Republic of China game

Luo Yaoguo looked at Zhang Naiqi and said with a smile: "The Overwatch Council is not a government agency. It is now equivalent to a part of the parliament, similar to the upper house of the parliament. It is responsible for reviewing the laws enacted by the Legislative Yuan and supervising the national government. The Accounting Office is an independent agency directly responsible to the Overwatch Council. Audit institutions are responsible for checking the accounts of government agencies and public enterprises, and then make the results public."

"No, when did the Prime Minister say that the Overwatch Council is the upper house of the parliament?" Zhang Naiqi immediately became vigilant. He was familiar with the Three People's Principles, and it seemed that he didn't have this one.

"I just said it last week. Now that the Kuomintang is conducting political training, many of the Prime Minister's propositions are constantly being revised." Luo Yaoguo took a sip of tea and said, "I have heard that you are not afraid of power. This accounting office will investigate The account of the government and the army needs someone like you. How about it, do you dare to go?"

"There is no reason not to dare." Zhang Naiqi is still willing to become an official, but he is not willing to work for the right wing of the Kuomintang. Now he is checking the accounts of the right wing to see if they have been corrupted. Done.Moreover, he made up his mind to check the accounts handled by Luo Yaoguo to see if this guy has been corrupted?Hmph, so many women must be supported by embezzled money.

……

The three demands of the Shanghai Banking Association flew to the table of the Kuomintang Presidium meeting along with the radio waves. The four party and state leaders looked at me and I looked at you, but there was no good way.In the end, they all looked at Song Ziwen and Kong Xiangxi who were present at the meeting, wanting to hear their suggestions.

Kong Xiangxi, who looked like Amitabha, laughed and said: "This matter is easy to handle. Those members of the Banking Association are businessmen after all, and if they are businessmen, they must be mercenary. We only need to lure them with corresponding benefits, and their alliance will be inevitable." collapse, so the problem of legal currency will not be solved?"

Chapter 0153

Tempted by interests?The four members of the presidium shook their heads in unison. Who are those people?Those were not the soldiers under Feng Yuxiang who were bitterly eating cornbread.They are tycoons of the Banking Association, they are all big capitalists who have plenty of money, and now they can print their own money.What interests does the Kuomintang have that can attract them?

Seeing that everyone didn't believe it, Haha Kong slowly said his method: "We can follow the method after the Meiji Restoration in Japan and support ten large banks and give special preferential policies. Support them to monopolize the entire South China Banking or even finance.

For example, we can provide a large amount of government capital injection to these ten banks, and stipulate that all banking business such as deposits, loans, bonds, and remittances of government-owned enterprises in the future will be handled by them.They come forward to organize a unified inter-bank market and a joint stock exchange, and can monopolize the securities and inter-bank bill business in the whole southern China.They came forward to set up an international exchange and clearing institution to be responsible for the international exchange business in South China.Moreover, we have to gradually increase the entry threshold for banks, and eventually eliminate banks and banks that do not have the strength from the South China market, so as to form a situation where the top ten banks monopolize the South China financial industry.What do you think, with such great benefits in front of them, can they not be tempted?And there are only ten pieces of cake, but there are dozens of people who want to eat, so can their alliance be maintained? "

Song Ziwen was stunned for a moment, Kong Xiangxi's words vaguely meant that he wanted to follow the path of monopoly capitalism that the latecomers had gone through.Use the power of the government to support a large number of plutocrats, use them to control the wealth of the entire country, and use their financial resources to develop monopoly capitalism.Now, under the leadership of Sun Yat-sen, South China has temporarily got rid of the chains of the great powers. It seems that this route can be tried, but is it in line with the Three People's Principles?Can Sun Yat-sen agree?

Look at Lao Jiang and Hu Hanmin, although there are some doubts in the eyes of these two people, they both nodded slightly inadvertently, and it is obvious that the two of them have already been tempted.Song Ziwen frowned slightly: "Yongzhi, doing this is not in line with the Three People's Principles at all. It is basically the kind of domestic exploitation by the big powers. We are revolutionaries and cannot do such things."

"Can't you?" Wang Jingwei's voice suddenly sounded, and there was a smile on his white face: "Didn't Japan do this after the Meiji Restoration? I think the Japanese method is very good, and we should learn from them. And our current situation is quite similar to theirs back then. Although the entire country has not been unified, the territory is not small, the military and political orders have also been unified, and the right to tariffs has been fought back. I think the mediocre way can do it.”

Wang Jingwei has now completely discarded the leftist mask and restored his pro-Japanese true colors, taking Japan as a teacher in everything. Since Japan is doing this, Wang Jingwei thinks it is feasible.

