Happy Tycoon

Adrian searched in the box he carried with him, and then took out a rolled-up drawing and handed it to Yang Jing, This is the overall rendering of the building I designed at that time, what do you think? To be honest, when I handed over this design to Prince Alwaleed, I was actually a bit reluctant, because the overall style of the building I designed was not very suitable for the folk customs of Saudi Arabia. On the contrary, it is more suitable for you Huaxia. You also know that I have designed two super high-rise buildings in Huaxia, one is the Jinmao Tower and the other is the Zifeng Tower, so I am full of good feelings for this country, and this design plan is even more In line with the traditional Chinese style.

Yang Jing opened the rendering, and was immediately attracted by the building drawn on it.

The bird's-eye view of the building is a slightly distorted five-pointed star pattern, not the regular five-pointed star, but some changes. As for the front effect picture, it is a steeple that looks like a triangular pyramid. The bottom of the building is the largest, but the building shrinks as the height increases, until it reaches the top, it shrinks into a spire.

The whole looks like a triangular army thorn erected on the ground, piercing the sky.

Hehe, you can see it too. I originally named this building the Five-Star Tower, because the overall structure of this building presents a five-pointed star pattern, and the five-pointed star is also of special significance to Huaxia. At the same time, this building can also be called the Five Elements Pagoda, gold, wood, water, fire, and earth. In your ancient Chinese civilization inheritance, the five elements are also one of the most important inheritances. The five corners of this building represent the mysterious five elements.

Well, yes, quite good! I like this design very much. But Ade, where did your design inspiration come from?

Hehe, this is a bit of a coincidence. I have a little grandson who is seventeen years old this year. When he was five years old more than ten years ago, he was playing with a paper ball. The paper ball was made of several equilateral triangles. Cube, that is, a toy called five-intersecting tetrahedron.”

Yang Jing nodded, he had seen this kind of origami toy before, it was a kind of magical toy.

Because each face of this five-intersecting tetrahedron will present a five-pointed star shape, my inspiration suddenly came, so I designed this five-pointed star according to the principle of this five-intersecting tetrahedron. tower.

After a pause, Adrian continued to explain: We all know that a triangle is the most stable structure, so many main structures in super high-rise buildings are made of triangles. And the overall structure of this five-star tower is composed of five It is composed of three triangles, so structurally speaking, the five-star tower has a very stable structure.

Well, in fact, the architectural concept of the Burj Khalifa I designed before is the 'Desert Flower'. The plane is a three-petal symmetrical blooming flower; the facade forms a spiral line through 21 gradually rising setbacks. The whole building is like a budding flower. The core idea of ​​this design is actually an equilateral triangle structure. And the Kingdom Tower I designed is also derived from the design idea of ​​an equilateral triangle structure. If you want to build a super high-rise The first thing to ensure is that the core structure of the building must have sufficient stability, and the triangle is undoubtedly the best choice.”

Yang Jing nodded and said, Ade, your design concept is very correct. For this kind of super high-rise building, stability comes first.

Adrian said with a smile: That's right, so in my design, there are almost no buildings that use steel structures. The buildings I design are mainly steel-concrete, and then the uppermost part of the building is used. All steel construction.

Hey, can the building materials used affect the stability of the building? Yang Jing asked puzzled.

That's natural! The choice of building materials plays a decisive role in the stability of the building! Albert, you should know that one of the most feared things about this super high-rise building is earthquakes, and the other is strong winds. Earthquakes This kind of thing is hard to say. Generally speaking, the location of super high-rise buildings will be selected in areas with relatively stable geological conditions to avoid the impact of earthquakes on the building to the greatest extent. However, there is no way to avoid strong winds. Every building For super high-rise buildings with a height of more than 400 meters, the first thing to consider in the design is the influence of wind force on the building. Because the higher the building, the stronger the wind force on its upper part, and the greater the displacement of the building. This is A proportional relationship is unavoidable.

However, if different building materials are used, the impact of wind force on the building can be minimized. In the 1960s and 1970s, there was such a general consensus in the global construction industry that 'all-steel structure is better than concrete structure. , suitable for super high-rise buildings', so a large number of high-rise buildings with steel structures over 300 meters were built during that period, such as the twin towers of the New York World Trade Center built in 1971 reached a height of 412 meters, and the Chicago Sears built in 1974 The height of the building reaches 442 meters.

Well, I know this. It seems that the all-steel structure is not good for fire prevention, right? The twin towers of the World Trade Center collapsed in the September 11 incident, because the steel structure of the building was melted by the fire, which eventually led to the collapse of the twin towers. Yang Jing said.

