From Chief to Ball

In this way, the support of urban craftsmen can be obtained, which is a matter of concern to their vital interests, and they will definitely support it greatly.

This part of the poll tax transferred to the countryside is linked to specific policies such as rent and interest reduction, re-measurement of land, and establishment of peasant associations.

On the one hand, a large number of tax-free land that is hidden and not reported will definitely be much more after the measurement of the Mexican party organization that does not have much interest in the countryside.

The amount reported to the national tax is still the same, and the excess land will be subject to land tax, thus gaining the support of the Mincheng council, which has no budgetary power and fiscal revenue.

Landlords object, urban citizens and councils support, and the Mexican party implements. The intensified contradictions can be resolved with appropriate force, as long as no "illegal" loopholes are created.

On the other hand, the poll tax seems to have been transferred to the countryside, but for those tenant farmers and small farmers, they paid less poll tax, anyway, they don't have much land.

According to calculations, even if the land that is hidden and not reported is not counted, this policy will only affect a certain number of small landowners.

At the next level, the reduced head tax is equal to the land tax increased by the land.

And these people are generally self-employed, even if they are equal, with silver inflation, price revolution, new species and new planting techniques and other conditions, their income will increase year by year.

For them, with the right publicity, they will do the simple math and in the long run their income will increase.

The poll tax is the most unreasonable type of tax, and it is also the seemingly "most equal" type of tax, but the equality of this type of tax is actually the greatest injustice.

Those most affected by this policy are those landowners with large amounts of land.They have a lot of land and few people, and the increase in land tax is not large, but it will be greatly affected if it is multiplied by a huge base.

With the cooperation of compulsory rent reduction and interest reduction, mobilization of farmers' associations, and protection of tenant rights in backward areas, it is extremely difficult for them to transfer this part of the tax to the tenants' land rent.

They will definitely oppose it, but their land also endows them with conservatism and weakness: once the peasant association is mobilized and the Mexican Party extends its tentacles to the countryside, as long as it does not touch issues such as land distribution, they dare not resist, dare not Betting their lives and lives—they were so bullish in the countryside before, it was only because they hadn’t seen the methods of the Mexican party, and they met those unorganized tenant farmers, who were used to playing with loose sand, and they would quickly lose sight of a stone. You will know how fragile you are.

Not to mention fighting an organized party, can those landlords fight a large capital group that integrates oil, steel, explosives, munitions, canals, glass, textiles, shipbuilding, banking, spice trade, etc.?

This large capital group is still far from challenging the landlords and military families across the country, but it is still possible to challenge the landlords of other counties in a county that has been blackened in Nan'an and has a bourgeois authority in Mincheng.And there is a large group of other urban capitals who are eyeing and wanting to get a piece of the pie in the countryside.

In addition to the things behind these, there is also the policy of abolishing the poll tax for the benefit of the urban petty bourgeoisie.There are also a lot of stamp duties collected every year, and the collection is generally from the big bourgeoisie. At the same time, because the stamp stamp of the government seems to be more legally effective, there are not many objections.

With a little balance, the urban burghers will obviously strongly support this policy, and it will also give the Mexican party a basis to cooperate with various progressive parties in the urban burghers, and then use the tragic story of "morality" to gain their understanding of rural issues. Support, even if you have obtained a stable rear.

"Moral" and so on can only win over some people with a sense of justice for a while.

Real benefits can be supported by the majority of ordinary people. Go to the street and ask a small citizen in Mincheng that the Mexican Party is going to propose the abolition of the poll tax. Do you support it?They definitely support it.I also asked them to pay the canceled tax from the land tax. Do you support it?When the ordinary citizens think that I have no land, it's none of my business, so of course I support it.

As long as the tenant farmers ensure the establishment of the farmers' association, guarantee their rent reduction and interest rate reduction, and guarantee their tenancy rights, they will jump up and support them.

If the rich self-cultivating farmers do a little calculation, the less poll tax is equal to the tax increase on their own land. It can be regarded as your Fujian county council fulfilling its promise not to raise taxes on us.By the way, the Mexican party also controls all kinds of new farm tools and new seeds, joins the peasant association and provides planting guidance, so naturally it will not object.

