Reborn Financial Overlord

Is Kuwait rich?

In Kuwait three years ago, the per capita income reached US$[-], and every household could own a car.

But under Iraqi artillery fire, Kuwait is now no different from a refugee camp.

Is Iraq rich?

As the fifth military power in the world and rich in resources, Iraq is not short of money.

But later Iraq was not poor and clanging.

Some people say that war is a good opportunity to make a fortune and a chance to turn things around.

You can take advantage of the war to buy more currencies of other countries in the financial market to achieve wealth growth and overtaking.

In fact, how absurd it is.

Whether it is Kuwait, Iraq or Libya, it has long been proved that if a country does not have complete sovereignty, wealth will be reduced to nonsense in an instant, and currency will be as worthless as waste paper.

Not to mention achieving wealth growth, being able to guarantee survival and preserve human dignity is simply an extravagant hope.

Any country in the world is exclusive.

As a Chinese, I don't have a solid backing that I can really trust. No matter how much money I make, I'm afraid I will become a fat pig to be slaughtered for no reason, and I can't find a place to justify my complaints.

But if you can have the influence of Rolls-Royce, it will be different.

With Rolls-Royce's technological leadership in the field of aerodynamics, it is absolutely possible to add the biggest force and add an accelerator. In the future, even if Maozi wants to be a bandit again after taking a breather, there will be a super force in front of him. on top.

"William. What is wealth?"

"what?"

"Money is just a number. We need to capitalize capital, and we need to capitalize capital, constantly between capital and assets."

After all, William is a top student at the University of Hong Kong, so he immediately understood what Shen Jiannan meant.

"You mean, we control Rolls-Royce? But that's impossible."

"Why not?"

"..."

Chapter 141 The International Monetary Fund's Shot

Don't you have any clues in your mind?

William secretly slandered in his heart.

Before 1987, Rolls-Royce was 100% owned by the British government.

It was not until Mrs. Thatcher came to power to promote the privatization of private state-owned enterprises that the British government listed Rolls-Royce with a total share capital of 100 million at a rate of [-] pounds per share. All of them were sold at the lowest price, and only one gold share, which is the special rights share, was retained.

never had.

This does not seem to fit the definition of a free market in the UK.

With the value of Rolls-Royce, whoever wants to fully control it, how could there be no actual controller.

But the word "freedom" itself is a false proposition.

Any country, whether it is speech or behavior, is bound to be subject to certain constraints.

Although the United Kingdom is an old capitalist country and is also known as a free market country, it still has various protection policies in terms of trade and economy.

The British Securities Commission stipulates that the equity of any individual or legal person must be announced to the public.If the shareholding exceeds 20.00%[-], you must bid to buy all the shares.

And the one gold share held by the British government can be understood as imprisonment.

It means reserved special rights.

It is specifically reflected in: without government approval, Rolls-Royce cannot be merged by any other enterprise or amend the company's articles of association; the shares held by foreign shareholders must not exceed 20.00%70.00; the chairman of the board of directors, the chief executive, and [-]% of the five members of the board of directors must be British citizen.

These points alone are enough to eliminate the possibility of any foreign capital controlling Rolls-Royce.

If that wasn't enough, Rolls-Royce's management mechanism has several layers of insurance.

If the shareholding ratio stipulated by the Securities Commission exceeds 20.00%, it must bid to buy all the shares, so that all companies in the UK do not have an absolute controlling shareholder.

Of course, this also includes Rolls-Royce. Even Rolls-Royce was forced to buy all the shares of Bentley when it bought Bentley.

According to the regulations of the Securities Commission, Rolls-Royce is as dispersed as other listed companies. The total number of shareholders exceeds 50, most of which are small shareholders and a few are major shareholders.Among these few large shareholders, fifteen public funds own more than 40.00% of the total shares of Rolls-Royce, and the largest fund holds about 15.00% of the total shares.

