Beiyang reactionaries

Duan Xun thought for a while and said, "Then what about those thermal power plants?"

"Prime Minister, urban power plants are making money at present. As long as there is a market and demand, they will expand the scale of the power plant themselves. Unlike hydropower plants, thermal power plants are much easier to upgrade."

"continue."

"Yes. And then pharmaceutical manufacturing."

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"The pharmaceutical industry?"

"Yes."

Liang Huankui flipped through the documents in his hand and said, "Prime Minister, among the things my country imports at present, machinery and equipment and daily industrial supplies are the most important, and the next largest import is medicine. Especially with the increase of my country's urban population, the number of hospitals built in my country in recent years There are also more and more people in our country are also accepting western medicine more and more. So now our country needs more and more medicines, and the imported medicines alone cost hundreds of millions of dollars every year.”

"kindness."

The debate between Western medicine and Chinese medicine has never stopped since the introduction of Western medicine to China.

Don't say it is the case now, even 100 years from now.Chinese medicine and Western medicine have been arguing for more than 100 years, but there is still no result.But in fact, the debates that followed were only when everyone was full and had time and spare time to argue.But at this time, as long as it is a city, Western medicine is already crushing Chinese medicine.Not to mention big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, even many counties have begun to have modern hospitals, and their business is better than those of folk Chinese medicine.

Actually it is.

Many Chinese people originally used traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine.However, after Western medicine was introduced to China, especially after those anti-inflammatory drugs entered China, the effect was simply amazing.Although there is no "miracle drug" like penicillin yet, the effect of other anti-inflammatory drugs is already very good.Many diseases that have been unable to be treated at all have been hailed as terminal illnesses.After those western medicines come in, they can be solved quickly.

In fact, when Western medicine was first introduced to China, it was the poor common people who accepted Western medicine.Because those rich people, the gentry class had famous doctors to treat them, so they resisted the introduction of Western medicine.It's just that as more and more common people accept western medicine, the effect of western medicine is fast, so some high-ranking officials gradually accept western medicine.Big shots like Li Hongzhang also began to trust Western medicine.To see a doctor for my concubine, after Chinese medicine didn't work, I finally chose Western medicine.

And the group of people who studied abroad in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China strongly criticized Chinese medicine after returning to China.Including Tang Erhe, the former Minister of Education who is currently a cabinet member, they directly advocate the abolition of Chinese medicine.After the Revolution of [-], these returnees gained power and began to vigorously support the development of Western medicine and suppress Chinese medicine.

As a result, Western medicine developed faster and faster across the country within a few years.

In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), the Beiyang government officially recognized Western medicine.This is the first time that the Chinese government officially recognized Western medicine and listed Western medicine and Chinese medicine as equal.In this way, Western medicine, which was originally only developed among the people, has been recognized by the government.The attitude of the Beiyang government made the development of Western medicine in China even more rapid.

And Duan Xun is the same.

After Duan Xun came to Beijing in 1920, he also vigorously developed Western medicine.Not only did it not suppress the development of Western medicine, but it even supported the development of Western medicine.Duan Xun didn't study medicine, so he doesn't know who is really good between Western medicine and Chinese medicine.Duan Xun didn't quite understand the debate between the two sides.

But Duan Xun only knows one thing.

That is, it is too difficult to cultivate Chinese medicine.As many people have said, it doesn't take long to train a Chinese medicine doctor. It may take ten or twenty years to become a doctor and see a doctor.Moreover, Chinese medicine pays attention to the so-called understanding.The more outstanding a Chinese medicine practitioner is, the more time and understanding is needed.

But Duan Xun didn't have that time.

There is still enough time to train qualified Chinese medicine practitioners by waiting for enlightenment to appear among the younger generations of Chinese medicine practitioners.Besides, Chinese medicine is like many other things in China. It pays attention to what is passed on to men and not to women, and what unique secrets and so on.It's all one-on-one.How can China wait for such a training model.Compared with western medicine training, it is much simpler.

As long as you study for a few years, you can see a doctor in general.And it is very easy to cultivate.A few teachers in a university can train hundreds or even thousands of doctors within a few years.

Compared with the efficiency of Western medicine, the cultivation of Chinese medicine is too slow.

Duan Xun doesn't need a doctor who is too clever. What Duan Xun needs at this stage is a doctor who can treat ordinary diseases.For a big country like China, as long as it can eliminate infectious diseases and diseases caused by unhealthy sanitation, then it will be fine.

It is precisely because of this attitude that the current task of the Ministry of Health is to train doctors with sufficient medical literacy.In recent years, the development of medicine in China is still very fast.In order to train doctors and nurses as soon as possible, in addition to universities, there are a lot of junior colleges and technical secondary schools for training doctors.More than 3000 doctors and nurses leave school every year.

Although in a big country like China, such medical staff are still a drop in the bucket.But compared to before, it is still a lot of progress.

Most of the doctors in the hospitals built in Chinese cities are trained in Western medicine.In the face of the regular army of Western medicine, Chinese medicine is still independent and follows the model of small-scale peasant economy.

So the decline is also fast.

At present, in so many hospitals, all the medicines they need are imported, and they are all Western medicines.The amount of medicines imported every year is very large, which costs China a lot of foreign exchange.

