I am the king of the dead

"Oh? What is it?" Zhu Qiyu liked craftsmen's discoveries and inventions very much.

As we all know, His Majesty has some strange hobbies.

For example, I like machinery very much, so I specially set up a temple of Mo Di in the ten calendar bureaus to worship Mo Di.

Xu Siqi opened his mouth and said: "All lime is burnt and used. After it has been made into quality, it will never be broken in water. Hundreds of millions of boats, billions of walls, suffocating the gaps to prevent adultery, must be used."

"Within a hundred miles or so, there must be burnt stones in the soil. The stones are blue in color, followed by yellow and white."

"Later, I applied to the Ministry of Rites to read the annals of the Longjiang Shipyard during the Yongle period, and discovered a method of making lime."

Xu Siqi took out a square stone and said, "This is it."

Zhu Qiyu took it over and looked at it for a long time. This is a cement bump that is very common in later generations...

Xu Siqi continued to speak: "This kind of lime mixed with tung oil can be used to fill the gaps between ship planks, and it can also be used for piles. The pond bottoms of the upper four docks and the lower four docks of the Longjiang Shipyard will be smeared with this kind of lime first." Lime, water cemented crushed stone."

"There are also some pillars under which there will be this kind of lime. This kind of thing hardens with water, which is very convenient and quick."

Zhu Qiyu is convinced that it is cement, that is, hydraulic lime.

"It can be used to pave roads, plaster walls, caulk joints, and build walls. It has a wide range of uses. The driver's department has already tried to use it to pave roads, and the effect is excellent." Xu Siqi discovered a very useful lime and was very satisfied. excitement.

Zhu Qiyu felt a little emotional, Daming really has everything.

"Is this thing easy to make?" Zhu Qiyu asked about the craftsmanship, but if you can't mass produce it, what are you talking about?

Xu Siqi hurriedly said: "It's simple, crush the burnt stone (limestone), grind it with a pounding mill, add clay, and put it in the lime furnace for calcination."

The code name given to cement by history is lime.

Isn't it just lime?hydraulic lime.

Limestone and clay are thrown into a kiln for sintering, and the most primitive cement appears.

But also to add clay, or silicate lime.

"Where is the paved road? Take me to see it." Zhu Qiyu said with great interest.

Watching a group of people scratching their heads with a math paper that is equivalent to a sixth grade, how can it be interesting to watch Ming craftsmen inventing and creating?

This is all productivity!

Chapter 489 Let Daming Move!

Under the leadership of Xu Siqi, Zhu Qiyu followed him to the first place that could be called a road in the Ming Dynasty.

A tree-lined path stretches straight into the distance.

Next to the path, there are oaks and teak trees from Nanyang. These oaks were introduced and planted by the Sanbao eunuch from overseas, and have a history of nearly 40 years.

It’s just that teak is mostly used for ship decks in Daming, so the use of oak is mainly to analyze oak firewood. Oak has luxuriant branches and leaves, and when viewed from a distance, it looks like a big green velvet umbrella opened.

There are a few migratory birds who have just returned from the north singing and chirping in the tree, which is very lively.

The sunlight passed through the gaps in the branches, and the mottled light spots penetrated the dense forest and sprinkled on the concrete road.

The wind blew through the leaves, making a whirling sound, shaking the spots of light on the ground, and interlacing one after another of light and shadow.

And there was just a spring rain last night, and the soil in the woods gave off a moist earthy smell, mixed with the fragrance of green grass, which made people feel refreshed.

Zhu Qiyu stepped on the cement road, and the hardened road under his feet was a road of cement and gravel.

To the extent of Daming's understanding, water lime is still used to cement stones, so the surface of this road is still somewhat bumpy.

"Your Majesty, in summer, the roads from Kyushu outside the mountain to Xuanfu, and Xuanfu to the capital are extremely rugged, muddy and impassable, but the hardened road surface will not have such troubles at all." Xu Siqi looked at This hardened road, said proudly.

Zhu Qiyu strode along this tree-lined path, behind him were several craftsmen from Shijing Factory and the guards of Jin Yiwei.

The solid road, walking on it, feels very solid.

He tilted his head and asked, "How was it built?"

Xu Siqi made a gesture of invitation, led the majesty to the side of the road under construction and said: "First dig the foundation for more than a foot, add a foot of plain soil, crush it with stones, add a foot of lime soil and then Crush it with a stone and repeat it."

"In the last three feet, stone mills were used to hew it, and finally the wooden boards were laid, and lime, stones, and gravel were added and mixed together."

Zhu Qiyu pointed to a craftsman tapping the steel bars in the cement and asked, "What is this doing?"

Could it be that Daming is so extravagant that when paving the road, he still adds steel bars? !

Although Daming was very rich, he was not so extravagant as to throw steel bars on the road.

