Hong Kong movie Big Adventure

Chapter 124 The Fall of the Northeast
The next day, starting from September 1931, 9, news came to Shanghai from the northeast.

Ma Deshang paid close attention to the slight changes in the situation in the Northeast. Although he was anxious, he had nothing to do. He found that there was no other effective way except to send a few telegrams to Chiang Kai-shek and Zhang Xueliang.

First, when Zhang Xueliang talked to a reporter from Tianjin Ta Kung Pao at Xiehe Hospital, he said: "I have ordered our soldiers not to resist the provocation of the Japanese soldiers. Therefore, our army in the Peking University camp has ordered the collection of ordnance and stored it in the warehouse."

Young Marshal Zhang, the robbers have already entered, and you still lock up your weapons. If the Japanese don’t bully you, who do you bully?
For this reason, Ma Deshang also specially sent a telegram to Zhang Xueliang to analyze the pros and cons, but this telegram fell into the sea without even a reply.

Seeing this, Ma Deshang also completely gave up, stood on the sidelines, and watched the situation coldly. The Japanese will settle the debt next.

Due to the execution of Zhang Xueliang's non-resistance order, the 8000 defenders of the Peking University Camp were defeated by only about 300 Japanese troops.

While the Japanese independent garrison was attacking the North Camp, the 2th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade of the 29nd Division of the Kwantung Army attacked Fengtian City. By 9 o'clock on September 19, the Japanese army successively captured Fengtian, Siping, Yingkou, Fenghuang City, Anton, etc. There are 10 towns along the Nanman Railway and Anfeng Railway.The Northeast Army in the Changchun area counterattacked spontaneously, and the battle continued until the next day, when Changchun fell.

On September 1931, 9, the main force of the 21nd Division of the Japanese Army occupied Jilin.

On October 1931, 10, Zhang Haipeng, the guard envoy of Taonan, Heilongjiang, defected to the enemy and sent three regiments to attack Qiqihar under the order of the Japanese army.

1931年10月26日，关东军第2师第29团占领四洮铁路沿线主要城镇。

On November 1931, 11, the Nenjiang Detachment of the Kwantung Army attacked the north defenders of the Nenjiang Bridge.

On November 1931, 11, the Japanese army captured Qiqihar.

Zhang Xueliang left Fengtian after the incident broke out, and led his subordinates to Jinzhou.

On October 1931, 10, the Kwantung Army sent 8 bombers to attack Jinzhou.

In this regard, Minister of War Minamijiro still claimed to Prime Minister Reijiro Wakatsuki that "he had to take self-defense actions because he was attacked by anti-aircraft artillery fire from the Chinese army." After that, the Kwantung Army issued a public statement, declaring that "Zhang Xueliang has assembled a large number of troops in Jinzhou. If ignored, it is feared that It will cause damage to the rights and interests of Japan. In order to resolve the issue of Manchuria and Mongolia as soon as possible, it is necessary for the Kwantung Army to expel the Jinzhou regime."

Since then, the foreign policy of international coordination advocated by Chiang Kai-shek has suffered serious setbacks, and Japan has become more and more tough.

After the fall of Black Province, the Nanjing government realized that the Japanese army would invade Jinzhou, and urgently ordered Shi Zhaoji, the Chinese representative to the League of Nations, to propose to the League of Nations that Jinzhou be designated as a neutral zone on November 1931, 11.

On December 12, the Kuomintang government informed the envoys of Britain, France, and the United States that it agreed to withdraw its troops from Jinzhou and Shanhaiguan, but on one condition, that is, Japan would provide a guarantee to the satisfaction of France, Britain, and the United States. , which requires the three countries to guarantee the safety of the neutral zone.With the Nanjing government's statement, Zhang Xueliang couldn't wait to directly negotiate with the counselor of the Japanese Legation in Beiping on this matter.However, this kind of negotiation was not only opposed by the Nanjing side, but also failed to obtain compromise conditions from the Japanese side. The Japanese side insisted that the Northeast Army must withdraw from Jinzhou.

After the exposure of Jinzhou High School's case, it was opposed by people from all walks of life and students.