Since the shareholding is quite scattered, and the major shareholders are fund institutions that do not directly intervene in the operation and management of the company, this means that there are no major shareholder representatives on the company's board of directors, and no individual shareholder has control over the board of directors.

In the United States, the chairman and president often work concurrently.

But in the UK it's different.

The highest management body of Rolls-Royce is the board of directors, which consists of 13 members, including eight executive directors and five non-executive directors.The managing director is a full-time salaried manager in Rolls-Royce, including the chairman, president and directors of various departments.

The five non-executive directors are all part-time external employees, most of whom are senior managers of other companies, university experts and professors, and even retired politicians.They are responsible for supervising and evaluating the work of the chairman, president and other executive directors, deciding their remuneration and submitting a list of candidates for annual director re-election to the general meeting of shareholders.

It can only be similar to that of supervisory boards in other countries.

According to Rolls-Royce's Articles of Association, the term of directors is three years, with one-third replaced each term and re-elected.

How can such a company be controlled?

There is simply no way to control it.

Shen Jiannan, a native of Huaxia, blocked all roads on the point that foreign shareholders should not hold more than 20.00% of the shares.

Even in the name of other shareholders and funds, the special authority held by the British government has blocked the way again.

What's more, there are constraints and constraints from the company's management.

Anyway, William thought about it for a long time, and he didn't understand what the point of buying Rolls-Royce's stock was. It's better to go to other companies to get a wave of prices and cut some leeks.

There is absolutely no loophole to exploit!

"Boss, I don't think it's meaningful for us to buy Rollo's stock. Apart from helping them get out of trouble, we may not get any benefits. Do you want to eat their dividends? They had the highest profit margin last year , it’s only five pennies, and I don’t think it’s a bad money-losing product anyway.”

"William, didn't I tell you that in the capital market, nothing is impossible, only everything is possible?"

When did you say that?

"We don't have the super power to change those rules."

"Congratulations, you're right. We don't have superpowers, but we do have money."

"..."

After hanging up the phone, Shen Jiannan walked to the balcony of the office with a cigar in his hand.

In William's eyes, Rolls-Royce's management mechanism is naturally impeccable. In other words, for people of this era, they cannot find the control loopholes in Rolls-Royce's company.

But these, for a hooker 30 years later, are not yet pediatrics.

In the past 30 years, major companies around the world have performed countless times of contests between capital and the government, and how many hostile takeovers and mergers have been staged.

It's not that complicated at all to take control of Luo Luo.

What's more, even if Rollo-Royce doesn't have absolute control, with the depreciation of the pound, the British economy will soon be stimulated to grow, and Rollo-Royce's stock will also rise exponentially. .

But if you win it, it will be a great benefit.

Probably because of the rain, today's weather looks exceptionally clear, with blue sky and white clouds in the clear sky, and with the breeze blowing by, it makes people feel very comfortable. ,

Gently exhaling the smoke from his mouth, Shen Jiannan looked towards the southeast direction, bursts of sparkling colors flashed in his dark eyes.

Who could have imagined that this era is an era in which the way of heaven is reversed and the universe changes.

In this battle for national destiny, who would have thought that the eyes of a rabbit that is harmless to humans and animals will become brighter and brighter.

Night gradually came.

As night fell, the night sky gradually enveloped the entire city of London.

But it didn't become dark here. With the lighting of various neon lights and street lights, it looked like a night pearl floating on the sea.

London's upper-class residential area, Mayfair Park Road.

Grosvenor House Hotel is like a shining golden dragon. Under the golden light, the Georgian architectural style makes people feel its elegance, luxury and style without going in.

Under the bright lights, from the entrance of Hyde Park to the hotel gate and the parking lot, police cars with flashing lights patrolled or parked nearby in twos and threes, and many policemen in uniform or plainclothes were vigilantly sweeping around.

Even the Metropolitan Police Service couldn't get off work on time as usual, and had to pay attention to the security situation near the Grosvenor House Hotel.

Because, there will be a top-level party here tonight. Celebrities and multinational businessmen from many countries around the world will gather here. No one dares to let any accident happen here.