Xu Siqi hurriedly said: "The purpose of inserting the steel bars is to shake them to prevent the limestone from drying out and forming gaps. The limestone solidifies quickly. If you don't shake it, it will burst when the heat expands and contracts in the cold and hot summer. .”

"There will be a half-finger-wide slit every three feet, just to make it swell up in summer."

Xu Siqi explained the mystery to His Majesty one by one.

For example, before laying water lime, the road surface must be leveled first, and this leveling will have a road arch, and this road arch is for the road surface to have a certain curvature to facilitate drainage, and there will be ditches on both sides of the waterway for drainage. Prevent water accumulation on the road.

Zhu Qiyu nodded again and again, the craftsmen of Daming are not stupid, on the contrary, they have considered all aspects.

Zhu Qiyu stepped on the ground hard and said, "But will the horses be very uncomfortable when running on this road?"

The cement pavement is a hardened pavement. If the horse runs on the road, the horseshoe and the hardened pavement will meet head-to-head. Will there be any problems?

Xu Siqi hurriedly said: "This minister naturally thought of it, so this road has not yet been completed."

"We plan to lay asphalt on the surface to reduce the damage to the ground and horses caused by the collision between the horse's hooves and the ground." Xu Siqi took out a bottle of black tar and said, "This is my solution."

"The bitumen left over from the coal tar distillate paves the way."

Xu Siqi has a heart of obedience, His Majesty is very busy, how dare Xu Siqi let His Majesty wait for a long time?

Distillation is an important method of processing petroleum. The tribute of Ming Dynasty is divided into light oil and heavy oil. Because the output of petroleum asphalt is too small, it is mainly used to treat skin diseases of livestock.

Xu Siqi looked at His Majesty's questioning eyes, and hurriedly said: "During the process of preparing charcoal, we found that there will be a dark brown viscous liquid with a very pungent smell left in the feeder."

"It's this dark liquid like petroleum that I have in my hand, and then we start distilling it, and what's left is bitumen."

"We got several products from the fraction, the first being this light oil fraction."

Xu Siqi took another bottle of brown light oil from the person next to him, and handed it to Xing'an.

Zhu Qiyu had two bottles of oil in his hand, one was dark brown coal tar and the other was brown light oil, both of which had labels attached.

Xu Siqi introduced: "Your Majesty, this is coal light oil obtained from distilled light oil. It can be used as antiseptic oil for ships, but its antiseptic effect is much worse than that of tung oil. Since we have tung oil, there is no need to use it for antisepsis. gone."

Tung oil is paint, which will form a dense protective layer on the surface of the wood. The annual overhaul of ships is mainly to apply tung oil.

Although coal light oil can also prevent corrosion, the effect of coal light oil is much worse than that of tung oil.

Although coal light oil can be used in emergencies, Daming does not lack tung oil production areas, let alone the production process of tung oil, so there is no need to settle for the second best.

Tung oil is still irreplaceable in the construction of ships, especially wooden ships.

"This kind of coal light oil is very good for lighting lamps." Zhu Qiyu handed the bottle of coal light oil to Xing'an and said.

Minggong's lamp oil is light oil extracted from petroleum, which is roughly a mixture of gasoline and diesel oil. After pumping, pressurizing and preheating, it will become a blowtorch. The blowtorch hits asbestos and limestone, giving a white glow.

Coal light oil is not as bright as this, but it is suitable for entering thousands of households and used as a kerosene lamp.

The operation of the light oil blowtorch is cumbersome, and the raw materials for the light oil blowtorch are extremely scarce in the Ming Dynasty. The production of the light oil blowtorch is very difficult. There are many reasons, and it cannot be widely used.

But the brown-yellow light oil after the kerosene light oil fraction has no such concerns at all.

"Yes, Your Majesty." Xu Siqi bowed his head and said, "This kind of kerosene lamp has already been used in the craftsman school and martial arts hall, and it can be used with a cotton sliver."

Zhu Qiyu agreed with Xu Siqi's approach very much. He thought carefully for a long time and said: "It's a good thing, the person who finds this thing can judge the top card at the end of the year. Everyone can judge and everyone can reward."

"Thank you Your Majesty for your grace." Xu Siqi hurriedly thanked him.

It is not so easy to get the first merit card. The officials on duty in the Ming Dynasty Hall can only watch helplessly as the craftsmen take the first merit card and the odd merit card.

Soldiers and craftsmen got most of the extraordinary merit cards and the first merit cards.

Thousands of households have a lamp, which is a pursuit of Hu Wei, or etiquette. For this reason, Hu Wei did not hesitate to hang around with a bright lamp.

Yearning for light is human instinct.

And with lighting, some artisans who are busy during the day can also join the ranks of learning at night.

So it should be rewarded with the top card.

"The second type is carbolic acid." Xu Siqi took the second bottle of dark brown oil with the words carbolic acid written on it.

