the world is at stake

Although in absolute terms, China's industrial capacity is still extremely weak.For example, in 51, the steel output of the Soviet Union exceeded 3000 million tons, while that of China was less than 100 million tons.

But the Soviet Union must fully evaluate the speed of industrialization in New China and consider the consequences of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States—is it a big disadvantage or a big advantage?

There was a quarrel within the CPSU, and as far as Vyshinsky knew, aiding China's industrialization had become the mainstream of consciousness.The reason is simple-NATO, which was established in 49, put more and more pressure on the Soviet Union.

The threat of China's industrialization is in the future, and now the Soviet Union is in all-round competition with Western countries headed by the United States.Distinguishing primary and secondary contradictions is the basic quality of a leader.

Rushing to launch the first satellite, rushing to send the first astronaut to the sky, rushing to build the first space station.Many things that netizens in later generations cannot understand have real meaning in the present.

All this is just to prove that the Soviets are the best system in the world.

The No. 20 coal-fired power plant in Imperial City is just a very ordinary factory, lagging behind the mainstream of the world by more than [-] years in terms of scale and technical level.

After Vyshinsky left the power plant by car, he glanced at the dilapidated houses and urban areas on both sides of the road.Pieces of low-rise houses were pushed to the ground, and several 'imported' American excavators were excavating the foundation.

Power lines were pulled along the road, apparently to burn the night.

There were men, women and children on the construction site, all dressed in dusty homespun padded jackets, very rustic in appearance.These people get together to work, but what they build is a modern factory.

Wiesinskett got out of the car and took a look.The construction site management is quite standardized. Those who can come to work are the revolutionary masses, and those who dare to steal, rape and play tricks will be eliminated.

The main reason is that the treatment on the construction site is good, and among other things, they eat meat every meal.This alone makes all the construction workers dare not do anything wrong, and the loss of being fired is too great.

As for the meat...

"Do you eat canned meat from the United States?" Vyshinsky asked to look at the kitchen on the construction site, and found that all the canned meat calculated by head was American.

Looking at the production date, many of them are leftovers from World War I. They have been stored in warehouses for more than [-] years, and they were transported across the ocean to China.

"You are really eating American canned food, driving American equipment, and building socialism in your own country." Vyshinsky couldn't help but joked.

Xiao Jinlang was listening to the Russian translation, and couldn't help but said: "Western powers have bullied us for hundreds of years, what is it to eat some canned food from them? We still have to dig their corners and be their gravediggers."

Chapter 102 Transistor

After Zhou Qingfeng's "Bad Film" made money, it greatly relieved the exhausted financial resources of the "Sacred Light" team, allowing them to purchase some goods that improve people's livelihood.

The 'Holy Light' team not only purchased low-priced food from the Soviet Union, but also tried their best to check the stocks in the United States-the amount of food waste by Yankees is shocking.

Sea freight volumes from the US to China have grown in recent months.

Among them are not only industrial equipment, but also some old military supplies, and even the discarded 'offspring' from major food companies in the United States.

In order to process these pigs, cattle and sheep, Sun Luoji deliberately hired a lot of cheap old ink to run food processing factories, specializing in the production of canned meat.

In order to save costs, a can weighs [-] kilograms, which is very heavy.

What Vyshinsky saw on the construction site was only canned meat in stock, and canned food in large tin buckets was generally used to supply the factory canteen.When the canteen masters saw it, they lamented that Americans are too wasteful. They are all good meat without skin and bones, but they just don’t form chunks.

In addition to meat, there is also fat, which is more abundant.After all, it is difficult for many "pig offal" to make canned meat, but it is easy to transport and store when boiled into oil.

The first few batches of 'Freedom Ships' that arrived on the mainland returned to the United States again for transportation.Recently, the animal fats and oils shipped from the United States came ashore by sea, and they came in tens of thousands of tons.

These days, pigs have to be raised to be big and fat, and the price of lean meat is far less expensive than fat meat.Oils and fats from the United States are currently used as the best nutritional supplements and are used as rewards for heavy physical laborers, and are very popular.

But in Vyshinski's eyes, it's just a few cans, not worth mentioning.As for the lively scene on the construction site, it used to be like this when the Soviet Union was founded, and it can't be called so amazing.

Re-boarding the car, Xiao Jinlang accompanied the Soviet guests to the next place to visit.He probably figured out what Vyshinsky was thinking, quietly asked the driver to change the route, and wanted to show the guests some shocking high-tech.