Yes, although the steel structure reduces the overall weight of the building, as you said, a super high-rise building with an all-steel structure is a very unfavorable factor in terms of fire protection. If the twin towers of the World Trade Center are made of concrete structures , then maybe the pair of twin towers will not collapse in the end. Adrian nodded.

Moreover, there is an unavoidable status quo of super high-rise buildings with all-steel structures, that is, the high-rise displacement is too large. In the 1980s and 1990s, people found that all-steel structures could no longer meet the needs of further increases in building height. The reason is that the improvement of the lateral rigidity of the steel structure is difficult to keep up with the rapid increase in height. In other words, the displacement of the upper part of this super high-rise building with an all-steel structure is much larger due to the wind force in concrete structures.”

This can be clearly seen from the comparison between the Burj Khalifa I designed and the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center. The Burj Khalifa I designed adopts a new structural system with a lower concrete structure and an upper steel structure. The underground minus 30 From 601 meters to the ground is a reinforced concrete shear wall system; from 601 to 828 meters is a steel structure, of which 601 to 760 meters use a steel frame with diagonal braces.

The New York World Trade Center is an all-steel structure, so the maximum displacement of the two buildings at 412 meters on one side reached 1,000 millimeters; while the concrete structure of the Burj Khalifa has a maximum displacement of only 450 millimeters on one side at 601 meters. Even From the perspective of the Burj Khalifa itself, the maximum displacement on one side is only 450 mm at the top of the concrete structure at 601 meters, but the maximum displacement on one side rapidly increases to 1250 mm at the top of the steel frame at 760 meters. At the vertex of the steel mast at 828 meters, the maximum displacement on one side reaches 1450 mm. Therefore, the Burj Khalifa arranges hotels and apartments in the concrete structure part below 601 meters, and uses the steel structure part above 601 meters as an office building .The above displacement is too big, not suitable for living, only suitable for office.”

Hearing this series of data, Yang Jing couldn't help but said in surprise: Is there such a big gap between the all-steel structure and the concrete structure?

That's right, the difference caused by the choice of these two building materials is that big! Adrian said with certainty.

The so-called floor displacement refers to a physical phenomenon commonly found in super high-rise buildings. Generally speaking, when the height of a building exceeds a certain limit, it will shift under the action of lateral stress such as wind. It is an inevitable physical phenomenon, the higher the floor, the greater the range of displacement.

Generally speaking, displacement refers to the magnitude of the horizontal shaking of the building from left to right, and unilateral displacement refers to the magnitude of the building shaking to one side.

The greater the displacement, the more unstable the building is. It's so simple, it shakes so much! And if the displacement exceeds a certain limit, the building will sway more and more under the action of lateral stress, and eventually collapse. Therefore, in the construction industry, there are strict regulations on the floor displacement coefficient of super high-rise buildings. If the model of a super high-rise building fails the wind tunnel test, the building is absolutely prohibited from being built.

After the design of a super high-rise skyscraper comes out, several models of different scales will be made for testing. For example, the ratio of rigid and aeroelastic overall models is usually 500:1, and the scale used to test local wind research Models are 250:1 or even 125:1.

This test model can intuitively reflect the influence of lateral stress on the building, so as to judge whether the design scheme of the building is qualified.

Adrian continued: Because of the huge gap in displacement between the all-steel structure and the concrete structure, since the 1980s and 1990s, the reinforced concrete core tube plus the peripheral steel structure has become the basic form of super high-rise buildings. The Jinmao Tower, Zifeng Tower, Burj Khalifa I designed, as well as the Kingdom Tower and Greenland Center under construction all adopt this structural form.

I remember that the design standard of the Burj Khalifa at that time was designed according to the local strong wind that occurred once in fifty years, that is, 55 m/s. As a result, during the wind tunnel test, the horizontal displacement of the model's structure was within 5 In the face of the once-in-ten-year strong wind, there is almost no difference between the displacement data and the maximum displacement data tested after the building was completed. Therefore, my design back then was absolutely qualified. Therefore, in the design of this five-star tower, I also adopted a structural form similar to that of the Burj Khalifa and the Kingdom Tower. Although this design has not yet passed the wind tunnel test, I believe my design should meet the requirements.

Then you mean that this five-star tower or the giant dragon building will also adopt this structural form? Yang Jing asked.

That's right, this type of structure is currently the most suitable structure for super-tall buildings. Well, I mean, in terms of funds and pressure on the ground, this type of structure is the best. Of course, if it can pass the wind tunnel test , that would be even better. Well, you just called the building I designed the Dragon Building?

Hehe, of course, because I will name this building after my company. Congratulations, Ade, I have adopted your design plan!

PS: Bow and thank Very Lazy Fish for the 100 tip.