From University Lecturer to Chief Academician

"On the issue of the wind pressure of the turbomachinery, we have been manually calculating the scheme."

"We also want to use computers for simulation calculations, but there is no simulation system at all. The calculation of turbomachinery wind pressure is a complicated problem. There have been simulation systems in the world for a long time, but we have not yet..."

"So for the time being, we can only calculate manually!"

Zeng Haiyu found out that Wang Hao really didn't know, so he bit the bullet and explained. Of course they know that it is better to simulate and do large-scale calculations, but there is no corresponding system at all, that is, there is no related software.

This kind of software involves very complex mathematical problems, and it is very difficult to develop it, but it can be done by more than just talking about it.

Zeng Haiyu's explanation made Wang Hao understand, and he found that his thinking was a bit simple.

Wang Hao generally knows how to calculate the wind pressure of turbomachinery. The main calculation difficulty lies in the approximate calculation of fluid mechanics. There are similar analog computing systems.

The two systems do not seem to be a problem. In fact, the main difficulty involved lies in the calculation of complex equations.

The main problem in the manufacture of aero-engines is that the research history is relatively short, and the research on aero-engines was officially started only 30 years ago in China.

The research method at that time was to learn a lot from the experience of foreign engines, and even said that as long as it can be imitated, it is a success, and there is no design problem at all.

It is still in the past ten years that the research really involves the design scheme.

When the performance of domestic self-developed aero engines is stable and can be assembled on high-end fighter jets, it will really enter the stage of self-developed higher-end engines.

When it comes to the stage of self-developed high-end engines, there is no way to learn from foreign solutions, and only then will there be a new "structural design solution".

This is a process of rapid transformation, and the accompanying system will naturally be imperfect.

The wind pressure calculation of turbomachinery involves very complex mathematical problems, and it is not easy to rely on computer simulation calculations. For the Aeronautical Engine Research Institute, even the development of the simulation calculation system is still in the demonstration stage.

Therefore, for several brand-new design schemes, at this stage, only manual calculation can be used for comparison.

In fact, it is still a self-developed high-end engine, and the time is too short.

The aero-engine company with a monopoly position in the world has a history of aero-engine research dating back hundreds of years. Naturally, it has a complete set of professional systems. As early as more than 30 years ago, it had a professional analog computing system, which was dedicated to the research of aero-engines. developed.

In China, the research time is too short, and some systems have not been able to keep up.

Wang Hao thought about it seriously, and said, "If you want to determine which of your several plans is better, the best way is to bring in a large number of values ​​for calculation."

"Of course, there is another method, which is to do the derivation and comparison of the solution set function. The difficulty is too high."

"I don't know if I can analyze it..."

He said shaking his head.

This answer made Zeng Haiyu a little disappointed. The research institute was arguing endlessly for several plans, but they couldn't draw a definite conclusion after doing calculations.

Even Wang Hao, who is number one in mathematics, can't do anything now?

"but……"

Wang Hao's voice changed, and he continued, "If it is an analog computing system, I think it can be seriously studied."

"This system should be very helpful for your research?"

Zeng Haiyu was stunned, and subconsciously asked, "Really?"

After he finished speaking, he consciously made a slip of the tongue, and immediately said, "Professor Wang, I'm not questioning you, but I'm really surprised. If we can have a simulation system, we can think of several schemes to calculate, and there will be no such aspect in the future." troubled."

"The wind pressure calculation of turbomachinery is really important. With the help of the simulation system, the research of aero-engine can be shortened by at least three years!"

What Zeng Haiyu said was not exaggerated at all, even a little conservative.

There are three major difficulties in the research of aero-engines, one is to increase the pressure ratio inside the engine, the second is to enhance the high-temperature resistance of materials, and the last is to solve the load-bearing problem of internal components.

Improving the supercharging ratio inside the engine ranks first, and to increase the supercharging ratio is to improve the supercharging efficiency of the internal fan blades. The design of the fan is very important.

If there is a complete simulation system, it will be very important for the early scheme design and the later test, and the engine development time will be greatly shortened.

Generally speaking, the research and development time of a top-notch engine is calculated in years. A state-of-the-art engine can be developed in ten years, which is already very fast.

With the help of a complete simulation system, it is not an exaggeration to say that the speed of research and development has increased by three years with the pre-design and post-experiments.

Wang Hao said, "Professor Zeng, you don't have to rush to be happy, go back and discuss it first."