Maozi, great power chauvinism is deeply rooted.If you want it to be respected and get along with each other as equals, you have to show some strength.

Teito Semiconductor Research Institute.

This is led by 'Master Yang' in the 'Holy Light' team.They originally designed the 'J-[-]', but now it is too complicated to design an aircraft, so it is better to do something simpler and quicker to pay.

Vyshinsky went through layers of security checks and walked into an unremarkable two-story building in the western city of the imperial capital.When you enter the first floor, you will find that the inside is closed, with a positive pressure design, and the air flow must be filtered.

"What workshop is this?"

Vyshinsky was still interested in this place with clean windows.Compared with a hot power plant, or a dusty construction site, this place looks upscale.

"The reduction method is used to produce crude silicon here." Xiao Jinlang could only stand outside the transparent glass window and briefly introduce the production status. "The equipment is 'imported' from abroad, such as high-power special electric furnaces from the UK."

Britain and France are considered the most thieves in Western countries.

Maozi's first-generation jet engine is the technology given by the United Kingdom, otherwise the manufacture of the 'MiG' series fighters will face big trouble.The United States can easily form a dominance situation.

France is also as long as it can make money, everything is easy to discuss.Many of Maozi's high-tech sources are imported from France as a whole, which can make the old beauty alive.

During the Korean War, the Soviet Union could not buy rubber, but British businessmen were able to sell thousands of tons of natural rubber to China for resale.Therefore, in the semiconductor research institute run by 'Master Yang', there are a lot of equipment from Britain and France.

Crude silicon needs to be purified again after it comes out of the electric furnace, which requires the use of smelting and purification equipment and chemicals recently obtained from the United States, making the relevant research progress rapidly.

"What is this doing?" Vyshinsky still didn't understand what kind of workshop he was visiting.He can't understand most of the equipment, but an electric furnace for pulling crystals is very attractive.

"It is a monocrystalline silicon Czochralski furnace designed by ourselves." Xiao Jinlang is very proud of it.The stove was laborious to build, but it was powerful.

The ten-centimeter crystal pillar was slowly pulled out of the liquid high-temperature silicon solution, and only this action was studied since November last year until now.

This is still a situation where a lot of practical experience is used as a reminder, and various difficult problems are still encountered.After all, there is really nothing to do in the current China to engage in scientific research.

After the crystal column comes out, it is cut into wafers, and the follow-up is another difficulty-doping.

The high-purity monocrystalline phosphorus and monocrystalline boron required for 'doping' were secretly purchased from the United States, and brought back together with scientists such as Qian Xuesen when they returned to China last time.

This is not used in large quantities, and a batch can be used for a long time.

The 'doped' wafers are then diced into small pieces to produce packaged diodes and transistors.This looks simple, but in fact there are hundreds of complicated processes in the middle.

All production equipment and materials rely entirely on 'imports', but the results are undoubtedly a breakthrough.

In the 'Sacred Light' team, apart from Xiao Jinlang and Zhou Qingfeng who worked outside, half of the dozen or so people who entered the dungeon were technicians, and they concentrated on semiconductors.

The earliest transistors are different from those of later generations, and can be regarded as crude benzene.But this epoch-making device has too many advantages over electronic tubes - power saving, compact, stable, and cheap.

"What can this thing do?"

Vyshinsky walked around the secrecy workshop, and finally saw some finished products in the exhibition room.In addition to triodes and diodes, there are also inconspicuous but indispensable gadgets such as capacitors and resistors.

"Uh...you can make more portable radios." Xiao Jinlang once asked 'Chief Master Yang', can we have high-performance computers after making transistors?

'Master Yang' rolled his eyes, saying that those who don't understand technology and production, please don't come out to make trouble casually--a layman directs an expert to cause trouble.

There is a huge difference between transistors and computers with transistors.

The radio was too light, Lao Xiao continued: "Transistors can produce lighter radios, and can improve the current crossbar telephone switches. It can make radar see farther, filter better, and save power."

The current electronic products are too limited, Lao Xiao held back for a long time, the only thing that can touch Vyshinsky is the radio and radar.The latter said 'hmm' a few times, probably knowing that the Chinese comrades have come up with a 'better electronic tube'.

This view can make 'Master Yang' so depressed that he vomits blood.