In this way, the rentier and old-fashioned big landlords were completely isolated in the entire Fujian County.This is not the deep-rooted capital city and the north. The bourgeoisie is powerful. The old-fashioned landlords have to accept it, or accept it if they don’t accept it. In the new meeting, it is impossible for anyone in the hall to sue the official.I ran to the capital to file a complaint, and the sky changed every time I came back. The pier was either controlled by the Mexican Party or the Nanyang Company. Full of interest, especially at this time when land operating yields are rising.

Also, those tax-evading lands that have been cleared will not recover the evaded taxes for the time being, but the Mexican Party and the Fujian County Council will never introduce a policy of letting things go.Once you gain a firm foothold in the countryside, you will be held accountable. At that time, let's follow the path of selling land and paying taxes.

Chapter 92 The dumbfounding paradox

There is a basis for inciting cities to fight against the old forces in rural areas in Mincheng.

In addition to a part of the petty bourgeoisie of the revolutionary democrats and a large number of subjective utopian socialists, the big bankers and the big bourgeoisie are also a force that can be borrowed.

For example, Nanyang Company now earns a huge amount of wealth every year, but only pays 12 silver coins to the treasury every year. A fraction of the profit from smuggling cotton cloth.

Not counting the citizens who were pulled into it by Chen Jian, those major shareholders and board members were also very worried that the old forces would use their power to interfere with the company or force the division of monopoly rights and shares.

There is a difference between people's state ownership and oligarchic aristocratic ownership masquerading as state ownership.

For them, monopoly power is just a name, and the pillars of real profit are the continuous development of industry and commerce and the powerful armed fleet in Mincheng.They are afraid of the revolution at the bottom, but they are also afraid that the power of the old era will hinder their profits. For them, the first priority is the stability and development of Mincheng's industry and commerce, and the second is to ensure that the 60.00% empty shares in the future are in their own hands.

Giving the 60.00% empty shares to those big aristocratic oligarchs is to lure wolves into the house; giving a part to yourself and a little bit to the middle layer is holding financing.

They are the most unreliable commercial bourgeoisie, but here is different from the Netherlands, the handicraft industry is very developed, and the price is lower than that of Europe, which has started the price revolution on the other side of the ocean, so they are in line with the interests of the handicraft bourgeoisie under this situation Of course, if the handicraft industry is not developed, they will turn around and become compradors and smugglers, destroying their own handicraft industry with great interest.

From an "empire" view of history, these people are all moths of the "empire", but those who have an "empire" view of history may not necessarily be the masters of the empire.

Just like the smugglers in the Spanish colonies, the largest trading partners of the Nanyang Company, they were the moths of the Spanish Empire, but when the time allowed, they transformed themselves into the revolutionary leaders of the colonial bourgeoisie.

This moth of the "empire" is a force that can be borrowed to destroy the old ruling class of the "empire".

Including the poll tax, land tax and stamp tax reforms to be implemented in Mincheng, these big bourgeoisie are happy to see.

To implement this kind of reform, what is needed is a "tax package" system with the "county self-government council" as the main body, and the annual national tax is handed over according to the previous quota.

The city is in chaos, there was an uprising just before, and they don't want to pay to appease them, so letting the landlord pay part of it is the best choice.

However, in fact, this kind of problem is caused indirectly by them.The influx of trade silver, rising prices, and too much export of goods exist in Mincheng. There is no increase in commodities, the increase in land management profits, the dumping of cotton cloth, and the emergence of cotton gins have greatly benefited large-scale cotton planting. The land chose to operate independently and take back the tenancy rights, which led to the influx of many landless people into the city, resulting in an increase in the cost of maintaining stability.

Reasoning with them and asking them to pay is a waste of words, they would rather use twice the money to suppress; they are happy to transfer the conflict to the rural areas.

Under the premise of the immovable ownership system, if they are not afraid of touching the bottom line of the old forces, they are the group of people who most urgently want the land to be nationalized and then privately auctioned. No one is richer than these shareholders and bankers.

