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Today I will demonstrate appendectomy on experimental rabbits.

Li Ang took out a white-haired rabbit from the iron cage and placed it on the operating table at the edge of the classroom.

The students stood up from their seats and gathered around the table to observe.

First put the experimental rabbit on the operating table, tie up the hands and feet, and then pull out the fluff on the rabbit's ears.

Li Ang explained his movements, The rabbit's ears are very thin, and after pulling off the fluff, you can see the slender and curved ear vein, which is the most convenient place for injections on the rabbit.

Before applying the anesthetic, rub the rabbit's ears slightly, and compress the ear vein at the root of the ear to make it congested and the blood vessels to expand.

Dr. Qiu, I'm going to wash my hands, and you are here to administer anesthesia.

Li Ang walked to the sink and began to clean and disinfect his hands.

Qiu Feng picked up a syringe from the cart, which contained a prepared alkaloid drug with local anesthetic effect.

The needle tube should be inserted at an angle of 45 degrees, neither too crooked nor too forceful.

Holding the syringe, Qiu Feng pierced the vein of the rabbit's ear accurately, and said gently, Otherwise, it will penetrate the blood vessel and hit the subcutaneous tissue.

As the alkaloid drug was injected into the experimental rabbit's vein, the rabbit gradually stopped moving and became paralyzed.

Qiu Feng picked up the scissors and cut off the rabbit's belly hair.

At this time, Li Ang, wearing gloves and goggles, came over.

He took over the operating table, and said lightly to the students around him: Remember, standardized and precise movements are the real kindness to experimental animals.

real kindness?

Li Leling, who was in the outermost circle of the crowd, tiptoed curiously, looked forward, and soon she understood the meaning of this sentence.

Li Ang held the handle of the scalpel with his thumb and middle finger, leaned over and gently cut open the abdomen of the experimental rabbit, and explained, This is the skin, this is the subcutaneous fat, the linea alba, the transverse fascia, and the peritoneum.

Every time a layer of film is opened, Qiu Feng will use tooth forceps to pull it.

The whole process is gradual, weird and beautiful.

The retractor is pulled out to expose the field of vision. Look carefully at the rabbit's appendix in the lower right abdomen. This is the colon, here is the cecum, and here is the appendix.

Li Ang used surgical instruments to separate, cut, and ligate the mesoappendix, then removed the appendix of the experimental rabbit, and finally sutured the abdominal wall incision layer by layer to close the abdominal cavity.

The appendectomy of the experimental rabbit was completed cleanly.

You have memorized the contents of the book many times, now you come to practice.

Li Ang turned to the students and said, A group of six will be responsible for immobilization, anesthesia, incision, laparotomy, appendectomy, and abdominal closure. Each group will get a rabbit.

The students looked nervous, and after being divided into groups, they took out rabbits from their cages and placed them on the operating table. The process is being carried out in a manner.

Li Leling watched the students' operations with curiosity and awe.

Doctors cut open the patient's belly, cut off the affected area like cutting clothes, and then sewed up the wound as before. This was unimaginable in the past, and perhaps only a person like Hua Tuo can compare.

But now, a group of doctors who have been in school for less than a year can do it.

Perhaps, the day that what Li Ang said really came true—every state, every county has a ward. It is convenient and quick for common people to see a doctor. It is no longer common for infants and young children to die due to illness, and people can easily live to the age of sixty, seventy, eighty

Suddenly, a sharp cry interrupted Li Leling's thoughts.

A rabbit whose stomach had been dissected woke up during the operation, screaming, lying on the operating table and struggling weakly.

The team members in charge of the operation, holding surgical instruments, panicked.

Many of the students studying in the Imperial Medical Office come from ordinary families, and they usually help their families kill chickens and ducks.

but the slaughter of livestock,

Seeing an experimental animal with its abdominal cavity open, lying on the operating table and struggling desperately, are two completely different concepts.

Your anesthetics are not in place.

Li Ang walked over quickly, glanced at the experimental rabbit, and said flatly, Get out of the way.

He squeezed past the students, suppressed the struggling experimental rabbit with his mind power, opened the medicine box, took out the mind thread from it, quickly sutured the experimental rabbit's wound, and injected anesthesia into it.