The United States has made practical transistors, but they have no practical products.The first transistor radios were to hit the market in '54 and cost close to $50.It is equivalent to an iphone in later generations.

The ability to pull out silicon wafers and create transistors is a technology that was only available in 58.Now the 'Holy Light' team cheated and entered production seven years in advance.

Vyshinsky is obviously clueless.He congratulated the Chinese comrades for their achievements, and said that as long as the price is right, he is willing to purchase a batch to offset the loan and ease China's financial pressure.

This is all formulaic bureaucracy.Xiao Jinlang, who hoped to become a blockbuster, was very disappointed, and he couldn't use this as a bargaining chip to ask for anything more.

The visit to the Semiconductor Research Institute was not as long as the power plant.After all, there is only a two-story building here, except for the high power consumption and the buzzing equipment, there is nothing new about it.

After Vyshinsky left, Lao Xiao found the 'General Master Yang' who was sitting here, and sighed: "It seems that the Soviets are not interested in our scientific breakthroughs."

'Master Yang' laughed, "Suppose one day you go to Africa, the local aborigines take you into a thatched hut to show off the vibranium technology of 'Wakanda'. How do you feel? Do you feel like you are a liar or an idiot? ?”

Old Xiao suddenly laughed, "This metaphor is really hurtful. Are we so bad?"

"It's a fact. The per capita GDP of many African countries is higher than that of China." "Master Yang" also had no choice but to say, "We made a batch of radio samples, and the shells can only be made of wood.

This is currently the most advanced radio in the world. I wanted to make a more beautiful shape and color to attract customers, but finally found that the technology was not enough to do it.Do you think this is aggrieved or not? "

"So it's hard for us to make money from this?"

"The output must come first, and the current most profitable market is in the United States. The socialist camp's market is too small, and its purchasing power is far inferior to that of Western countries. This is a strategic flaw."

Lao Xiao and 'General Master Yang' were complaining to each other, but Vyshinsky, who had left, returned to the Soviet embassy with the transistor samples he had received.He wants to write a report on the current state of China's national strength, and he also needs to dabble in science and technology.

A transistor radio was handed over to the embassy's science and technology counselor for testing, and there were also device samples from the Semiconductor Research Institute—these were all sharp weapons intended to open up the market for the socialist camp.

At present, there are a large number of scientific and technological assistance projects between China and the Soviet Union, and the counselors of the embassy are still very familiar with such gadgets as radios.When he got the radio, he felt that it was small and light. After carefully reading the manual, he found that it was actually powered by batteries.

Electronic tubes consume a lot of power, and radios made with them have wires.The field station needs to be maneuverable and has to use batteries as a last resort, so it must be equipped with a hand-cranked generator.

Military personnel all over the world want to create power-saving radio stations, which will greatly reduce the communication burden during combat and improve convenience.The volunteers in North Korea have their own needs in this regard.

In addition to being battery powered, the transistor radio given to Vyshinski was too light and small.

The Soviet counselor held a light radio and almost thought it was a toy.But when he inserted the battery according to the instructions, and turned the knob to adjust the frequency, he really received the People's Radio in the imperial capital.

"It's not a toy, and it's highly sensitive." The Soviet Counselor was even more surprised.

For the electron tube to work, the cathode needs to be heated, and there will be a short warm-up period.Transistors work directly, there is no need for this at all, and their operating frequency can easily be very high.

The Soviet counselor couldn't help taking apart the good sample directly, wanting to see the mysteries inside.As a result, he didn't see a light bulb-like tube, but a small circuit board full of various flying wires.

Take out a tool such as a multimeter to measure the voltage and power consumption.Even with the loudest horn, the current is less than one-tenth of that of a tube radio.

For God's sake, it's a waste of money to use this device to make radios.

Considering the casual remarks made by the foreign minister when he asked for a test sample, this is the latest achievement of the Chinese comrades in electronic technology-this achievement is too new.

The embassy counselor couldn't sit still anymore, and hurried to the minister's office to ask for more inside information.

Vyshinsky still didn't take it seriously, "I know about transistors. The latest technology in the United States. Our country also has similar products."

The counselor shook his head violently, "No, there are no transistors with such a small size and low power consumption in the United States. The Chinese comrades have obtained a breakthrough technological invention this time. It makes transistors practical and is going to change the world."