"Well, I agree with Comrade Zhaoming's opinion." Before Song Ziwen could refute Wang Jingwei, Old Jiang smiled and voted for it.He is relatively close to the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Consortium, so he naturally doesn't want Song Ziwen to drive them to a dead end.

"This method is good, but we can't support the Jiangsu-Zhejiang consortium. Overseas Chinese in Guangdong and Nanyang should account for at least half." Hu Hanmin was almost finalized, because Xu Chongzhi basically listened to him on this issue.

"Ah... woo!" Xu Chongzhi rubbed his temples and yawned: "Let's do it this way. The chaebols are the chaebols. There's nothing wrong with learning Japan. Besides, don't you have to inject public shares into those banks? That's okay." It is state-controlled, not completely private, so it does not violate the Three Principles of the People.”

Xu Chongzhi, who smokes and beauties all day long, actually understands the Three Principles of the People?Hehe, it was unexpected.However, his explanation was so-so, so Song Ziwen had nothing to say, so he reluctantly agreed.In this way, the rightists of the Kuomintang moved further to the right, and began to embark on the road of no return to monopoly capitalism.

……

After receiving a confidential telegram from Wu Ziliang, Luo Yaoguo immediately realized that this was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.The current southern China in this time and space is indeed showing signs of embarking on the capitalist road. Basically, a unified market has been formed, with independent tariff protection, and the social environment is relatively stable.And there are still 12 years before Japan's full-scale invasion of China, if this damn war will happen again.These 12 years must have been a good opportunity for the development of capitalism, and the Nationalist government is indeed capable of fostering such a group of plutocrats.Then this opportunity is not to be missed!Uh, let's seize the opportunity to earn some money while on stage, and have a good life when we go out in the future!

Thinking of this, Luo Yaoguo stopped hesitating and waved at Dai Li who was sending the telegram, motioning him to lean over, then Luo Yaoguo said in a low voice: "Send a confidential telegram to Wu Ziliang, Wu Chong, Wan Yanhao and my uncle, let them raise funds as soon as possible. A batch of funds has been remitted to Shanghai. Ask Du Yuesheng to come to me again, and hurry up."

"Fu Gong, you want to..." Dai Li naturally knew the content of the secret telegram, and seeing Luo Yaoguo's excited face, he naturally knew his wishful thinking.With the financial and material resources currently in the hands of the Southern Nationalist Government, it is easy to support the eight major banks. It is a pity to miss this opportunity. If one of them can be controlled, will it not be a source of wealth in the future?Moreover, the serious confrontation between Shanghai's financial industry and the national government has caused the bank's stock price to plummet, which is a good opportunity to buy.

After receiving a call from Dai Li, Du Yuesheng hurriedly found a new major general uniform to put on, and then hurriedly took a car and rushed to the Songhu Garrison Headquarters to report for duty, still looking like a soldier.

Seeing Luo Yaoguo, Boss Du gave a very non-standard military salute, and then asked with a smile on his face: "Junzuo, what do you want me to do for you to call me here?" It was pointed out by someone.

"Please sit down." Luo Yaoguo smiled slightly, took the telegram on the table and handed it to Du Yuesheng, and said, "Look at this first."

"This is?" Du Yuesheng took a closer look, uh, he didn't find any chance.Isn't it just to support the bank? This seems hopeless.Du Yuesheng has not yet realized the great strength of the national government, and thinks that they are not much different from the previous warlords, except that they have a larger territory.

Luo Yaoguo didn't care what Du Yuesheng thought, and asked directly: "Is there any bigger bank that can get in now?"

"What?" Du Yuesheng's mind buzzed, and he immediately realized that there must be a chance, otherwise Luo Yaoguo would not be eager to buy into the bank.Du Yuesheng pondered for a while, and then said: "Yes, yes, but this bank has a relatively serious deficit, I don't know if it suits Junzuo's wishes."

"Tell me." Luo Yaoguo nodded to let Du Yuesheng continue.

Du Yuesheng laughed and said: "This bank is called China Commercial Bank, and it is also very famous. It used to be the first Chinese bank run by us Chinese. It was on April 23, Guangxu 26 (May 1897, 5) ) was established in Shanghai. This bank was once very prosperous, but during the time of the Eight-Power Allied Forces, the two branches in Beijing and Tianjin were robbed, and it fell into a slump. Now only the Shanghai head office, the two branches in Beijing and Hankou, and the Yantai sub-branch are left. And the manager of this bank, Fu Xiaoan, supported Zhili Wu Peifu in the anti-Zhili war and lent a large amount of banknotes to Zhili. Now almost all of them have lost their money. Now the shareholders are in a hurry and don't know what to do. Some people If you are willing to take the offer, let them make up for some losses, which is what you wish for."