After the rabbit fell into a coma and stopped moving, Li Ang turned around and glanced at the trembling group of students, During the process of administering anesthesia, if the needle fails to pierce the rabbit's ear vein, local swelling will occur. The needle should be withdrawn immediately.

The voice did not fall,

On the other side of the classroom, another group of students exclaimed—their operation went wrong, and the rabbit’s abdomen was bleeding profusely, which quickly blocked the surgical field of vision.

Li Ang stepped forward quickly, probed with his thoughts, frowned slightly and said, You have cut a blood vessel.

Do you want to stop the bleeding?

The student in charge of appendectomy said in fear, Li, Dr. Li.

It's too late, I lost too much blood, I can't save it.

Li Ang released his thoughts, and with a click, he broke the rabbit's neck.

The classroom was completely silent, and the drop of a needle could be heard.

Li Ang's eyes were calm, he looked around the classroom, and said indifferently to everyone: Standard and precise operation is the real kindness to experimental animals.

continue.

He took two steps back and surveyed the classroom.

Standing at the back of the classroom, Li Leling put down her tiptoes silently, with a complicated expression on her face.

From the perspective of the public class, this class is undoubtedly a failure.

Although the students have read medical books for more than half a year and thought they were well prepared, they still made many mistakes when they really got started.

In some groups, the anesthetic failed to get in repeatedly, and they searched for the position several times, resulting in the two rabbit ears of the experimental rabbits being bloody and bloody.

In some groups, the rabbits were so frightened that they became incontinent because they were too nervous and forceful when binding the experimental rabbits.

All rabbits that survived the operation were placed in specific cages to observe the postoperative healing effect.

The dead experimental rabbits were thrown into waterproof bags and transported to the incinerator for burning.

The public class ended in a somewhat silent and depressing atmosphere. The students put on their schoolbags and left the classroom.

Li Ang and Qiu Feng were cleaning and counting the surgical instruments in front of the sink.

How about it?

Li Ang turned his head and casually asked Li Leling, This class.

Li Leling hesitated for a moment, then asked in a low voice, Are these rabbits bought from the market?

A very small part is bought from the market, and most of them are cultivated by the Tai Medical Department.

Li Ang said calmly: Experimental animals must have the characteristics of high sensitivity, good repeatability, and consistent response.

Therefore, it must be trained and cultivated to obtain genetically stable experimental rabbits.

It took Li Leling a while to understand the meaning of this sentence, hesitatingly said: Isn't it a bit cruel?

Li Ang stopped counting the surgical instruments slightly, and said seriously: That's why I have to take a medical ethics class first.

In the barbaric period when man and god lived together, what was the average lifespan of a man? Probably only teens.

And now, almost twenty or thirty years old.

With the development of medical technology and the popularization of wards, the average life expectancy of Yu people will reach forty, fifty or even higher.

Everything has a price. If medicine is a giant white tower that symbolizes light, then its feet must be full of bones.

Li Ang paused for a moment, then said: In addition to the experimental rabbits, the Imperial Medical Office has also bred experimental mice.

They are bred from albino Mus musculus and albino Rattus norvegicus through more than twenty generations of inbreeding from parent to offspring, and offspring to offspring.

From the perspective of quantity, reproductive capacity and cost, it is the most suitable experimental animal.

Remember the anesthetic used in the operation just now?

Li Leling nodded. She had read the recent newspaper that doctors in the Yu State Army were already using this anesthetic to perform operations on wounded soldiers in the army.

In order to verify the safety of the drug, I have done many experiments, including putting the mice in a sealed glass jar, releasing excessive anesthetic smoke into it, and observing the mice's reactions.

The mouse seemed to know its fate, running around in panic in the glass jar, while I stood in front of the table, holding a pen and paper with no expression on my face, and took notes.

As the smoke spreads,

Suddenly, it didn't know where it learned the movement, two little paws together, bowed to me non-stop, until it was swallowed by the smoke.

Li Ang said: Like, begging me to save it.

Did you save it?

Li Leling asked subconsciously.

The Haotian bell rang, and Li Ang's answer was lost in the bell.