"Barty. Do you know who those bastards are?"

"Do you need to ask? I knew it at a glance. It must be the private bodyguards of those rich people."

"These damn rich people are so afraid of death. They already have so many bodyguards here, and they still want us to protect their safety. I'm already off work, but I still have to work overtime here."

"..."

Not far from the entrance of the hotel, two policemen sat in a police car and complained that they had to be sent to work overtime during off-duty hours.

Unfortunately, their complaints were ignored at all.

For those who make them work overtime, the overtime of the police is not worth mentioning at all compared with the current economic situation.

The French franc has come under enormous pressure during the week of sterling's depreciation, with French Finance Minister Michel Sapin even publicly suggesting that troublesome currency speculators be guillotined.

Neighboring Belgium is also having a hard time. Foreign Minister Willie Kress even said that the UK condoned the reckless behavior of currency speculators, allowing those financiers to plot to divide Europe.

Of course, he would not admit that this was because the Belgian franc was attacked by international speculators during the day. Although the price of the Belgian franc was finally protected by raising interest rates, Belgian banks still lost 30 billion francs.

And the IMF writes about the resulting capital inflows into ERM countries:

One of the important factors promoting capital inflows is that international investors increasingly believe that ERM member countries are in the process of moving closer to the European currency unit. Interest rate differentials will increasingly overestimate the real risk of exchange rate depreciation.

As one portfolio manager put it: "Why hang on to the yields on West Deutsche mark government bonds when you can get higher yields on peseta or lira government bonds without compensating risk?" ?”

However, an alternative view of the fixed exchange rate assumption is that the risk of trading positions against non-EERM currencies is usually avoided through "alternative hedging".

For example, when Lira securities are acquired, a Deutsche mark position is hedged against the US dollar.

The favor for convergent deals can be seen almost everywhere.

One securities portfolio manager claimed that it was viewed as the equivalent of "government-sponsored hedging".

The ERM has fueled the astonishing popularity of a new class of money market mutual funds that trade high-interest short-term securities of foreign governments.

Morningstar estimates that between 1989 and 1992, these funds attracted more than $200 billion in investor capital.

The main securities investment behavior of these funds is convergence trading.

As for the overall size of market positions, the IMF reported: "A rough estimate suggests that the aggregate size of the converged trade could reach $3000 billion."

Chapter 142 The Robber and the God of Wealth

"Boss. It seems that the Americans don't want the matter to come to an end."

"Of course, if I were an American, I would continue to expand my achievements."

"Belgium are looking anxious now, I think they feel bad now."

"..."

Grosvenor House Hotel.

Shen Jiannan was standing on the balcony of a presidential suite admiring the beautiful view of the wealthy district of London. In the living room, the new president of Nanbo Bank, Michel Ulliel, and the president of Jiuding Bank in London, Philip Casio, were chatting in the afternoon from France. and news from Belgium and the IMF.

Michel Ulier's tone sounded very excited. The banker talked about establishing a short position in the franc, his eyes were shining, and he looked like a hyena waiting to see the fat.

It is hard to imagine that he used to work for Société Générale, was born and grew up in Paris, and is a native Frenchman.

Of course, aside from patriotism, Michelle Ulliel's thinking is very clear and very clear.

The idiom "to scare the snake with grass" seems to be a word of accusation, but sometimes, "to scare the snake with grass" always makes people see a lot of things.

Due to geographical location, the economic and financial relations between Belgium and France are very close, and the Belgian franc has been attacked. This means that international speculators are not only trying to make a fortune from Belgium, but also testing the attitude of the Germans towards France. .

The British pound has collapsed, the peseta has collapsed, and the lira has also collapsed. If the Belgian franc collapses again, no one can predict that the next attack will be the Swiss franc.

Once all of these fall into a currency crisis, French law will be like a Gallic chicken surrounded by wolves, no matter how powerful it is, it will eventually be doomed.