One Piece of Song Dynasty

Life goes on like this day by day, and now I take Lao Wang to play in the county town every day. .biquge Lao Wang and I have gradually become familiar with the people in Hui'an County and are no longer strangers. Lao Wang and I were walking around the county town. From time to time, people would offer Lao Wang food, and Lao Wang accepted it happily. He was really depraved. I chatted with the people and found that their lives were not bad, but those who did some small business were living a pretty good life. This may be the reason why although there were many peasant uprisings during the Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty was not overthrown by peasant uprisings.

It seems that the Spring Festival is coming soon, and the city is getting more and more lively. This is my first Spring Festival in the Song Dynasty, which is very meaningful. The Spring Festival celebrated by the people of the Song Dynasty was actually called New Year's Day. The entry for the "First Month" in Volume of Wu Zimu's "Mengliang Lu" of the Song Dynasty reads: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly called New Year's Day. This is the first of the first of the year-old festivals." The Republic of China implemented the Gregorian calendar, and the first day of the first lunar month was renamed the Spring Festival.

The happiness index of the people during the Song Dynasty was much higher than that of any previous dynasty. Therefore, festivals have become synonymous with the carnival of the citizens of the Song Dynasty, especially the Spring Festival, which is magnified to the extreme. The Spring Festival of the Song Dynasty starts from the rd day of the twelfth lunar month and ends with the Lantern Festival. What's more, it starts from the Laba Festival and ends with the Lantern Festival. February is called the Chinese New Year. The emperor and the upper-class cultural elites had fun with the people. People in the Song Dynasty had a holiday for the Spring Festival. In principle, they had three days before and after the first day of the Lunar New Year, seven days for the Lantern Festival, three days for the Laba Festival, and another three days for the Peace Festival on February . During the Spring Festival, There are twenty days off in a month, which promotes the development of the festival culture during the Spring Festival.

Most of the customs of the Spring Festival in later generations originated from the Song Dynasty. "Children were taught how to write peach charms, and Taoists also made regular rituals. They performed rituals in front of the gods, purified them, and offered flowers and drinking water. They prayed more, but they were not just asking for fame or fortune. But chanting When it comes to writing poems and writing scores, a little effort is enough, and it is enough. You can drink as much as you can without getting drunk. It is a good time, and you can play on occasion. Drive out Nuo firecrackers, make soft and crispy beans, and stay up all night. We are brothers all over the world, and A Que is also one year old. . May every household be harmonious and prosperous, and live happily ever after." This is "Shuilongyin·New Year's Eve" written by Sun Weixin, a man of the Song Dynasty. In this poem, we can easily see that the activities of people at that time during the Spring Festival included hanging peach charms, Clean shrines and kitchen stoves, worship ancestors, firecrackers to drive away exorcism, eat late-night fruits, and watch the New Year's Eve.

Hanging peach charms is to draw two gods to ward off evil spirits on two wooden boards. It is actually the door painting of later generations.

Cleaning the shrine and the kitchen stove, this is what it means on the surface. Later, it gradually developed. In later generations, people will complete these tasks on the th of the twelfth lunar month or the twelfth lunar month to show respect for the Stove Lord and the ancestors of the family.

Worshiping ancestors is a custom that some families have in later generations, while others don't. In my previous life, my family didn't have this custom when they had New Year's Eve dinner. However, other families may put a few more wine glasses, bowls and chopsticks on the table when they have New Year's Eve dinner. Invite your ancestors to enjoy the delicious food together.

Firecrackers to drive away Nuo are actually two things, setting off firecrackers and driving away Nuo. During the Song Dynasty, gunpowder was put into paper bags to make fireworks and firecrackers. "Tokyo Menghualu" said: "It is night, the firecrackers are banned and the sound is heard outside." Firecrackers are set off deep inside the wall of the palace high court. The voice reached outside the palace. People competed to set off firecrackers in the streets and alleys outside the palace. According to records, there were no less than a hundred varieties of firecrackers in the Song Dynasty, including single, double, continuous, and even two-kick firecrackers that exploded only after flying into the sky. Exorcism is a ritual to drive away epidemic ghosts. It originated from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. "The exorcism is played by beating the drums and playing the flute, and the skinny ghosts are stained and their teeth are white." Participants in the ceremony need to use exaggerated makeup and scary costumes to drive away the epidemic ghosts. , this ritual no longer exists in later generations.

Eating midnight snack fruit means eating midnight snack fruit. The midnight snack fruit first appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty, as mentioned in "Xihu Old Man Fansheng Lu", "Mengliang Lu", and "Wulin Old Stories". It is actually a way of saying snacks, but the types are very different. There are many, even candied fruits and the like.

In addition to these Song Dynasty people, they also eat dumplings and drink Tusu wine. "Jiaozi" had already appeared in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, people ate "jiazi" on New Year's Eve to express their good wishes. "Jiaozi" was a bit like today's dumplings. Tusu wine is "a kind of wine soaked in medicine that was drunk on New Year's Day that emerged after the Han Dynasty." It is actually medicinal wine.

On New Year's Eve, I took everyone back to Nan'an and had a lively Spring Festival at Nan'an's mansion. Firecrackers were blasting and the cook cooked a sumptuous New Year's Eve dinner. That night, the three Ruan brothers and Lu Junyi and I also The housekeeper and others were all drunk, and I cried alone in the bedroom at night. Although there was a large family around me, no one could speak my true feelings, and no one was my real relative, except Lao Wang. I can listen to what I have to say, but I can’t have anything to say to anyone else, and no one can listen.

I went back to Hui'an after the Spring Festival, and then came the Lantern Festival. The Lantern Festival is related to lanterns. People in colorful clothes and hats came and went in the city, each with their own colors. On the evening of the th day of the first lunar month, the lantern festival reaches its climax. Lantern sheds are set up in front of every house and lights are hung, shining like daylight. It is the fire on the balcony that lights up the building, and people watch people coming and going. Aoshan is erected next to the bridge. Shengs and drums are playing loudly on the streets and upstairs, lights are shining and tourists are like ants.

After the Lantern Festival, the New Year is over, and a new journey begins in the new year.

The housekeeper came the day after the Lantern Festival.

"Sir, I haven't reviewed with you the situation at home in the last month of last year."

"Well, you said."

"So far, five more cooks have come to the house. The master of the nursing team and Gao Ping have transferred sixteen people and brought in fifteen more. Now there are fifty-six people in the nursing team; the number of orphans has increased by ten and two Women and eight men, twenty-four sailors, six shipwrights, three carpenters, four blacksmiths, and twelve men to be assigned.”

"That is to say, our family's current possessions include seventy-three people from the nursing team (Gao Ping and I took away sixteen people), thirty-two cooks (four people from four restaurants), and ninety-five orphans (thirty people) Sixty-five women (men), eighty-nine common servants (twelve to be assigned), thirty shipwrights, ten carpenters, eight blacksmiths, two stablemen, and eighty-four sailors.”

"Yes, our family business has grown so big before we knew it. We have five restaurants, five shops, and eighteen ships of various types. The money is even more, too much to count."

"Well, of the twelve men to be assigned, five will go to train carrier pigeons, two will go to the blacksmith as an apprentice, two will go to the stable to learn how to raise horses, two will go to the restaurant as an apprentice, and one will go to the restaurant as a boy; And Uncle An, let’s add two more shops in Hui’an County.”

"Okay, Young Master's family knows about it."

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