Holy Roman Empire

Fortunately, none of this happened. The Austrian army offered to withdraw, which was exactly what Pius IX wanted and saved him a big problem.

The performance of the Austrian army also made Pius IX very satisfied. The military discipline was strict and they never harassed the place.

Perhaps it was because he had a great time cooperating with the Vienna government. Lieutenant General Edmund, the commander of the Austrian army, respected him as the Pope very much, respected him everywhere, and did not cause him any trouble.

Chapter 6 Education Reform

There are three fires for a new official to take office, let alone Franz, the new emperor. If he doesn't make some achievements, how can he be worthy of his status as a time traveler?

"Reform" has become the theme of the government. There are many problems in the Austrian Empire. Even after last year's Great Revolution, a lot of garbage was cleaned up, but the carrion attached to this empire is still there.

Want to cut meat?This is too painful. Franz said that the current Austrian Empire cannot afford to be injured. There is no anesthetic, and it may kill people.

If he wasn't going to die like this, he could only eliminate the hidden dangers bit by bit.Anyway, the serfs had been emancipated, the land issue had been settled, and the working class could barely fill their stomachs.

The bourgeoisie and talkative parties who dare to make troubles have gone through a major purge some time ago, and there are not many left.

Those who survive are all smart people, who know what to say and what not to say; what things can be done and what things cannot be done.

The citizens of Vienna, who have experienced a revolution, hate the revolutionary party to the bone. Who dares to propagate revolutionary ideas to them, keep a fat beating, and then send them to the police station.

So far, the Vienna Police Department has received dozens of such rebels.After several months of law and order rectification, hundreds of rebellious party elements were arrested, which dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of the revolutionaries.

A large part of them were young students, which made Franz very angry, and made up his mind to rectify the Austrian education system.

Freedom of speech is fine, but everyone must be responsible for what they say. Anyone who speaks nonsense, creates rumors, or maliciously slanders must go to prison to reflect.

The school is independent from the government and does not accept the supervision of government departments. It is gone forever.In particular, universities are the focus of supervision.

Before the March Revolution, the University of Vienna refused the police to arrest the revolutionary party, but now it is impossible to happen.

If it does happen, then sorry for all those who hinder the execution of official duties, and go to jail with criminals. There is no such thing as law and justice in Austria.

"Count Huoheng, what specific plans does the Ministry of Education have for strengthening the ideological education of young students?" Franz asked.

The Minister of Education, Earl Leo von Tus Hohen, quickly replied: "Your Majesty, the Ministry of Education has decided to add ideological education teachers in schools to be responsible for the ideological education of students. Once any bad signs are found, they will be killed immediately. .

In order to strengthen the management of the school, the Ministry of Education has decided that the appointment of the main leaders of the school must be reported to the education department for approval, and the same is true for private schools.

The school's annual enrollment number must be reported to the local education department for the record; the faculty and staff hired by the school must be correct in their thinking and have no criminal records.

In order to strengthen the management of universities and colleges, the Ministry of Education will provide reference opinions on the types of majors offered by schools and the number of students enrolled in each major.

The Ministry of Education will determine the amount of financial allocation for each institution in the coming year based on their performance.Schools with frequent problems will be banned and the relevant responsible persons will be held accountable. "

This is to start from the top of the pocket. Education is very expensive. If there is no support from the government, it is estimated that most schools will close their doors just by collecting tuition fees.

In this era, Austria adopts an elite education model. The number of students enrolled in each school is not large, basically only a few hundred people, and the number of teaching staff is also NO.80.

Under such circumstances, without the Ministry of Education's allocation, if the tuition fees for primary and secondary schools are a little higher, and the students are all from rich families, they may barely survive.

It’s not enough to go to university. If you don’t have money, you can’t afford to support experts and professors. Even if you recruit all liberal arts students, you can’t support them.

This is Austria, don't expect social donations, and schools that are not welcomed by the government will also not be welcomed by celebrities.

Franz thought for a while and said: "Supervision work must be paid attention to, and it is very necessary for the Ministry of Education to guide school enrollment.

Some majors that are not needed by the society enroll so many students, and graduation means unemployment. Isn't this misleading students?

While supervising, it is also necessary to implement the education responsibility system, except for problems that can be traced to the person responsible.

The principal of a school is the first responsible person. As a principal, he is responsible for educating every student well. When it comes to classes, we can implement the class teacher responsibility system and designate a teacher to be in charge of a class.

For the specific situation, you should decide according to the actual situation.Before the implementation of compulsory education, we must first manage the existing schools.

This kind of management must pay attention to strategies. While ensuring the smooth progress of teaching work, it is also necessary to strengthen students' ideological education.

However, it is unnecessary to set up a special ideological education teacher, which is very likely to cause a backlash.

We can divide these ideological education into subjects such as history, politics, and language, and list these contents as compulsory contents for entrance examinations.

The Ministry of Education must supervise the entrance examinations so that no one can mess with them.If the children of rich people want to get poor grades, let them pay a school sponsorship fee if they want to go to higher education. Don't let these people mess up our education system. "

Franz is also guarding against the passing of time. If the rich do not leave a way, they will find ways to corrupt the education system. Instead of doing this, it is better to clearly mark the price.

