1987: Sleepless Tonight

Within 100 kilometers, by railway, the freight rate of soda is 6.4 yuan per ton.

The capacity of Wanjia soda is 500ml per bottle. Just soda, excluding the glass bottle, it weighs 500g. With the glass bottle, the weight can reach 1000g, and 1 ton of Wanjia soda is only about 1000 bottles.

A bottle of Wanjia soda makes a gross profit of 3 cents, and 1000 bottles only earn a gross profit of 30 yuan. The shipping fee will cost 6.4 yuan, accounting for 20% of the gross profit.

This is only the freight rate within 100 kilometers!

The soda has to be packed in wooden baskets, which take up a lot of weight, and people have to be hired for loading and unloading, as well as labor costs.

Can't afford it!

This is rail transport.

In terms of roads, the cost is also not low.

Such as short-distance transportation, within 25 kilometers, 1 to 15 kilometers, the cost of general cargo is 0.8 yuan per ton, and 15 to 25 kilometers, the cost is 1 yuan per ton.

Soft drinks are not ordinary goods, but fragile goods. The cost of road transportation is not calculated according to ordinary goods, but according to categories such as dangerous, valuable, and fresh. The freight for 1 to 15 kilometers is 1.2 yuan per ton, The freight for 15 kilometers is about 25 yuan per ton.

The area of ​​Jiangcheng is very large. The maximum span from north to south and from east to west is more than 100 kilometers. Even if it is 25 kilometers, it may not be able to leave the city. If you want to transport it outside the city, you can't calculate it according to the short-distance transportation. You have to calculate it according to the long-distance transportation.

For long-distance calculations, the unit price freight will be slightly cheaper, that is, the freight per ton-kilometer is cheaper than short-distance, but the overall total freight will be higher.

Also, can't afford it.

Moreover, compared with railway transportation, there is a relatively large risk in road transportation. There may be a car accident on the road, all of which are glass bottles. After a car accident, the whole car of soda may no longer be able to be sold.

Another possibility is that the soda was shipped to the local area, but the wholesaler played tricks and went back on his word. He made an excuse, saying that he didn't want so much soda, and if he wanted to sell it, he could only lower the price.

The soda has already been dragged here, and it is impossible to drag it away. What can be done in the face of this situation, in the end, they can only agree to their price and deal with the soda cheaply.

"If we go to a supply and marketing cooperative or other units and let their transportation system help us transport, this is also not acceptable. There is no need to buy a car, which saves the cost of this department, but it is impossible not to pay transportation fees, and it is impossible to let It’s not wise for others to work in vain, and you have to calculate the freight, and you don’t have your own transportation channels, so it’s easy to be choked by others,” Lu Hao said.

After hearing Lu Hao's explanation, Huang Minghua was still a little puzzled, "Brother Hao, you said earlier that you wanted to sell Wanjia soda to Jiangcheng, and sell it to the whole country, was it just a superficial talk? In fact, our goal is Jiangcheng?"

"Of course it's not just Jiangcheng. The cake in the beverage industry is very big. If it's just Jiangcheng, how big is the cake?" Lu Hao shook his head, "If you want Wanjia soda to be sold in stores in other provinces, you don't have to sell Wanjia. Soda is shipped out by road or rail.”

Huang Minghua's thinking is still stuck in the old way.

"How do you sell it if you don't ship it out?" Huang Minghua didn't quite understand.

"You know Double Happiness, right?" Lu Hao asked.

"I know, this cigarette is not cheap, it costs one pack and two packs." Huang Minghua nodded.

He was a little puzzled, wondering why Lu Hao suddenly asked this.

He had smoked Double Happiness cigarettes before, but he was only talking about shipping costs and the market for Wanjia soda, why did he mention cigarettes?

"Then do you know where Double Happiness is produced?" Lu Hao asked again.

"There is Double Happiness in Jiangcheng, and there seems to be Double Happiness in the Shanghai stock market." Huang Minghua replied.

"Double Happiness is not only in Jiangcheng and Shanghai, but also in Yangcheng and Jinshi. There are Double Happiness cigarette factories in these four places, and they are all producing Double Happiness." Lu Hao said.

"Think about it, why don't they produce Double Happiness in one place, and then ship it to other places for sale, but center on these cities, produce in these places, and then radiate the market with the production of Double Happiness cigarettes at these points ?”

"In addition to the popularity of Double Happiness, all places want to use it as a source of finance, isn't it just to save transportation costs, improve product competitiveness, and increase sales?"

Many factories and enterprises also do this. In order to save transportation costs and time costs, they build a similar factory in another place to produce the same products, and use this as a point to radiate to the surrounding market.

This is much more convenient than transporting the product over there.

Huang Minghua's eyes lit up, he slapped his thigh fiercely, and exclaimed, "Brother Hao, you're still smart, why didn't I think of it? We really don't need to transport soda so far away, it's inconvenient and expensive, It would be easier to build a new factory locally and then sell the products.”

"Actually, there is no need to build a new factory. You can merge other beverage factories. Some equipment is relatively new, and you don't even need to change the production line. You only need to adjust and improve the production." Lu Hao said, "There are so many beverage factories in Jiangcheng. The situation is almost the same in other cities, the same product is easy to sell, and it will follow the trend to produce this product immediately, but soda is not an aircraft missile, so it is easy to make.”

"Easy means that the threshold is low, and there are more people competing. Whether it is state-owned, private, or joint ventures, they all like to get involved. This also gives us an opportunity. The more intense their competition, the more people there will be. Beverage factories will not be able to continue their operations. When we are expanding outwards, we can just buy these poorly managed beverage factories and use their production lines to produce our products. It is even said that we don’t even need to find other workers. Let's take the formula, ship the outer packaging, and stick it on."

The model Lu Hao mentioned is actually very common after decades, and many large companies also use similar methods, and there is a very appropriate vocabulary: OEM.

OEM is actually OEM. I place an order for you to produce, and then paste my brand, which is my product. A manufacturer produces products and product accessories for another manufacturer according to the requirements of another manufacturer. It can also be called OEM or authorization. OEM production.

The advantage of doing so is more cost-effective than directly merging factories, and can save merger costs and management costs.

A week passed quickly, and the sales of Wanjia soda were rising like sesame seeds.

After selling 800 million bottles of soda, the subsequent daily soda sales are also very unfortunate.

150 bottles!

180 bottles!

200 bottles!

230 bottles!

……

The speed of the soda stored in the warehouse became slower visible to the naked eye.

At the gate of the factory, distributors and retailers of all sizes are busy hauling Wanjia soda, while in the production workshop, a staff is so busy that they don’t even have time to talk.