"We can indeed help develop a simulation system, but you also know the difficulty, and it requires the participation of many people..."

"Of course, of course!"

Zeng Haiyu hurriedly said a few words, "We cooperate in the form of projects, and the cost..."

Wang Hao said, "If you are sure, I can send someone to talk about it."

After he finished speaking, he added, "Even if we can reach a cooperation, the simulation system cannot be completed in a short time. I can also find time to help you look at several solutions."

Zeng Haiyu froze for a moment, then grinned and nodded, "Okay, that's the deal."

...

Regarding a large-scale system project, Zeng Haiyu cannot make a decision by himself. He has to go back to the research institute to discuss with others.

Wang Hao only needs to wait for the news.

In fact, Zeng Haiyu said that the screening plan problem is not complicated to him. Of course, he will not slowly calculate it manually, but do a mathematical analysis, and he will definitely be able to draw a certain conclusion.

But he doesn't want to do it.

Even if the optimal plan is selected, it may not be the most suitable one. As Zeng Haiyu said, they can come up with many kinds of plans. After a plan is determined, subsequent adjustments will be made.

There will be a lot of calculations involved in the whole process, and you can't come to him every time you encounter a calculation dispute.

So the work is meaningless at all, it is better to directly study a set of simulation systems, and use computers to solve problems every time.

This is good for the Mason Number Laboratory. After completing the cooperation project with the space agency, they no longer have any major projects in hand.

Many people in the laboratory are "idle", and the researchers have nothing to do, which is not a good thing.

So Wang Hao simply said to help build a simulation system, and the core difficulties related to fluid mechanics calculations are not too complicated for him.

He has done the core math problems, and the side work can be given to other people.

As for helping to choose the best solution, it can be regarded as a 'gift' that comes with the project cooperation.

That's just a little thing.

It is a big deal to help the laboratory find a project worth more than 10 million yuan.

"It's really not easy to keep a laboratory running, and you have to work hard to find projects."

Wang Hao sighed.

...

While Wang Hao lamented that the work was not easy, the focus of the global physics community was on CERN's particle collision test experiment.

This is the second test experiment, and the intensity is higher than the first.

Research teams from 37 countries participated in the experiment, and a team was also sent from China to participate in the subsequent analysis of experimental data.

But the focus of international attention is two independent research groups, one is Didier-Mayor's research group and the other is Gessner-Rainier's research group.

Although CERN has not released a definite message, many insiders know that two independent research groups will be responsible for the analysis of data in separate energy intervals.

The so-called separate energy interval refers to the data in the interval of '183Gev-187Gev'.

Previously, Didier-Mayor's research group completed the data analysis of the relevant intervals first, and obtained the confidence level of new particles in the intervals.

Although the confidence level does not reach five standard deviations, just more than one standard deviation is enough to indicate that there is a high probability that a new particle exists in the relevant interval.

After the particle collision test was over, the two research teams devoted themselves to relevant data analysis.

There is a strong competition among them, and everyone in the research team is working very hard, hoping to complete the data analysis first and confirm the existence of new particles.

In the end, Didier-Mayor came out on top, perhaps because they already had relevant experience, and completed all the data work in the interval on the fourth day after the end of the initial data report.

On the webpage of the experimental group, they released the research results and the confirmed news, "We have discovered the signal of a new particle."

"In the 183Gev-187Gev interval, there is a new new particle. According to the calculation of the experimental data, the confidence of the existence of the new particle exceeds 7 standard deviations."

They even analyzed the new particle, "The new particle is most likely a brand-new muon with a mass about 500 times that of an electron."

For the discovery of new particles in the physics world, the confidence standard is more than five standard deviations, seven standard deviations, which means that the possibility of discovering new particles exceeds 99.99999%.

This probability is too high.

Two days after Didier-Mayor's team released their findings, Gesner-Rainier's team also confirmed the existence of the new particle.

The standard deviation calculated by them is '6.9', which is also considered to be a brand new kind of muon, and the calculation of the mass of the new particle is more accurate.

"The new particle is a new type of pion with a mass 509.4 times that of an electron," Gessner-Rainier said in an interview.

"It decays very quickly, but we managed to capture the information."

"This discovery is very amazing, and it also means that in the future, more new particles may be predicted in advance through computational analysis."

"We believe that there will be more major discoveries in the future..."

After the two research groups successively identified new particles, CERN also released related research reports, confirming the existence of new particles.