Don't think that only the poor want to nationalize land, and that simple nationalization of land is the most radical bourgeois land reform.

From the standpoint of the bourgeoisie, under capitalism, the capitalist is a necessary and dominant production agent, while the landowner is completely superfluous, a useless encumbrance.

Especially under the current circumstances, urban land prices have not yet developed greatly, rural land is in the hands of landlords rather than capitalists, and the bourgeoisie has not yet taken power. Therefore, in various bourgeois economic theories, we wish that the class of landlords will disappear completely, and denounce them. For meaningless superfluous people.

The bourgeoisie and capital have only one word to express their feelings about the land occupied by landlords who live on rent and personal dependence: reckless waste!

Thorough nationalization of land and free competitive leasing of capital will be the most thorough, perfect and purest way to benefit the development of rural capitalism.

The reason why Chen Jian opposed some internal supporters of land nationalization was the same. Most of those who supported land nationalization were subjective sympathizers and kind-hearted people. They went to the countryside and were angry at the oppression of the old forces in the countryside, so they wanted to jump over there and go straight to nationalization—but from the internal logic, what their means led to was the most thorough, perfect, and purest countryside Great development of capitalism.

This is equivalent to being afraid of going east, but not changing to west, but changing from walking to running...

It is reactionary to curb capital involvement and evenly distribute land to ensure small-scale management rights, which is on the road of populism; to implement a collective management system has no foundation for the time being, and there are not enough excellent executors, and the road is easy to go astray; To engage in free competition, it must be maintained for several decades under the premise of curbing capital involvement and equally distributing land to ensure management rights, so that the countryside can accumulate enough capital, otherwise the land will be released and all the land will go directly to capitalists. It is not yet industrialized. Land profits will spontaneously attract huge amounts of external capital.

Today's arable land is like urban land after industrialization, and the purest capitalist land policy can bring about a large-scale influx of capital.

So instead of this, it is better to directly oppose the internal logic of land nationalization at this stage, which is a paradox. Once this path goes wrong, it will be the capital monster that swallows everything and leads to large-scale populist uprisings in the countryside. too big.

Furthermore, although the bourgeoisie with little land at this time welcomed the nationalization of land, they had to consider the consequences.

The bourgeoisie is worried that the negation of one form of private ownership of labor conditions will endanger the stability of another form of private ownership, and the abolition of private ownership of land will cause a chain reaction that will shake the entire capitalist private ownership.Since land can be nationalized, can the rest of the means of production be nationalized?If the rest of the means of production can be nationalized, they can operate as long as the capital exists, and the capitalists will become the same status as the landlords they denounce as cumbersome, and even become managers of state-owned capital. This is what they are extremely disturbed and unwilling to do. have witnessed.

Therefore, under the premise of both support and opposition, seemingly contradictory but fundamentally different starting points for support and opposition, this kind of bourgeois and imperfect land reform is very promising.

It not only guarantees the immovable private ownership system, but also ensures that capital has the opportunity to get involved in the gluttonous feast of dividing up land profits. Although it is not good to eat, it can also be guaranteed that it will only be tried in the name of reform in Min County without worrying about the north that has not yet completed preparations. The counterattack of the old forces.

When they face the powerful alliance of the old forces, they will be weak and waver; but when they face the soft persimmons of the landlords in Min County, they will become hard again.

It’s just that they can only give spiritual support at most. To implement these policies, they have to rely on the organization of the Mexican Party to go deep into the countryside, and rely on the Mexican Party to help them complete the capitalist transformation so that they can have enough food.

This is also the reason why part of the Mexican party understands what Chen Jian said, but is psychologically unable to make it through: We have worked so hard, but in the end we are fed by the most hated capitalists. Even if this is progress, it feels very uncomfortable.

Those who support Chen Jian, the only reason they can support is that this is one step closer to the future goal, but how far they have to go to reach the final step, many people have inevitably been shaken in their hearts: Since it is far away, why? We are not capitalists now, isn't this also progress from a macro perspective?