On December 1931, 12, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Nationalist Government was forced to send an urgent telegram to Shi Zhaoji, declaring that he would renounce the filing of the case. At the same time, he also stated that if the Japanese army attacked Jinzhou, China would defend itself.The Central Political Conference of the Kuomintang has also made a resolution on this, emphasizing that "if the Japanese army attacks, it should actively resist."

However, there were obvious differences between the Nanjing government and Zhang Xueliang on the issue of whether to resist.Zhang obviously prefers peaceful solutions and is fond of the "neutralization of Jinzhou" plan.

On November 1931, 11, Zhang Xueliang sent a secret telegram to Chiang Kai-shek, saying that "I am personally in favor of this (referring to the filing of the case)", and while negotiating with Japanese representatives, he began to secretly arrange for the automatic withdrawal of troops from the front line of Jinzhou.This move caused serious anxiety in the Nanjing government.

Gu Weijun tried his best to dissuade him in his telegram on December 1931, 12: "Brother (referring to Zhang Xueliang) intends to withdraw the Jinzhou garrison automatically, please delay it for now";
Later, on December 1931, 12, Gu Weijun and Song Ziwen jointly sent a call to Zhang Xueliang: "Now that the Japanese are marching into Jinzhou, brother is for the sake of the country, and for the sake of the brother himself. We should do our best to overcome difficulties and hope to be able to defend."

Chiang Kai-shek also called Zhang Xueliang on December 1931, 12: "The Jinzhou army should not retreat at this time."

But Zhang Xueliang called the Second Army Command on December 12: "When Japan recently attacked Jinzhou, our troops stationed outside the pass should take precautions. However, if the current government policy is not fixed, naturally Jinzhou troops will not be used for defense, so they will withdraw to the pass." , "The troops are stationed in Qian'an, Yongping, Luanhe, and Changli".

On December 1931th and 12th, 25, Zhang Xueliang called the Nationalist Government again, saying that "as soon as the brocade war begins, the overall situation in North China will be affected at the same time." At that time, Japan "would threaten our rear with its navy and disrupt Pingjin, making it difficult for me to take care of everything." Therefore, not only Jinzhou cannot be defended, but even the land in North China cannot be protected.Therefore, regardless of advice, Zhang Xueliang insisted on withdrawing his army from Jinzhou.

1931年12月15日，关东军已经开始进攻锦州。12月7日，日本陆军中央部由日本本土增派混成第8旅，并从朝鲜调第20师司令部、混成第38旅、重轰炸飞行中队以增援关东军。12月28日，第2师主力渡过辽河进攻锦州；12月30日，混成第39旅进攻打虎山。

When the Japanese army attacked Jinzhou, the national government ordered Zhang Xueliang to resist many times. On December 1931, 12, he was ordered to "actively plan self-defense to consolidate the frontier", but Zhang did not follow the order; after Zhang Xueliang's troops began to retreat from Jinzhou, on December 25, The Japanese national government also urgently ordered it to "in any case, actively resist", but it was of no avail.

1932年1月3日，第20师司令部率混成第38旅占领锦州。而此时驻锦州的东北军第12、第20旅和骑兵第3旅早已奉张学良命撤退至河北滦东地区和热河。在张学良的一再不抵抗下日军兵不血刃占领锦州。

1932年1月28日关东军第3旅由长春向哈尔滨进军，同时从辽西地区调第2师增援。

On January 1932, 1, Li Du, the guard envoy of Yilan and commander of the 31th Brigade, led the Jilin Self-Defense Forces to defend Harbin.After five days of fierce fighting, the self-defense army threw away their helmets and armor, was defeated and withdrew to Bin County.

On February 1932, 2, the Japanese army occupied Harbin, and the three northeastern provinces fell.

Due to Zhang Xueliang's repeated adherence to the "non-resistance policy," in less than half a year, 100 million square kilometers of land in the three northeastern provinces were occupied by the Japanese army. Japan's large-scale invasion of the three northeastern provinces strongly shocked Chinese society.

Under Ma Deshang's deliberate guidance, the people of Shanghai and Zhejiang began to have a clear understanding of the threat of the Japanese.

There is a situation where black clouds are overwhelming the city and the city is about to be destroyed, and the mountain rain is about to come and the wind is full of the building.

(End of this chapter)