Chapter 103

The ignorant Vyshinsky left the semiconductor research institute, and Xiao Jinlang sat in the office of the research institute with 'Mr. Yang' worrying.Especially the eyes of 'General Master Yang' were so tired that they looked like pandas.

"How is the current situation of the research institute?" Lao Xiao asked with concern: "I see that the reports you wrote are all good news about breaking through this breakthrough and that, so there is no difficulty?"

'Master Yang' was stunned for a moment, then sneered and said, "It is because there is little good news that I have to report it. If you want to ask what is difficult, it is better to say what is not difficult. Because difficulties are everywhere."

It's really bittersweet to say.

'Master Yang' pointed to his humble office, "There were only seven of us at the beginning, and with your help and nonsense, we managed to get over thirty people, and built a building as a shelter.

Since it opened in November last year, it is still one month away from the anniversary.It would be exhausting for thirty or so people to get familiar with the equipment from abroad.

When the dungeon entered the second stage, our forecast was too optimistic. We always felt that the first generation of transistors was very simple, and laymen could do it with a little learning.

But in actual work, I found out that the words "one poor and two white" are really worrying to death?

Let's just say that we copy the knockoff crystal ingot furnace.Heat transfer, mass transfer, turbulent flow, thermal radiation interaction between melt and gas, and various physical fields interfere with each other.

It takes two months to complete an industrial production of this thing, and the good product rate is less than 50.00%.Screw it up and have to do it again for two months.

Not to mention that wafer doping requires a dust-free ultra-clean workshop.Just to filter the air, do you know how much effort we have spent?

One brother has been in the workshop for three months, eating, drinking, and messing around.Because one trip in and out is equivalent to polluting the entire workshop, it is really unaffordable to lose. "

Alas... Lao Xiao also sighed.

Originally, I wanted to show the big brother of the Soviet Union something good, so that the other party could intuitively feel the charm of modern technology.Then I met someone who didn't know the goods, and regarded the transistor as a 'better tube'.

According to the expectation of the 'Holy Light' team, it is hoped that Big Brother will take a fancy to transistor technology, and then offer more assistance in exchange.Although New China has already taken a lot of materials and projects, it is still a drop in the bucket for the whole country.

At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's population had exceeded 5 million, and food was a big problem.

Many impoverished areas can only eat sweet potatoes, and if they can eat 'corn on the cob noodles', they can improve their food.Therefore, the country needs to build water conservancy, improve farmland, improve pesticides and fertilizers, and innovate agricultural technology.

The people need more steel and coal, they need to build roads for towns and villages across the country, they need to wipe out stubborn bandits, they need medicine and health care, and they need many, many products from the first and second industrial revolutions.

Talking about cars is too extravagant, and being able to replace farmers' wooden carts with rubber tires is a huge improvement.

To be able to hang an electric speaker in each village to listen to the programs of the Central People's Broadcasting Station, and to let the people in the poor valley understand the outside world is to enlighten the whole people.

In the eyes of many ordinary people, the factory doesn't feel much. The tens of thousands of tons of animal fat shipped from the United States every month is more expensive than any electric lights and telephones.

"We are still too poor." 'Master Yang' tightened his belt, and said bitterly: "A brother is an electromechanical expert, and his weight is also an expert-level [-] kilograms. He has high blood fat, high blood sugar, and high blood pressure. .

The doctor said that if he didn't lose weight, he wouldn't live long.But he said that he was used to it and couldn't lose weight.But at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, what can't be reduced?

This year's diet is really 'healthy'.

The cafeteria serves "recalling bitterness and thinking sweet" meals twice a day, and eating sweet potatoes makes people feel sour in their stomachs.The fat trousers he was wearing had long been dismantled by a tailor and changed into two large underpants.The weight has been reduced to [-] kilograms, and all the problems of wealth and honor are gone.

Last month, the cafeteria served bibimbap with lard, and everyone lost their souls around the aroma, rushing to grab it like a frying pan.It was me who scolded with a straight face that made an even distribution.

We all shed tears after eating it. It was the first time we realized that lard was so delicious.It is only now that I know that the chairman eats braised pork as a teeth-beating festival. This statement is not a joke. "

Tens of thousands of tons of oil per month, how much?Very little.

You can only get one point in big cities, and the families of model workers and martyrs get more points.In addition, give some tilt to key units, so that intellectuals like 'Mr. Yang' can have a few meals.

And then...it's gone.