It doesn't matter if you don't pass the exam, you can pay to get in. Whether you can graduate or not is your own problem.If it doesn't work, then you can spend another sum of money and sell your child a graduation certificate.

Prime Minister Felix suggested: "Your Majesty, since we have decided to popularize compulsory education, should we restrict private education now? These private schools are always a hidden danger.

Education is sacred and should not be turned into a tool for some people to seek personal gain! "

His words are not unfounded. After surveying the young students who participated in the Vienna rebellion, it was found that nearly 80.00% of them went out from private schools.

The young students who often participate in demonstrations are basically students from private schools, and public schools usually prohibit students from leaving the campus during class.

In other words, most of the sources of revolutionary ideas spread from these private schools independent of the government system, subtly affecting the life concepts of young people.

The ridiculous thing is that this kind of private school also takes education funds from the Austrian government.In the end, the Austrian government paid the money, and the capitalists made money from it, training a group of anti-government students.

"This is indeed a problem, how does the Ministry of Education plan to solve it?" Franz asked

As an emperor, he didn't have the habit of thinking everything up by himself and letting his subordinates follow suit.

If he really did that, the people below would be idle, and he himself would be exhausted to death.This kind of diligent emperor is usually relatively short-lived, and there are a lot of them in ancient and modern China and abroad.

What's even more tragic is that if one's own experience is not enough, it is easy to do stupid things.Tired and exhausted, the final harvest is thankless, and the representative is Emperor Chongzhen.

The wisdom of a single person is always inferior to the wisdom of a group of people. There are specialties in the art industry, and it is better for professionals to do professional things.

As the emperor, he can revise the plans of his subordinates, or abolish their plans, but he must not let his subordinates make plans.

Count Leo von Tus Hohen replied: "Your Majesty, the Ministry of Education is still discussing this issue, and there are two options for us to deal with.

First, it is forbidden for the private sector to continue to build private schools, and the government pays for the purchase of private schools that have already been established, bringing education into the scope of government management;

Second, stop the education appropriation for private schools, strengthen the examination and approval of the establishment of private schools, and strengthen the management of private schools. "

Both models are attacking private schools, but the first is more extreme.

The Ministry of Education now hates messy thinking. For this reason, nearly a hundred teachers have been expelled from public schools, and some of them have been sent to prison.

Franz sneered and said, "Stop appropriating funds for private schools, since they are private schools, they must be responsible for their own profits and losses.

There is also an investor responsibility system to strengthen the management of private schools.

If there is a large-scale dissemination of illegal ideas in private schools, let the capitalists and principals behind the scenes go to jail together! "

The Austrian government still has to pay attention to the appearance, and it is impossible to solve the problem across the board.In European society, education in this age is a business.

It's just that this is a unique business that has been given a different meaning.People who invest in education in this era are definitely not so-called philanthropists, they are all purposeful.

The children of the lower classes are not qualified to study, even in the cheapest missionary schools, they cannot even afford the most basic paper and pens.

In this general environment, who has the ability to support poor students?This is not one or two, nor 1 or [-], but millions of people who urgently need education.

The reality is far more cruel than what is recorded in textbooks. In this era, Franz is very clear that this is a dark era.

Chapter 7 The Dark Ages

Who would have thought that there are still three or four-year-old child laborers in the factories of the capitalists?Not just one or two people, but hundreds of people appearing.

The life expectancy of these child laborers usually does not exceed 20 years old.Entering the dark factory prematurely will cause their bodies to suffer serious damage.

Among them, Britain is the craziest. As the first place of the industrial revolution, the British Isles have a small population and limited labor force. In order to reduce costs, capitalists turned their attention to women and children.

The salary of an adult male worker can employ 2 female workers and 3 to 7 child workers. The younger the wages, the lower the salary expenditure.

Compared with adults, child labor is obviously easier to manage, and it is easier to suppress strikes. There are a large number of child labor in factories that do not require too much labor intensity.

The sources of these child laborers are also varied. Some of them are forced by the people at the bottom to make a living and send their children to factories; the other part is bought from the trading market.

That's right, child labor is also a commodity at this time. Orphanages, church almshouses, and human traffickers are the biggest sellers, and a very small part is sold by parents.

The bloody factory is the truest social portrayal of this era.

On the one hand, he made huge profits by crazily squeezing child labor, and on the other hand, he portrayed a gentleman in the outside world, donating money to churches and investing in education, which is called subsidizing poor students.

Franz didn't even bother to complain, anyway, he didn't believe that the capitalists would be so kind, just look at the private goods carried in these private schools.

The advanced nature of the capitalist political system will only be available in the future. In this era, countries with a capitalist system are more exploited than feudal aristocrats.

Since Austria's Minimum Wage Act came out, Austrian capitalists' interest in child labor has greatly decreased, which is also related to national conditions.

Austria's industrialization has just started, the demand for labor force is not too big, and its labor force population is large.

After the implementation of the "Minimum Wage Law", the capitalists found that the wages they paid to child laborers had increased significantly, and were not much lower than those of adults, so the temptation was less.

