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Solar cell module composition and functions of each part:

1. The role of tempered glass is to protect the main body of power generation. There are requirements for its selection of light transmittance: the light transmittance must be high and it must be ultra-white tempered.

2. EVA is used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the main body of the power generation. The quality of the transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the component. EVA exposed to the air is prone to aging and yellowing, thus affecting the light transmittance of the component and thus affecting the durability of the component. The quality of power generation is in addition to the quality of EVA itself.

The lamination process of module manufacturers also has a great impact. For example, if the EVA bonding degree is not up to standard, and the bonding strength between EVA, tempered glass, and backplane is insufficient, it will cause premature aging of EVA and affect the life of the module. It is mainly used to bond and encapsulate the power generation body and the backplane.

3. The main function of cells is to generate electricity. The mainstream power generation market is crystalline silicon solar cells and thin film solar cells, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Crystalline silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment costs and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. They are suitable for generating electricity under outdoor sunlight, but the consumption and cell costs are high.

Thin-film solar cells have very low consumption and battery costs. They have very good low-light effects and can generate electricity under ordinary light. However, the relative equipment cost is relatively high. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half that of crystalline silicon cells, such as solar energy on calculators. Battery.

4. The functions of the back plate include sealing, insulation and waterproofing, and the former is divided into single crystal form and polycrystalline form.

According to the material, it can be divided into silicon thin film type, compound semiconductor thin film type and organic film type. The compound semiconductor thin film type is further divided into amorphous type, 3V group, 26 group and zinc phosphide (Zn3p2).

Depending on the materials used, solar cells can also be divided into: silicon solar cells, multi-compound thin film solar cells, polymer multi-layer modified electrode solar cells, nanocrystalline solar cells, organic solar cells, plastic solar cells, among which silicon Solar cells are the most mature and dominate applications.

Silicon solar cells are divided into three types: monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells and amorphous silicon thin film solar cells.

Monocrystalline silicon solar cells have the highest conversion efficiency and the most mature technology. The highest conversion efficiency in the laboratory is 24.7%, and the efficiency in scale production is 15%.

It still occupies a dominant position in large-scale applications and industrial production. However, due to the high cost and price of monocrystalline silicon, it is difficult to significantly reduce its cost. In order to save silicon materials, polycrystalline silicon films and amorphous silicon films have been developed as monocrystalline silicon solar cells. alternative products.

Compared with monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells are cheaper and more efficient than amorphous silicon thin film solar cells. The maximum conversion efficiency in the laboratory is 18%, and the conversion efficiency in industrial scale production is 10%.

Amorphous silicon thin film solar cells have low cost, light weight, high conversion efficiency, easy mass production, and great potential. However, due to the photoelectric efficiency degradation effect caused by its material, its stability is not high, which directly affects its practical application.

If the stability problem and the conversion rate problem can be further solved, then amorphous silicon solar cells will undoubtedly be one of the main development products of solar cells.

Polycrystalline thin-film cells Cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride Polycrystalline thin-film cells are more efficient than amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells, are lower in cost than monocrystalline silicon cells, and are easy to mass-produce. However, because cadmium is highly toxic, it will cause It causes serious pollution to the environment, so it is not the most ideal substitute for crystalline silicon solar cells.

The conversion efficiency of gallium arsenide III-V compound cells can reach 28%. The GaAs compound material has a very ideal optical band gap and high absorption efficiency. It has strong radiation resistance and is not sensitive to heat. It is suitable for manufacturing high-efficiency single junctions. Battery.

However, GaAs materials are expensive, which limits the popularity of GaAs batteries to a great extent.

Copper indium selenide thin film cells are suitable for photoelectric conversion, there is no light-induced degradation problem, and the conversion efficiency is the same as that of polycrystalline silicon.

Chapter 0237 Preview of energy conversion device