be increased by increasing the length of the Hongqi-[-] missile?" a leader said.

"Simply increasing the length will bring many problems. If the length is large, it also means that the take-off weight will be heavy, so the final effect may not be good." Wu Lao said: "Now, our 6.5-meter-long missile is not short. Moreover, it is easy for the navy to increase the length, but it is difficult for the air force, so we still have to go on the right track.”

Land-based launch vehicles are all necessary. If the missile is extended by two meters, it will be even more difficult to transport. The Hongqi-[-] missile is not only developed for the navy, but also used by the air force.

"Leave the range aside, how is the anti-missile capability of this missile?"

It is already a lot to increase the range to 150 kilometers. From 150 to 200, in fact, it does not constitute a qualitative change. The key is the anti-missile capability.

Dongfang has never signed an agreement in the field of ballistic missiles, so it can sell missiles to big dogs. However, to be on the safe side, our range is limited to [-] kilometers, but the error is a bit large. However, Dongfang not only wants If there are ballistic missiles, anti-missile weapons must also be developed. After all, if a country wants to seek unilateral absolute security, its own side can only develop along with it.

Electromagnetic guns and the like are difficult. At present, it should be the most appropriate to conduct research and development on the basis of Hongqi IX.

"Currently, our Hongqi-[-] missiles have been able to intercept targets like Scud missiles, but it is still difficult to further intercept medium-range missiles. After all, medium-range missiles already need kinetic energy interceptors outside the atmosphere." Wu old said.

For the navy, it is meaningless to intercept short-range ballistic missiles. It can only intercept medium-range or even long-range missiles. In this regard, its own technology is still lacking.

For short-range missiles, as long as the program of the interceptor is modified, the interception can be completed, but the medium-range and long-range missiles are different, the altitude is higher, and they have already reached outside the atmosphere, and the existing rudder surface control will become invalid.

"Interception outside the atmosphere is very difficult, but we must persevere in it, so as to provide a protective umbrella for our country. The task of our navy is even more difficult." Wu Shengli said: "Old Wu, you must Work harder!"

Sea-based anti-missile is more important than land-based, because the navy can go out to the ocean, so that it can intercept ballistic missiles at farther places and protect the security of the motherland more effectively.

But at the same time, this technology is also more difficult. The kinetic energy interception outside the atmosphere is still a blank for our own side.

On the one hand, one's own side needs to develop sharper spears to pierce the enemy's air defense system; on the other hand, one's own side also needs to develop more advanced shields that can block the enemy's attacks.

"Yes, in this regard, we are studying foreign technologies, such as the US Patriot-3 missile, they use a very complex attitude control system, this system includes 180 attitude control engines, which can provide the missile with attitude The adjustment, response speed and control precision have all been improved qualitatively, and we are currently studying this technology.”

"180 engines?" This number shocked the big guy.

"That's right, there are 180 of them, but they are very small. Each one is only eight centimeters long. It is filled with 28 grams of solid propellers. The working time is 24 milliseconds, but the thrust can reach [-] N. Each one can only work once. , providing an opportunity for attitude adjustment.”

"This missile not only has a small engine for attitude adjustment, but also the entire missile is very small." Mr. Wu continued: "It can be said that it is completely different from our current missile body, using a dual-pulse engine. "

Whether it is Patriot-3 or Standard-3, as long as it intercepts extra-atmospheric ballistic missiles, it is very small in size but has a very high range. Why is this?
Of course it's because of the way it works.

Ordinary missiles fly in the atmosphere and are subject to huge air resistance. For the same missile, the range of low-altitude and high-altitude ballistics can be several times different.

And this kind of interceptor bomb, after being launched, goes directly to the sky and rushes out of the atmosphere, with little air resistance, so the range is naturally far.

Yankee Patriot-3, in theory, is capable of intercepting ballistic missiles with a maximum range of [-] kilometers. When it comes to improved models, this indicator has been raised to [-] kilometers.

If we want to have this ability in China, we still have to continue to work hard.

Qin Tao was also very emotional.

"Let's continue to talk about radar?" Wu Shengli brought the meeting back to the topic again. Interception of ballistic missiles should not be rushed. We have to wait for the maturity of domestic technology. At least the range of Hongqi [-]A has been greatly improved. The air defense combat capability can be greatly improved.

Speaking of this, Wu Shengli also felt a little funny. In the past, every time the navy held an equipment meeting, it must be discussing the four-sided phased array radar, because this is what the navy needs most.

What now?After talking for a long time, the four-sided phased array radar took the least time. Why?
Of course, it is because the strength of the navy has increased, and the technology of the military industry is leaping!When the 052C was launched, it has become the first ship in China and the first ship in the world. The Aegis of the United States is still using passive phased array, and our own side can already use active phased array radar!

Now, from 346 radar to 346A, the performance is stronger, but in the eyes of the high-level navy, this is already a matter of course, so there is no need to continue to struggle with this project, as long as the 14th Institute continues to engage in research and development Will suffice.

Instead, the Navy was concerned with other things.

Such as intercepting ultra-low altitude sea-skimming missiles, such as intercepting ballistic missiles.