It has even become a bulk item among Chinese imports.

"Prime Minister, and this number has been increasing. At present, large hospitals have been established in major cities in China, and hospitals have also been established in many counties. The medicines used are all Western medicines. Therefore, the annual consumption of Western medicines in our country is very large now. .If left unchecked, my country's annual imports of western medicine may exceed one billion in a few years."

The population is large and the market is large.

This is the case.China is still in a very poor state and is still an agricultural country.But even so, China's urban population is almost [-] million.The population of these cities alone is already larger than the population of most countries.Among the world's powerful countries, the only countries with a population of more than [-] million are the United States and the Soviet Union.

But China has a large population, and the urban population alone is already [-] million.

Everyone has a headache and brain fever, and if they buy some medicine at will, the sum will add up to an astonishing statistic.If a person spends one dollar a year, that is [-] million.If a person spends ten yuan a year on medicine, that is one billion yuan.

Not to mention that the medicines are now imported, and those medicines are very expensive.With the improvement of the domestic economy, people spend more and more money on medical treatment.At that time, more and more western medicines will be imported.

This point has also been noticed by the Economic and Development Commission.

Therefore, in the formulation of the second five-year plan, we are going to completely change this situation.

"There are more and more hospitals in our country, and more and more drugs are imported. But at present, our country is completely blank in the field of drug manufacturing. At present, my country can still produce some medical equipment and gauze used in hospitals. But the drugs are really It is a blank, nothing at all. Our country has no foundation in this area. Therefore, the Economic and Development Commission hopes to develop my country's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in the second five-year plan and end the history of our country's inability to manufacture these western medicines. Medicine The industry market is huge, and if our pharmaceutical industry develops, we can reduce imported drugs and save a large amount of foreign exchange for our country. Moreover, our country can develop its own drugs, which is also of great benefit to the development of our country's health industry."

What a big build.

It is to focus on supporting and building important areas on the basis of the existing industry, and to fill the gap in the country.This is the case with large projects.

For example, hydroelectric power plants and pharmaceutical manufacturing industries all focus on development on the basis of the original.Improve China's industrial strength.

In the Second Five-Year Plan, the Economic and Development Commission identified four major projects and 23 key projects.

Six hydroelectric power plants are one, and so is the pharmaceutical industry to be developed now.The pharmaceutical industry is an industry based on physical chemistry, and it is impossible to develop the pharmaceutical industry without a certain foundation.

China's First Five-Year Plan has a certain foundation in the field of physical chemistry.That's why the second five-year plan dared to enter the pharmaceutical industry.Without the foundation laid by the First Five-Year Plan, how would China dare to set foot in the pharmaceutical industry.

"What is the specific method?"

"Choose a city with a good chemical foundation to build four large pharmaceutical factories to produce common medicines currently used in hospitals. After consideration by the Economic and Development Commission, the choice is four cities: Chongqing, Chengdu, Shanghai, and Harbin. Chengdu has a large number of colleges and universities, because It was the Prime Minister who started to build a group of universities when he served as the governor of Sichuan. Therefore, the development of more than ten years has led to a large number of students majoring in chemistry in Chengdu, and its scientific research strength is very strong. Both Chongqing and Shanghai are places with well-developed industries, and there are also many chemical factories. , the industrial foundation is quite good, and the talent pool is sufficient. Harbin has developed rapidly in recent years. Because it is the economic center, trade center, and financial center of Northeast China, it has strong financial strength and many international talents. These four cities are After several investigations and reflections, it was finally determined."

Liang Huankui continued: "But because we have no experience in this field and no technical foundation. Therefore, the Economic and Development Commission is going to contact foreign countries and get the support of foreign pharmaceutical companies. The four pharmaceutical factories cooperate with different countries, so that we can learn from them. Absorb different experience and technology. Either choose to directly import their machinery equipment and technology, or invite their technicians to help build. We have talked with some foreign pharmaceutical companies, and then calculated. We want to build four A large pharmaceutical company can produce most of the standing medicines, so it needs to invest at least 2 million yuan."

Both are big investments.

The reason why it is called a key support project is because all of them require large investment.Moreover, the projects supported by this kind of key support are not small factories, but large companies that can immediately boost an industry.

"Around [-] million. Which countries are you planning to cooperate with?"

"Our preliminary plan is to choose four of the five countries of Britain, Germany, the United States, the Soviet Union and Japan. Technically speaking, the technology of Britain, the United States and Germany is the strongest, and the technology of the Soviet Union and Japan lags behind them. But at present, my country and Japan cooperate more , it is easy to get the support of Japan. And at present, a large part of the medicines we import are imported from Japan. As for the Soviet Union, Northeast my country has a lot of cooperation with the Soviet Union, and there are [-] Soviets in Harbin. There are many possibilities for cooperation. Therefore, the Economic and Development Commission is currently in contact with various countries to see who has better conditions. Because we want to build”

Duan Xun nodded.

Duan Xun was just curious.Duan Xun needs to approve the big plan reported by the Economic and Development Committee, but what they do in the middle is all specific work, and Duan Xun will not intervene.

So he said: "Continue."

"Yes. Prime Minister, and then the machine tool industry."

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"The third is the machine tool industry."