"Okay, no problem." Luo Yaoguo didn't think too much, and immediately agreed: "Yuesheng, you go to negotiate with their shareholders, and take over their shares if they don't exceed 80." The original capital of Commercial Bank was 300 million, but because of the wrong treasure in the previous anti-independence war, the loss was heavy, and now there are only hundreds of thousands of capital left. Luo Yaoguo's acquisition of 80 is really righteous enough.

After sending Du Yuesheng away, Dai Li sent telegrams from Wu Chong, Wu Ziliang, and Luo Yiqun. Their telegrams said that they could mobilize about 60 in cash. Luo Yiqun said that the Luo family, including Luo Yiqun and Luo Yaoguo, could raise a total of 50, this is already the amount that Luo Yaoguo can only get after mortgaging all the properties that Luo Yaoguo has acquired in Hong Kong.

"En." Luo Yaoguo was very satisfied after hearing this figure, and then ordered Dai Li to say: "Let Wu Chonghui come over with 30 yuan. Then find a way to run on the Commercial Bank in Beijing. After their notes fall, they will spend [-]% of the price." Take it back. Hehe, the banknotes taken by Marshal Wu should still be in circulation in Beijing and Tianjin, right?"

Chapter 0154 Run!Run!

In April 1925, ancient China, which had just emerged from a catastrophe of civil war and revolution, suddenly discovered that another sudden disaster had come almost overnight.

The run is about to begin.

Not China Commercial Bank alone, but almost all banks are now facing a wave of runs.The reason is almost because there are still a few exceptions. For example, the banks of Nanyang Capital and Guangdong Capital in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian have not run on their banks. Come to them to cash in.Veteran Zhang's official bank accounts of the three eastern provinces were also not included. As the victors of the war, the banknotes they printed still maintained their credibility for the time being, and did not become a piece of waste paper.In addition, the banknotes issued by the newly opened Soviet Bank are not in danger of being cashed, because this paper currency is the most advanced "paper standard" and cannot be cashed at all.

The run first broke out in Beijing and Tianjin.Uh, it's not Luo Yaoguo's conspiracy.As soon as his order came to Beijing, businesses and stores in the market began to refuse to accept banknotes from most banks.

There are two instigators of this crisis. One is the collapsed Beiyang government of Cao Kun and Wu Peifu.The second is the Kuomintang authorities who have separated themselves in southern China and are enforcing the legal currency.

For a long time, China's banking industry has been playing a game of exchanging banknotes for public bonds with the Beiyang government.To put it simply, the bank uses printed banknotes in exchange for government bonds printed by the Beiyang government.Haha, it's really unnecessary, can't the Beiyang government print some money and spend it by itself?Why go around in circles?

That's because all banks had the right to issue banknotes at that time, and their credibility seemed to be higher than that of the government. The common people did not take the banknotes printed by the government very much, but they trusted commercial banks.Thus, the trick of exchanging public debt for banknotes began to play out.Of course, the main players playing this trick are the banks controlled by the bureaucratic capital of Beiyang, such as Bank of Communications, China Commercial Bank, Huizhong Bank, Beijing Commercial Bank, Beisihang and so on.

The governments of Cao Kun and Wu Peifu relied on this method to raise military expenditures from banks to support their wars. If they win and unify China, the bonds in the hands of these banks may still have a guarantee.But it is a pity that Wu Peifu, who was invincible this time, fell down, so a large number of financial institutions in Beijing and Tianjin also had to follow suit.

However, bad debts on public debt are only one source of this run. If there is no legal currency policy of the Kuomintang, another source, they will probably be able to survive this crisis.After all, these colorful papers are beautifully printed, and the numbers on them are said to be exchangeable to the present ocean.In addition, these banknotes were an indispensable lubricant in China's economic activities at that time. Without their circulation, it is unimaginable what the entire trade and circulation would be like.Unless there is a new paper currency that is more powerful than them to replace them, such as legal tender.The credibility of this notorious guy in history looks good now.The Kuomintang in this time and space has a large territory, and it is backed by an independent customs area and various taxes. Although the barrel of a gun cannot clear silver dollars out of the game, it is still very effective against banknotes issued by other banks that are also paper.

Adding the two together, the crisis broke out naturally.Therefore, when tens of thousands of Chinese woke up one morning in April 1925, they suddenly found that they were about to fall into a hunger strike. It has become a printed matter.Because those shops, restaurants, and wine shops that do business have begun to refuse to accept these banknotes issued by various commercial banks from this day on.

Banknotes have lost their function of circulation, so what are they useful for?Do you put it at home for painting or use it to light cigarettes?It seems that it is most appropriate to cash it into silver dollars.In this way, most of the Chinese-funded banks on the ground in Beijing and Tianjin have already formed long queues at the gates, and thousands of small depositors want to cash out the few pitifully small banknotes in their hands.

