From Chief to Ball

Even though he seeks the public welfare and the interests of all people in terms of political identity, he will also seek his own interests. When public and private interests conflict, he will give priority to personal interests.

This is just an introduction. Many principles seem ridiculous, but they are indispensable. Without this ridiculous delusion, one step to the state of happiness for all, it is like this paradox: If there is a completely A rational and unnatural person with a state and absolute rights, all problems can be easily solved, but they do not exist.

In the final analysis, this is just the beginning of a debate about whether human nature is good or evil when this group has encountered a bottleneck after hundreds of years of development.

This is not explosives, not artillery, and even many things are ridiculous and may be ridiculed by future generations, but isn't it meaningless?

People discussing this matter would not think so far. Chen Jian would not have thought that a theory of matter particles would cause such an uproar, let alone that the article would be divorced from its own academic significance.

This chapter about people, country and rights, which ended abruptly without any follow-up, caused too many shocks in the capital, and many people seized the opportunity to start from here, just around the corner.

Criticism, disdain, praise, and rational opposition, good and evil, nature, absolute rationality, mechanical materialism, duality of the soul, moral heaven, and all kinds of weird ideas began to meet in the corner halls of the capital following the sound of spring thunder. .

This was not written by Chen Jian, but the various consequences that followed were inevitably related to Chen Jian. The theory of the invariance of particulate matter supported the logic in it, so some people began to attack this guess in order to completely Logically resolve the article about people and the discussions it sparked.

Chapter 68 Questioning

Before Li Yun came to Fujian from the capital, he sorted out all the speculations in the capital circle that opposed Chen Jian, most of which he wanted to know.

However, it is limited to the subject of natural science of chemistry. Li Yun doesn't like to participate in those debates about people, rights, nature, contracts, etc. He feels that life is limited to specialize in science, but his classmates are more involved in the quarrels.

Before he came to Fujian, there were two tendencies in the debate sparked by the pamphlet on man and country.

One is to agree with this worldview, because it is almost the same as the original worldview.The resulting discussion is that those rights belong to oneself, and which ones are handed over when signing a contract with the virtual personality of the country.

In addition, under this worldview, there are many funny or childish proposals that may mature.

For example, a castrated person should be elected as the king, which will reduce a lot of desires; for example, the whole people should elect a king with one vote per person. This king has supreme rights but needs to promise what he can achieve in office before taking office.

From this, it began to tear up who is considered a national, and whether it is right to vote according to the property bonus?Do those with insufficient property have voting rights?Does not having enough wealth mean that this person's morals are low and dirty, and he is bound to be more likely to do things for self-interest than those who are rich...

The other is to oppose this worldview. There are many reasons for opposition, the most mainstream being the recognition of the duality of matter and soul.

Since the soul transcends matter and is independent of matter, it begins to consider whether there is a universally applicable and acceptable morality that can transcend wealth, occupation, and gender, and sort out this morality to become a code of human beings and even a an implicit law.

Or write a code of conduct for each profession and class to achieve the purpose of restricting the behavior of each class.For example, what farmers should do and what they should not do, thinking about those things is a sin; what women should do, what they should not do, what kind of morals they should abide by; how sons should treat their parents, how hired workers should treat their masters... …

All these are spreading among a closed, lonely crowd who are panicked and worried about the future.

There is both retrogression and advancement, both dross and merit, just like any ethnic group that has just entered adolescence, it still has vitality, but it is about to mature.If the closed development continues like this, it will not be far from the restoration of the hereditary imperial system—without technological breakthroughs, pressure relief valves for foreign wars and plunder, great progress in productivity, and party politics, it is very likely that there will be a democratically elected emperor as a regulator. A buffer for the conflict between the rich and the powerful and the bottom.

During the dissemination, interested people began to choose statements that were beneficial to themselves, and tried to seize the commanding heights of this war without guns. For a time, a big debate began between the middle and high levels of the capital and street politics, and in the debate, induction, deduction, and logic were used. The problems of the class are sorted out and developed.

This kind of dissemination also let many people in the capital know Chen Jian's name, but they don't know what kind of person he is. They always feel that maybe this should be a person who doesn't care about world affairs and concentrates on studying.

Including the few people who came to Min City with Li Yun, they also thought so before they set foot in Min City, but their illusions about people were shattered as soon as they set foot in Min City.

Obviously, he is not a person who does not ask about worldly affairs and concentrates on studying them. On the contrary, he not only asks about worldly affairs but also asks them deeply, so that people in Mincheng no matter whether it is because of charity companies, small and almost interest-free loans, or because of the glass guild. It is inevitable to bring up the incident.

After mentioning it too much, these people became curious, and then they couldn't wait to see this young man who was somewhat famous in the capital.

In particular, I heard some rumors in the market: Those glass guilds want to control the ash and alkali, and block Chen Jian's glass workshop. They never thought that he is the disciple of the old Mr. Xuegong, who can turn salt into alkali. ...

This news spread shortly after the glass guild swallowed the alkali sold by Chen Jian not long ago, and it was also the reason why Tian Wenliang was sure that he had failed in control. people as a piece of fun.

Li Yun couldn't wait to get here, he was really curious about this kind of thing, especially for his favorite subject - he could turn alkali into salt, but he couldn't think of a way to turn salt into alkali.

