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After the U.S. Army abandoned the "Adatz" air defense missile program, in 1997, the U.S. Army transplanted the "Avenger" air defense missile system to the "Bradley" M2A2 tank by Boeing to replace the original vehicle-mounted TOW anti-aircraft missile system. Tank missile system, also known as the "Bradley Defender" short-range air defense vehicle.

All other weapon systems are retained, including the 25mm m242 "Viper" electric chain-fed cannon. After modification, the "Bradley Defender" can be used to provide fire support, attack light armor targets and air defense operations. Purpose.

This shows that the design idea of ​​the "Adatz" missile system still meets combat needs.

The U.S. Army's abandonment allowed the Canadian Army to adopt the "Adatz" missile system, also known as the "low-level short-range air defense" Shorad system, in 1988.

With the advent of combat networking and real-time information sharing, the Canadian Army has formed several separate Adatz missile systems into a combat network for joint operation.

The "Adatz" missile system is the main component of the "Canadian Low-Level Air Defense System" and is installed on the M113 armored vehicle. The Canadian Army purchased a total of 36 systems. The first system was delivered in 1988 and all were completed in 1994.

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Under the control of several Hydra drivers, three "Adats" adats anti-aircraft and anti-tank tracked armored vehicles drove out of the building. While driving out, the pulse Doppler x-band dual-beam radar on the armored vehicles , the signal that locked the Super Eagle F117a has been captured.

However, the Super Eagle is not comparable to those F117As that are about to retire. Although the Super Eagle was captured and locked by the radar at an altitude of 300 meters, the Super Eagle still opened the magazine and quickly threw out 6 AGM88A Hamm high-speed missiles at this moment. After launching the anti-radiation missile, he quickly transformed into a human form, and without any means of landing, he forcibly landed at the ground exit of an underground parking lot and slid into the underground parking lot.

After losing the target, several Hydra pilots had no choice but to aim the "Adatz" anti-aircraft and anti-tank tracked armored vehicle at the flying 6 AGM88A Hamm high-speed anti-radiation missiles. After they launched After the "Adatz" anti-aircraft missile, it quickly turned off the radar and started maneuvering.

Unexpectedly, the move of turning off the "Adatz" was of no use to the six AGM6A Hamm high-speed anti-radiation missiles.

AGM88 anti-radiation missile, referred to as: harm, also known as: "Harm", is the third generation anti-radiation missile of the US military.

Prior to this, the first and second generation anti-radiation missiles of the US military were respectively the AGM45 "Moxa" series developed on the basis of the "Sparrow" III air-to-air missile, and the AGM78 "Standard" series developed on the basis of the "Standard" ship-to-air missile.

As the first generation anti-radiation missile, the "Moxa" has very obvious shortcomings:

The frequency band covered by the seeker is too narrow: Although all models of "Moxa" use a universal equiangular four-arm planar helical antenna that can reduce the size of the world to below the target radar wavelength of 14, the frequency band covered by the seeker is too narrow. To deal with radars operating in different frequency bands, many seekers have to be developed and selected based on known intelligence before the attack.

The early models of "Moxa" relied on as many as 18 types of seekers to cover the D~J band 1~20 GHz. Later models did not improve significantly in this regard. This is the most important reason why she has so many models.

The guidance method is single: the "Moxa" series can only fly to the target along the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar. Once the opponent's radar takes measures such as shutting down, the missile will lose the source of guidance information and cannot hit the target.

During the Vietnam War, the North Vietnamese army repeatedly used measures such as shutting down, turning on multiple radars alternately, and swinging the radar antenna at large angles to "tease" the missile. In addition, measures such as rapidly changing the operating frequency of the radar were adopted to address seeker defects. , causing the "Moxa's" hit rate to drop to 1970 in 6.

Low guidance accuracy and insufficient warhead power: Even if the opponent does not take countermeasures, most of the "Moxa" landing points in actual combat are more than 20 meters away from the target, and her warhead destroys soft targets without armor protection. The radius is only 515 meters.

This shows that the "Moxa" needs to improve the direction finding accuracy of the seeker and the power of the warhead, so the AGM78 "Standard" missile was developed to address the flaws and new threats of the "Moxa".

The "standard" main contractor of agm78 is General Dynamics, which only entered service in 1968. By the time production was discontinued in 1978, more than 1300 pieces had been produced, with an average unit price of about US$164000, which was very expensive.

And it only includes the AD type, which was used in actual combat operations such as the Vietnam War and Israel's 1982 attack on the Bekaa Valley.

Compared with the first-generation anti-radiation missile "Moxa", the main improvements of the second-generation anti-radiation missile "Standard" are:

The frequency band coverage, sensitivity and field of view of the seeker have been greatly improved: the antenna of the "standard" seeker is the same as that of the "Moxa", but the coverage frequency band is much wider, and only two seekers were used to cover the then Frequency range of the main Soviet air defense radar.

With the increased sensitivity of the seeker, the radar side lobe beam with weak signal strength can be used for guidance. However, the Moxa must enter from the radar main beam with the strongest signal, making it easy for the enemy to detect and take countermeasures.

The seeker antenna is installed on the gyro ring frame, and the tracking field of view reaches 25°, which expands the flight envelope of the carrier aircraft to search and attack targets. However, the fixed antenna field of view of the "Moxa" is only 8°, and the carrier aircraft must face the target. You have to dive to launch missiles.

The guidance method is more flexible: the "standard" guidance system has a target frequency and target position memory device. When the enemy radar is shut down, it can attack according to the target position memorized before shutting down. Once the target radar is turned on again, it can attack the target frequency through the target frequency memory device. It recaptures and attacks.

Increased warhead power: While the accuracy of the seeker has been improved, the "standard" warhead's damage radius to radar antennas has also increased to 2530 meters.

Although the performance ratio of the second-generation anti-radiation missile "Standard" is greatly improved compared to the performance ratio of the first-generation anti-radiation missile "Moxa".

However, the average unit price of the "Standard" is 6 times that of the "Moxa", and its weight is more than three times that of the "Mozu". It can only be equipped with a limited number of carrier aircraft, and the bomb load capacity of the carrier aircraft is also limited.

At the same time, actual combat has proved that: despite the use of target location and target frequency memory devices, the "standard" is still not good at dealing with radars that suddenly shut down.

So under this situation and background, the agm88 Hamm anti-radiation missile was born.

Chapter 31 Foretells the U.S. Army is on the Road