Daqin started with offering immortal medicine

And sulfur is something that has been mined and used in large quantities, so the raw materials for black powder are complete. For Li Yang, the most important thing is the proportion of black powder.

The folk saying "one nitrate, two sulfur and three charcoal" refers to the mass ratio of the three components of black gunpowder.

However, the formula formula of "one sulfur, two nitrates and three charcoals" of black gunpowder should not have been handed down very early, because the proportion of gunpowder preparation in ancient times was not like this, so it can be seen that the saying "one sulfur, two nitrates and three charcoals" is very likely It is a mnemonic formula for later generations. I suspect that it was mostly done by a middle school chemistry teacher.

Of course, as a traveler, Li Yang is very aware of the proportion of black powder.

The standard ratio of gunpowder preparation should be, potassium nitrate: sulfur: carbon = 15:2:3

化学反应以1硫2硝3碳的黑色火药为基础，实际质量配比是：硝酸钾占75%、硫占10%、炭占15%。（2KNO3+S+3C =点燃= K2S+N2+3CO2）

For Li Yang, who knew the proportion of gunpowder, the production was extremely simple. After He Zhang ordered people to fetch the raw materials, Li Yang ground saltpeter crystals, sulfur, and charcoal into powder, and then mixed them together according to the proportion.

Not long after, the black powder was prepared in such a simple way, and it was packed in a bowl, which was a full bowl.

Looking at the black powder made by mixing the three raw materials, He Zhang asked with a questioning expression, "My lord, is this an invention comparable to papermaking, gunpowder?"

Li Yang nodded: "Yes, this is gunpowder."

He Zhang looked left and right, and couldn't believe it. No matter how you look at it, it is too simple, and it is difficult for people to compare it with papermaking.

"Come on, let's experiment!"

In fact, Li Yang really wanted to know if the black powder he had prepared would work.

So I immediately took a spoonful, put it on a piece of paper, and then stretched it out with a branch to ignite it.

There was only a "chi" sound, and a fire burst out suddenly, and a puff of smoke ignited.Seeing this scene, Li Yang knew that the black gunpowder was a success!

"Wow!"

He Zhang's face was bright, obviously he thought this little experiment was very interesting.

So he picked up the burning twig from the ground, and stabbed at the bowl of black powder on the ground...

Li Yang saw it, what the hell!

Immediately, he exclaimed in shock, and just wanted to stop it, but it was too late, only heard a "bang", a violent flame exploded, and Li Yang felt blinded immediately, and couldn't see anything.

Chapter 267 New Year's Eve

"what!"

His eyes were dazzled by the flames that suddenly exploded, and he heard a pig-killing scream in his ears. Obviously, the scream came from that idiot He Zhang.

What is this called?

This is called playing with fire and self-immolation!Your uncle!

Although the gunpowder was contained in a bowl and not sealed, even so, there was still a bowl of gunpowder in it, and if it caught fire suddenly, the deflagration produced by this amount of gunpowder was so close that its power should not be underestimated.

It was like a large group of flames bursting out, two or three meters of high-heat flames mixed with thick smoke rising into the sky like a mushroom cloud.In short, Li Yang was two meters away, but he felt that his eyes were about to be blinded by the fierce flames, and he couldn't see. (PS: Friends who have played fireworks should have a deep understanding.)

Li Yang was really speechless by He Zhang. He had said before that the danger of gunpowder, this guy is so stupid.It's all right now, judging from the screams like a pig being killed, this bitch must have been injured.

Fortunately, Li Yang was standing two meters away from the gunpowder, so he was not burned by the flames of the explosion.

Li Yang's face was pale, and he waited tremblingly for several seconds, his eyes dazzled by the flames gradually got used to it, and then he quickly looked at the position where He Zhang was standing, his mouth was opened into an "O" shape...

I saw a smoky black guy standing there, the whites of the eyes on the smeared face were very eye-catching, and the hair turned into an afro hairstyle, with a trace of smoke rising from it, his hand Holding the branch, still maintaining the posture of starting the fire...

Who else could this idiot be besides He Zhang!

Obviously, this guy was also frightened, standing there, trembling...

Li Yang's jaw dropped in shock, his throat rolled, and he said, "What, He Zhang... are you okay?"

"Ugh..."

He Zhang burst into tears: "My lord, I... I'm blind... I can't see anything..."

Li Yang looked at the poor guy, and found that his eyes looked normal, so he comforted him: "Don't panic, close your eyes, it will probably be fine in a while."

He Zhang nodded, quickly closed his eyes, opened his eyes again after about a minute, and then grinned at the corner of his mouth, revealing a row of white teeth, and said happily: "I can see, my lord, I can see, haha! "

Seeing his joyful appearance, Li Yang was annoyed by him.

Fortunately, he used a branch to ignite the bowl of gunpowder this time. If he leaned closer to ignite it, it would be strange if he could keep his eyes.

However, gunpowder, a highly dangerous thing, allows He Zhang to experience its danger for himself, and it should be of great help to the prevention awareness of gunpowder production in the future.

As the saying goes, the ignorant are fearless.Only when you are aware of its danger and have a sense of awe and fear can you improve your prevention mentality.

Sure enough, He Zhang became afraid of gunpowder, and nodded with lingering fear: "This gunpowder is so scary, I was almost scared to death."

Li Yang rolled his eyes: "Fortunately, it's just a small bowl of gunpowder this time. If the amount of gunpowder is too large, we won't be able to live."

He Zhang nodded, and couldn't help becoming serious: "My lord, from this point of view, this thing can't be stored too much at one time, or if one is not careful, everyone in the room will be burned to death."

Hearing this, Li Yang was very satisfied, and said: "So we must raise our awareness of safety, and wherever gunpowder is produced, fire is strictly prohibited, otherwise the consequences will be absolutely dire."

Next, Li Yang put forward several requirements on the production and storage of gunpowder.

Workshops producing gunpowder had to be moved to the outskirts of the city alone, away from the crowd.

The workshops for the production of gunpowder must be small single-family rooms, and cannot be produced collectively in a large workshop.

Tinder is strictly prohibited in places where gunpowder is stored and made.

The most important thing is that all gunpowder practitioners must carry out safety education, improve safety awareness and prevent risks before they can work.

He Zhang wrote down the requirements raised by Li Yang one by one, and then asked: "My lord, now that gunpowder has been invented, how to make firecrackers?"

"The production of firecrackers is actually very easy!"

Next, Li Yang explained how to make firecrackers...

In fact, firecrackers are made of hard paper into a tube shell, filled with raw materials and ignited with a fuse (a paper roll soaked in 30% potassium nitrate solution), then they are firecrackers.A number of small firecrackers are connected with fuses to form firecrackers, which are the predecessors of modern bombs.

Of course, on the basis of black powder, sucrose can be added as a gas generating agent to increase the loudness.

Fireworks are based on firecrackers, adding colored fireworks, which requires adding an appropriate amount of metal salts to color, such as red for strontium salt, green for barium salt, yellow for sodium salt, and purple for potassium salt. It's a flame reaction.And these substances can be extracted from minerals.

After all, the basis of chemical elements originally originated from various common raw materials.

However, after all, the production of firecrackers and fireworks is dangerous, so it is not like papermaking and printing. As long as you tell the production method and process, you can let the general to explore and try.Therefore, next, Li Yang basically did it himself, instructing the generals to make small batches of firecrackers and fireworks.

While making it, I did not forget to explain the principle and safety hazards to them.