Especially after the government caught several typical workers who were directly punished for bankruptcy, everyone remembered that there is also a "Minimum Wage Law" in Austria.

Prime Minister Felix joked: "Your Majesty, since we introduced the Minimum Wage Law, the number of homeless children in the country has grown dramatically and the government has now become the largest child care center in the world.

According to our statistics, as of three days ago, we had taken in a total of 3.86 children, and this number is still growing.

The capitalists seem to be ready to give up the use of child labor, and now we need to clean up the mess for them. "

On the surface, taking in so many orphans is a burden to the government, but in fact it is a great bonus politically.

In ancient Austria, nobles were deeply influenced by chivalry, and they were still willing to show mercy to the weak without affecting their own interests.

Now that the Austrian government has come forward to take in these vagrants, it has occupied the moral high ground in public opinion, and by the way, it can also condemn the black-hearted capitalists.

Black capitalists are also politically correct in Austria. As the industrial revolution advances, the power of the bourgeoisie will grow rapidly.

Now the Austrian government is relying on the aristocracy to suppress the bourgeoisie, and it may not be able to suppress it in the future. The bourgeoisie with growing strength will reach out to politics sooner or later.

In order to restrain the bourgeoisie, it is very necessary to make some preparations in advance.

Anyway, these are facts, and the media's essential job is to expose social reality.

The more slander and the worse the reputation of the capitalists, the better it is for the Austrian government.If the bourgeoisie dares to mess around in the future, Franz doesn't mind letting them learn what the "iron fist of the Austrian people's dictatorship" is.

Franz thought for a while and said: "This issue is handed over to the Ministry of Education. Earl Huoheng recruited enough teachers as soon as possible to send these homeless children to receive compulsory education.

The government has set up orphanages in major cities to take in homeless children. Some poor families can't afford to raise children, and those who are sent over can be accepted. "

There is only so much he can do. After receiving compulsory education, except for the one percent genius who can enter middle school to continue their studies, these children are about to enter the society.

The reality is really cruel. Even after completing compulsory education, these children are only twelve or thirteen years old. From the perspective of later generations, this is child labor abuse.

Unfortunately, this is the period of the first industrial revolution, and crows all over the world are generally black, so there is no way to accumulate primitive capital.Compared with entering the factory at the age of three or four, this is also a big improvement.

……

The most important thing for any decree is to implement it. Compulsory education has become the highest national policy of the Austrian government, so cracking down on child labor by capitalists has become an inevitable choice.

Ban child labor?This is impossible, not only for the capitalists, but also for the people at the bottom.

There are so many children these days. It is common for ordinary people to have five or six children, and even a dozen or so children. How can they afford to raise them?

If Franz hadn't understood the current social situation and asked the government to bear all the expenses of the compulsory education stage, he would blindly formulate a compulsory education law, and it would probably be another human tragedy in the end.

Vienna

As the core of Austria, it is also the origin of the "Labor Protection Law", and the "Minimum Wage Law" was also promoted from here.

After the Hungarian rebellion was suppressed, the Austrian Empire was at peace.The government canceled local tariffs, abolished serfdom, released a vast rural market, and Vienna's industry and commerce began to flourish.

Looking at the increasing orders every day, Daniel was not happy, but very uncomfortable.As the owner of a water-powered cotton mill, he was the biggest victim of the Minimum Wage Act.

The labor intensity of the cotton spinning factory is not high. After using the machinery, the physical strength and technical proficiency requirements of the workers are lowered, as long as the broken ends are done well.

In order to reduce labor costs, Daniel naturally learned from the successful experience of his British counterparts and hired cheaper women and children into the factory.

But it’s no longer possible. As soon as the minimum wage law came out, child labor in Austria was no longer cheap.

Although the labor cost in this era is low, even if the labor cost is increased, they also have huge benefits, but how can the greed of capitalists be satisfied?

Daniel did not dare to directly violate the law. A realistic example is before him. One of his competitors was fined to bankruptcy by the Vienna government for ignoring labor protection laws.

Looking at the factory director he had hired with a "high salary", Daniel asked, "Wisson, is there any way you can reduce labor costs for me?"

"Sir, why don't we also adopt the piecework system, and set a task that the workers cannot complete, and then deduct their wages?" Weisen suggested sinisterly.

Daniel shook his head and said: "It's useless, I have already consulted a lawyer, the government's reference standard is set by state-owned enterprises, if the piecework system exceeds this standard, we have no right to deduct wages.

Even if the contract is signed, it is useless. The Vienna government will consider it an invalid contract, and we will face a fine of at least [-] times the starting point and no upper limit. "

Since the outbreak of the March Revolution, the Vienna government has become discordant with the capitalists, and the old friendship has no effect.

Now Daniel has become more careful when speaking. If he had encountered this kind of thing before, he would have joined forces with his colleagues to make troubles, but now he dare not.

In case the Vienna government decides that they are plotting a rebellion, they will be killed immediately. He still remembers the great purge in Vienna a few months ago.

If it wasn't for his good luck, he happened to be sick during that time and didn't go to the capitalist party, and he can't continue to work here now.