Xu Siqi did not hand over the carbolic acid in his hand to Xing'an, but bowed his head and said, "Your Majesty, this product has been tested in the Jiejue Institute, and it is slightly poisonous, but it can be effective after it is mixed with coal light oil and sprayed on the arms and the equipment used in the Jieya. to prevent infection."

After Xu Siqi finished speaking, he put carbolic acid on the tray and signaled his apprentice to take it away quickly.

"Eh? I haven't watched it yet." Zhu Qiyu looked at the leaving apprentice and said.

He held coal tar in his hand, and he also held coal light oil in his hand, but he didn't show him the bottle of brown carbolic acid.

Xu Siqi said helplessly: "Your Majesty, that thing is poisonous."

The great craftsmen headed by Xu Siqi respected His Majesty. Before His Majesty ascended the throne, the Ministry of Industry was at the end of the Six Ministries, and the imperial court did not have much financial resources to invest in large-scale production.

It's not easy to meet an emperor who is deviant and deviant, likes Mozi and Qiqi, of course they respect him.

"Isn't it through the glazed bottle? There's also a cork." Zhu Qiyu sighed as he looked at the distant figure of the apprentice.

He never hides his preference, just like this one.

This can be used to spray arms and sterilize equipment, and Zhu Qiyu thinks that it is probably a diluted phenol solution.

Xu Siqi shook from his sleeve, took out a memorial and said with a smile: "Your Majesty, just read this."

The real thing exists, and the preparation process has also been written into a book by literati who were thrown into Shijing Factory. If it is poisonous, please don't ask your majesty to touch it.

The memorial that Xu Siqi took out was the experimental report of the phenol solution in Jiejieyuan.

Inject carbolic acid into the rabbit's body, about less than one penny in weight, and the rabbit will be moderately stimulated, and drop about one centimeter into the rabbit's eyes, and the rabbit will go crazy.

Long-term inhalation of carbolic acid vapors can cause rabbits to have difficulty breathing and even lead to paralysis.

After repeated experiments on animals, it will be used on humans.

His Majesty is extremely cautious about the punishment of Ling Chi, that is, sending him to the Jieyuan Court. For crimes such as corruption, the worst is beheading.

The sinners in Xiejieyuan are all too many to write down, and they are people with heinous crimes.

How could there be so many prisoners in Ming Dynasty who needed Ling Chi?

Every lingering criminal is a precious lump and precious wealth of the Jiefang Hospital. It is a non-renewable resource and it is difficult to replenish.

The theory of anatomy has been perfected, so I will not use them directly as experimental materials and waste them in a leisurely manner. I will only use them after repeated verification.

Some criminals were cured of many illnesses in the asylum.

After reading the experimental report of the Institute of Understanding, Zhu Qiyu said: "Well, very good."

He looked at the road being laid and said: "Increase output, talk when you don't have money, Jin Shangshu refuses to give it, and I have money in my pocket. Similar things, the more the better, I will not be stingy in rewards."

"Too much, not much."

"Thank you, Your Majesty, Long En." Xu Siqi led the craftsmen to bow their heads in thanks.

His Majesty has a preference for craftsmen, and the craftsmen led by Xu Siqi have not failed His Majesty's preference.

"Jin Shangshu is easy to talk to." Xu Siqi said with a smile.

Jin Lian's stingy temperament is completely due to the hoarding behavior of hamsters who are afraid of throttling.

But when it was time to spend money, Jin Lian had never been stingy, but the household department always quarreled with the nephew, and the purpose was naturally to hope that the nephew would get more money out.

The reason of the Ministry of Households is very good. The world belongs to His Majesty. Isn't it only natural for His Majesty to spend money?

The reason for the internal money is even more sufficient. High taxes are paid into the imperial government's state treasury. As the cost of maintaining the imperial court, why put the idea on the internal money?Do you have the way to be a minister, the heart of obedience!

The tense battle between the household department and the internal transport depot has become the norm, and no one will be surprised if they fight one day.

Zhu Qiyu took two steps and suddenly thought of a passage in "On Practice".

"During a long historical period, everyone's understanding of the history of society can only be limited to one-sided. On the one hand, it is because the prejudice of the exploiting class often distorts the history of society; on the other hand, because of the narrow scale of production, it limits people's eyes."

"People can have a comprehensive and historical understanding of the development of society and history, and turn their understanding of society into science. This is only when the modern proletariat emerges with the huge productive forces—big industry. This is science."

Zhu Qiyu thinks so.

Human beings are constantly exploring the world, recognizing all kinds of the world, and summarizing the exploration into social understanding.

Then, as the understanding continues to deepen, the main reason for changing from understanding to science is the huge productivity.

In the theory of practice, the resistance to the transformation of social cognition into science is comprehensively expounded.