Now, let’s get back to the topic.

"The radar has already been said almost. On the rear mast, we still have a meter-wave radar. In addition to providing long-range early warning capabilities in normal times, it also has the ability to detect stealth aircraft. During our joint training with 052C and J-32 This has already been confirmed.” Qin Tao said: “However, our 517B is still too far behind, so our 14th institute has come up with brand new products.”

Xing Wenge was only in charge of the 346 radar. After talking about this radar, he came down, and Ben came up.

"Leaders, now let me report to you the latest research and development of this radar. This is a new type of radar built by our 14 institutes using the most advanced technology. It is not only used in naval equipment, but also used in ground radars. , Continue to weave an impenetrable radar network for the airspace of our motherland."

"Old Ben, looking at your 14th institute, it seems that you place more emphasis on it than the 346A radar?" A naval leader said.

Mr. Ben boldly delegated authority, and Xing Wenge let Xing Wenge handle the 346 radar. However, this seemingly outdated meter wave radar was actually in charge of Mr. Ben himself.

"Our 14th Institute was originally engaged in ground-based long-range radar." Mr. Ben said: "I am also making use of my waste heat. This radar is my last project before retirement, and I must do it well."

"Okay, old Ben, let me introduce you. Wait a minute. How did your radar look like a tablet? This is simply a large fly swatter." Looking at the pattern on the projection screen, a naval leader Open your mouth and say.

Although Qin Tao had already given out the design drawings of the entire warship at the beginning of the meeting, after all, he was just looking at the flowers on horseback. The big guy didn't pay much attention to the big guy poking on the mizzen mast, and now he can finally see clearly .

The previous 517B radar was a Yagi antenna, that is, some rods were placed vertically on a rotating rod. Although it was three-dimensional, it was still inherited from the ancient Yagi antenna. What about now?It turned into a tablet!
"That's right, that's a good name. We'll call it a fly swatter from now on." Qin Tao interjected, "We've finally upgraded from a clothes hanger to a fly swatter, so we can spot flies better in the future."

"On the 517B radar, we use the P-band, which has a long detection distance and low power, so it is easy to start up for a long time. Now, our brand-new meter-wave radar also uses the normal band when it is working normally, as a long-range early warning radar. to use."

"Usually work in the normal band, so during the war, can you change to another band?"

This is quite important!You must know that during wartime, radar is the first target the enemy wants to destroy. The enemy's anti-radiation missiles will attack the radar station as soon as the war starts. As for the parameters of these radars, they are usually collected. After all, as long as the radar works , it will radiate electromagnetic waves, thereby revealing its own signal characteristics.

(Can anti-radiation missiles kill meter-wave radar? The hero of East China is really not sure. It seems that this kind of anti-radiation seeker must be at least half a wavelength large to receive radar waves? There are also materials that say our fly swatter It uses the two-dimensional working mode of the active 3D system, and Huadong Zhixiong Primary School failed to understand this sentence.)
"Yes, once it's time for war, we can still switch at any time within the meter wave band."

The P-band is the meter-wave band. Because it was used in the past, it is commonly known as the P-band. P means the past. The frequency of this band is between 230 and 1000 MHz.Therefore, it is not fixed on a specific band and can be switched completely.

This greatly improves the flexibility on the battlefield.

"You have developed a brand new radar magnetron?" Wu Shengli said.

Before the active phased array radar, all the radar waves need to be launched by the radar magnetron. This is a special electron tube, which is specially used to radiate electromagnetic waves. In this respect, the country is still very powerful. Although these years have transitioned to the era of active phased array radar, the research and development of this kind of electronic tube has not given up, and brand new products are still being developed. After all, this can not only be used in radar, even a microwave oven is also using this thing.

"Yes, we have newly developed the radar magnetron. At the same time, we have used brand-new electronic technology to transform it, so that it has more advanced performance, and it can fully undertake the tasks of vigilance and anti-stealth."

"This radar is good, what's its name?" Wu Shengli asked.

"On the land-based radar, we call it the JY27 radar, but on the navy side, we haven't named it yet," Ben Lao said.

Different radars have different numbers. Although these domestic numbers appear to be English letters, they are actually Chinese pinyin. J stands for maneuver, and Y stands for early warning, which are the initials of these two words in Chinese pinyin.If the navy's radar continues to use this name, it will be inappropriate. After all, the navy doesn't need to maneuver.

"Our navy should take a new number, Mr. Qin, what do you think?"

Hearing the leader's question, Qin Tao said without hesitation, "Just call it 517C, how about it?"

The 517 radar is an early warning radar commonly used by the navy. It was later upgraded and became the 517A. When the 052C entered service, the 517B was improved. Now, it is the turn of the 517C.

"President Qin, our radar and the 517 radar are not inherited, they are newly developed." Old Ben said.

"That's right, that's why we call it 517C."

Wu Shengli nodded: "That's right, true and false, this is the best way to fool people. At present, the way our warships place meter wave radars to detect stealth aircraft has not been discovered by the outside world. Of course, we can continue. Use this number!"

(End of this chapter)