This is news that shocked the international physics community.

Although there has been an estimate before, it is still surprising that it has been confirmed. Many people have reviewed the research done by Wang Hao and Paul Phil-Jones.

They can calculate new particles in advance by shaping a new mathematical system of decay problems and combining the Yang-Mills equation for calculation.

This way is very incredible.

In the past, most of the new particles were discovered through the analysis of the experimental data of particle collisions. The number of particles that can be predicted by research theory is very rare, and they are all very critical particles.

Such as the Higgs particle and neutrinos.

Higgs particles and neutrinos belong to a large class of particles, and it is not surprising that they can be predicted through calculations, while individual mesons are a small class of particles, and their role in the theory is extremely weak.

Now it can be predicted by calculation, which makes many physicists feel incredible.

Many physicists have begun to study the research results of Wang Hao and Paul Phil-Jones, and have also become interested in the theory of annihilation.

at the same time.

A large number of media at home and abroad have made reports, and the reports are all about the new particles discovered by the European Particle Collision Experiment, as well as Wang Hao and Paul Phil-Jones' advance prediction of the new particles.

Many reporters also went to Xihai University to interview Wang Hao.

It was not easy for them to interview Wang Hao, but for the discovery of new particles, Wang Hao still made a public appearance. He explained the research, "Our research is mainly based on the theory of annihilation."

"I have always believed that there is an annihilation force, which can be understood as a space squeeze, and our latest theory believes that the annihilation force has a higher dimension."

"Mathematically speaking..."

Wang Hao started a long speech on mathematics, which also made some reporters who interviewed him recall the pain in the past.

They can only turn on the recording pen to record, and they don't even have to think about following along to understand.

After Wang Hao gave a simple explanation, he did not accept any more interviews.

Then Paul Phil Jones took center stage.

Paul Phil-Jones is a full professor at Caltech, but the vast majority of academics are out of the limelight, and he has no experience of being courted by crowds of journalists.

Paul Phil-Jones couldn't help but feel an extreme sense of accomplishment. He said excitedly, "The basis of our research is that the annihilation force has a higher dimension, or the simple understanding is that the annihilation force created the other three forces. .”

"It's a causal relationship."

"The annihilating force creates decay and is at the same time the source of other forces, and because of this..."

"The theory of annihilation is a theory that can achieve grand unification, I think..."

The more Paul Phil-Jones talked, the more he devoted himself, and later he even made such an expression, "Although string theory is also a unified theory, I think that annihilation theory is correct, and many problems in string theory are just vague. imagination."

"The work I am doing now is to create a new grand unified theoretical system based on the theory of annihilation."

"As a direct result, as you can see, we can predict new particles, and in the future we can also predict other microscopic physical phenomena..."

"I believe that the study of annihilation theory can provide theoretical support for particle collision experiments..."

...

Since the new particle was identified by CERN, more physicists paid attention to the annihilation theory.

The mood of string theory scholars is not very good, because in the research of Wang Hao and Paul Phil Jones, some mathematical systems conflict with string theory.

Now that their research is proved to be correct, wouldn't the mathematical system representing string theory be wrong?

Even if it cannot be proved that all are wrong, some mistakes are difficult to accept.

Princeton University.

Edward Witten was sitting in his office, watching Paul Phil Jones in the news talking eloquently, and even said that "many problems in string theory are just empty imaginations."

How harsh are these words!

If he hadn't actually seen the screen of the interview report, he would not have believed that Paul Phil Jones would 'betray' at all.

How can it be!

That is Paul Phil Jones, who is extremely loyal to string theory. He not only studies annihilation theory, but also speaks bad words about string theory in front of the media.

This mutiny is really thorough enough!

Edward Witten felt that he had nothing to say, because the other party's research did predict new particles, which meant that the direction of the research subject was correct.

So, string theory is wrong?

He couldn't accept the conclusion that string theory was wrong, but he couldn't figure out how to refute it.

When Edward Witten was in distress, he discovered that he had received an email from the "Science" magazine, which was sent by an editor-in-chief, inviting him to review professional papers.

He was really not in the mood to review manuscripts, but he still scanned the title of the paper, ""Analysis of the Big Bang Based on Annihilation Theory and String Theory"?"

"Annihilation theory combined with string theory?"

"What logic?"

Edward Witten was a little puzzled, but he was interested, and immediately replied an email, confirming that he would help with the review work.

He wanted to see what this research paper said.