For him, this kind of thing is like a cat smelling a salted fish, its heart is so excited that it can't help it.

Since she came here once, Li Yun was familiar with the road, so she took people directly to Chen Siwen's house.

After asking where Chen Jian's workshop is, he found someone from the trading company to lead him to Nan'an.

When I arrived in Nan'an, I couldn't help being dazzled by Chen Jian's glass workshop. Looking at the towering chimneys, the carriages and the billowing black smoke, there was always a sense of mystery and illusion.

Chen Jian is studying hard in the room, besides the blueprint of the broken brick building, there are also a lot of books on arithmetic, and he is translating there with Chinese characters that he has not used for a long time. Logical reasoning begins.

There is still a difference between the characters here and the real Chinese characters. He doesn't know many traditional Chinese characters for the plausible square characters, so he had to write all of them in simplified characters first.

After time travel, I find that there are too many things I want to do, but too little knowledge. Now Fang hates reading too little, but he has to do his best.

I have to recall that if I get out of the fog in the future, can I remember a few young historical figures who are proficient in the Four Books and Five Classics and Chinese studies?

It seems that the business company and the glass workshop have gradually entered the normal stage, and some things need to be planned in advance as soon as possible, and a general direction must be set, so that the world line can be completely messed up by helping whoever is killed and who is saved. , It's a bit big.

When Li Yun and the others arrived, Chen Jian rubbed his head, thinking about asking Li Yun for a favor, to see if he could find a draftsman who is proficient in geometric surveying and mapping in the Capital Academy, at least to inquire about it so that he can go to the capital by himself Time to meet.

He packed up all the books that he couldn't show others, and went out to meet Li Yun.

After seeing the ceremony, Li Yun introduced several people who came together one by one. It is said that they are all figures in the academy. Chen Jian didn't dare to neglect, and hurriedly asked Zhao Si to go to the town to prepare a meal.

Entering the house, I couldn't help seeing a large number of books of this ethnic group piled up in Chen Jian's house, and found that they were all about arithmetic and geometry. Several people couldn't help being curious, but they didn't ask much.

"Brother, how are you, sir?"

"Everything is fine, and I am happy. Now I am busy writing something or doing some experiments in the house."

"That's good."

Li Yun smiled and said: "It's you, junior brother. This time the master asked me to come, mainly to let you go to the capital. The things you wrote have aroused many doubts. The master supports you, and so do our senior brothers." I support you, but some things are really hard to explain. So the husband wants you to go there as soon as possible, one is that the husband wants to talk to you, and the other is that you want to fight back those doubts yourself. "

Chen Jian hummed, and knew that what he said was just speculation, and it would be strange if he didn't question it.

"Brother, what are you questioning?"

"First, I expressed my doubts about the gas that you said has weight. It is hard for many people to imagine that gas that cannot be seen or touched has weight. Someone asked a question that is difficult to refute, and my husband is also in a difficult headache."

"what is the problem?"

"There is a man who lives by the sea. A few years ago, a ship transporting gold mines sank in the sea, and he organized some colorful beads to salvage it. Because the water was a bit deep, several people's ears were crushed by the water. It is said that if you go deep into the depth of dozens of steps, you will feel uncomfortable. So the man questioned, if the air has quality and formlessness, and it is said that the sky is so deep that it is impossible to know how thick it is, then the air should crush people to death. I didn't feel it."

Chen Jian nodded, and asked again: "What else?"

"And the most important point is the conservation of matter's indestructibility. This is the basis of all your speculations. Mr. helped you get through this wave. You used a balance to weigh bile and iron filings, and then put When iron filings are thrown into the bile juice and the iron turns into copper, the weight remains the same.”

"Then thank you sir, isn't this a good way?"

"According to the inductive method you mentioned, you can't just use this method? For example, after turning into a gas, does it become lighter? How can I explain this clearly now, and there is no such a big balance. Now you know , the weighing balance is still difficult to weigh the gas."

"Yes. Brother, you are a few days late. I just asked someone to bring a sum of money to the capital to pay a visit to Mr. Wang, and asked him to help find a craftsman in the capital to make a scale as a reward. One thousand silver coins to make a slightly usable one , I'll get some more later."

"Junior brother is still rich, and the price is a thousand silver coins. It seems that your glass workshop has made a lot of money."

"Hahaha, what brother said is, why don't you use money? I thought about it. In fact, under the current situation where the balance is not accurate, some things may not be impossible, such as the reaction of soda ash and acid to claim carbon dioxide gas. If the amount is small, it must be measured Not sure, then take out one hundred catties of alkali and several hundred catties of acid to do it, this will definitely be weighed... It proves that the carbon dioxide gas has escaped, and it can be absorbed with a few dozen catties of caustic soda, and see if the weight is It's not an increase."

A few people next to him twitched their lips and secretly clicked their tongues, thinking that they are rich, and they can easily cost hundreds of catties.

Li Yun also smiled bitterly and said: "Junior brother's idea is very good... It makes sense, but we have been doing some small experiments, and we really can't think of taking out hundreds of catties of acid and alkali all at once to verify one thing. As you said, you have to have money."