……

A few days later, the bank run also started in Shanghai, the largest industrial and commercial city and financial center in the Far East.

Shiliyangchang, the Bund, the old Bank of China building.Zhang Jiaao stood on the roof of the bank building and looked down. There was a dark crowd stretching out from the gate of the Bank of China, and he couldn't see the end.These are depositors holding a few or dozens of banknotes of the Bank of China. They used to be the god of the bank, but now they are the bank's death talisman.

"Gongquan, everything will be fine." Song Hanzhang's slightly hoarse voice sounded: "Didn't we also survive that year? Our Bank of China will not fail, Gongquan, don't let it go to your head."

"Hahaha——" Zhang Jiaao smiled bitterly: "Mr. Song, do you think I am going to jump off the building? Hehe, if I jump off the building, those depositors will not be run on? If I jump off the building, the Kuomintang will let the Bank of China go? Mr. Song, now The real problem is not that our Bank of China will fail, but that the entire Chinese banking industry will fail."

Song Hanzhang stared at the black crowd, and sighed softly: "After all, we can't beat the Kuomintang. Their current strength is beyond our imagination. It's just a word from them. Now our banknotes can no longer be sold in the southern market. It's in circulation. Counting the time, these issued banknotes have almost flowed back to Shanghai from various places, and now they have to come to us to exchange for silver dollars. Public power, how much cash we have in hand and how long it can last, you have calculated No?"

Zhang Jiaao frowned tightly, and after a long silence, he murmured: "The cash reserves in our hands are about 1000 million silver dollars, and there are also 1000 million yuan of Beiyang government bonds, which are now our reminders." Ah! This time it is not the crisis of our Bank of China, but the crisis of the entire Chinese banking industry. The central government is bankrupt, and banknotes cannot be circulated. Hehe, how long can we last?"

"1000 million Beiyang government bonds!" Song Hanzhang said bitterly. This bad debt really killed the shareholders of the Bank of China.In the current situation, it is only a matter of time before the Bank of China surrenders to the rightists of the Kuomintang, but it is still possible to win the surrender on what terms.And the 1000 million public bonds accounted for almost half of the capital of the Bank of China.In other words, if the national government wants to inject capital now, it only needs 1000 million yuan to obtain a controlling stake in the Bank of China.

The door of the Commercial Bank of China building not far from the Bank of China building is locked at this time. A dozen red-headed men are holding batons and leading dogs to maintain order at the gate. Countless depositors who are almost crazy are holding banknotes in their hands. He and his passbook gathered at the gate crying, shouting, and cursing.They just want to get back a little money for life support. The tens of dollars are often these people's life savings, and now they will soon become zero.

In the manager's office of the Commercial Bank, several major shareholders are holding an emergency meeting around the general manager Fu Xiaoan.Discussing whether to go bankrupt or not, unlike the Bank of China and Bank of Communications, which are still strong, China Commercial Bank is always an empty shelf with foreign powers and internal efforts. Yesterday, the branches in various places were closed and stopped. Today, it is finally the turn of the head office.

The general manager Fu Xiaoan has been able to sit in this position for more than ten years with the support of the Beiyang warlords.Therefore, the flattery of the Beiyang government is more than that of other banks, and the Beiyang government bonds in their hands will naturally not be a small amount.Now Beiyang has changed masters, and the south is ruled by the Kuomintang.Is there any way out for China Commercial Bank other than bankruptcy?Everyone looked at Yu Qiaqing, one of the major shareholders, because he called today's meeting.

Yu Qiaqing took a puff of the cigar in his hand, exhaled a cloud of faint green smoke, and smiled contentedly: "Du Yuesheng came to me this morning and said that someone is willing to pay for this plate. The share capital in everyone's hands I can still get [-]% back, how about it, is it better than losing everything?"

"Is someone willing to take over?" Fu Xiaoan was taken aback for a moment, and immediately understood what was going on. He shook his head and sighed, "Is it someone from the Kuomintang side? It turns out that they have played so many tricks just to take over our bank." .”

"Yes." Yu Qiaqing didn't hide anything, but nodded and admitted: "Du Yuesheng has now defected to the Kuomintang and appointed a major general as a councilor. Now he comes to negotiate with me on behalf of others, and he is willing to offer 60 yuan to take over the bank's offer. This It’s better than nothing, right?” Indeed, it’s better than nothing, and Yu Qiaqing has already got the inside information that the Kuomintang will support the top ten banks, so not only will he not sell his shares this time, but he will also Take out a large sum of money for additional investment.