Rebirth 93: Break off the engagement at the beginning and marry Bai Fumei

Chen Yang and Song Qingyun argued for a while, and then placed the Tianzi jar in front of Song Qingyun. If his uncle wanted the Tianzi jar, Chen Yang had to give it to him. First of all, the last time Song Qingyun was in the fortress, there were so many objects inside, and he really didn’t take anything of future value. However, Song Qingyun almost didn’t leave behind the evidence about the little devil in the fortress, and most of them were pulled out and handed over. Yes, just for this point, Chen Yang admired him from the bottom of his heart.

"Okay, uncle, let's stop making trouble. If you talk back to me, what else can I do with you?" Chen Yang looked at Song Qingyun with a smile on his lips, "Looking at you looking like an old kid, you're really cool. Laughing!"

Song Qingyun curled his lips and said that if others said this, Chen Yang...

"You're so kind, I won't give it to you!" Chen Yang said, and went to get the jar. Song Qingyun, with quick eyesight and quick hands, picked up the jar with a smile, "Uncle, aren't you teasing me, you brat? Why don’t you know how to joke?”

After speaking, Song Qingyun lowered his head and looked at this Lang Shining painting. Chen Yang sat across from Song Qingyun and looked at Song Qingyun's serious attitude, "Uncle Master, you don't want to take this Lang Shining painting away too, do you?" "

Song Qingyun looked up at Chen Yang with a smile, and then said that although Chen Yang has good eyesight, he does not know how to appreciate calligraphy and painting. This is Castiglione's painting in front of you, don't take a good look at it!

"Uncle Master, do you think this was painted by Lang Shining for Imperial Concubine Chunhui?" Chen Yang sat cross-legged in front of the kang table and asked Song Qingyun with a smile.

Song Qingyun nodded. Judging from the style of painting, it was absolutely correct. Song Qingyun started talking to Chen Yang.

Castiglione, an Italian, came to our country to preach as a Catholic Jesuit monk in the 54th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. As a missionary, he traveled across the ocean and came to our country, and was summoned to the palace by Emperor Kangxi who valued Western skills. He entered the Ruyi Pavilion in the palace and became a court painter. He participated in the design of the Western-style Building in Yuanmingyuan and served in the Kang, Yong and Qian dynasties. From then on, he began a career as a court painter that lasted for more than fifty years.

Because Castiglione brought Western painting techniques and showed the emperor and other court painters the charm of European light and dark painting methods, he was successively reused by Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng, and Emperor Qianlong. Despite this, the foreign painter Lang Shining also had to abide by the Qing palace painting system of drawing a manuscript before painting and "painting according to the same pattern" after the emperor's approval.

He was a comprehensive artist in art, covering figures, portraits, animals, flowers, birds, and landscapes, and he became a representative figure in court painting during the reigns of Emperors Yongzheng and Qianlong. Castiglione integrated Western techniques such as perspective, light and shadow into Chinese painting, and the development of a painting style that was compatible with Western realistic techniques and Eastern appreciation of taste reached its highest peak.

Castiglione well integrated Chinese and Western painting techniques, paying attention to the three-dimensional effect in Western painting, paying attention to perspective and light and shade, and attaching importance to realism and accurate structural rationality. Because he could draw and was proficient in architecture, he participated in the construction of the Old Summer Palace. He was good at painting portraits, animals, flowers and fruits, and feathers, especially horses. The most famous one is the twelve animal heads of the Old Summer Palace, which he designed.

The Chinese paintings he painted have smooth ink lines, layers of smudges, and inimitable use of colors to form a fine and realistic effect. The combination of Chinese and Western styles gives a completely new look. His original new painting style won the appreciation and trust of the emperors of Kang, Yong, and Qian dynasties. .

"Let me tell you this," Song Qingyun said to Chen Yang, "most of his purpose in painting was to serve the emperor, or to complete any painting tasks the emperor gave him. From Kangxi to Qianlong, he served three Qing emperors in total In an era without newspapers, magazines and television, he and other court painters acted as uncrowned kings like journalists. He could meet the emperor and even the emperor's concubines, and also attended some major historical occasions with the emperor. The purpose is to record the great history of the empire.”

"You can simply understand that his paintings record the palace life of three generations of emperors!" As he spoke, Song Qingyun patted his thigh lightly. Even though the market price of Lang Shining's paintings is not high now, there will definitely be many in the future. There is a huge room for appreciation, because most of his paintings are collected in major museums, and very few of them are circulated among the people.

For example, the painting in front of you, the portrait of Imperial Concubine Chunhui in court dress: This painting shows Lang Shining's superb realism ability. It not only has photo-like accuracy and three-dimensionality, but also makes the portrait more solemn, holy, dignified, and elegant. Aesthetics, beautifying and improving the appearance and temperament of the portrait.

"Boy, let me tell you that this painting you picked up this time is a treasure!" Song Qingyun looked at Chen Yang with a smile, "This was not painted by Lang Shining for Concubine Chun, this was painted by Lang Shining for Emperor Qianlong. of!"

"The portraits in the palace from the queen to the concubines, except after the painting is completed and the queen and concubines can take a look, the rest of the time are hidden by the emperor and no one is allowed to see them!" After saying this, Song Qingyun shook his head with a proud look on his face. With enthusiasm, "I also know a painting, which shows Emperor Qianlong and all the ladies in his harem..."

Chen Yang looked at Song Qingyun with a proud look on his face and smiled secretly in his heart. He said as if no one knew, "The Picture of Zhiping Written in the Heart, also known as the Picture of Emperor Qianlong's Concubines, was originally placed in the Old Summer Palace, but is now hidden in the beautiful country." Cleveland Museum of Art, right?”

The "Xin Zhi Zhi Commentary" was painted by Lang Shining. The scroll unfolds from right to left, showing half-length portraits of Emperor Qianlong, his queen and eleven concubines. Each image has a title on the right side. The title of the portrait of Emperor Qianlong is: "Auspicious Day in August of the First Year of Qianlong". The order of the twelve concubines is: Queen, Noble Concubine, Chun Concubine, Jia Concubine, Ling Concubine, Shu Concubine, Qing Concubine, Ying Concubine, Xin Concubine, Dun Concubine, Shun Concubine and Xun Concubine.

Later generations of Chen Yang once saw a high-definition photo of this painting at the home of an antique expert. At that time, Chen Yang didn't understand why it was called "Xin Zhi Ping" when the painting was clearly about Qianlong and his concubines. Experts told themselves that the four characters "Zhi Ping" written in the heart were inscribed by Qianlong himself and carved on the front of the wooden box where the hand scroll was collected. The four characters "Zhi Ping" written in the heart embody the concept of governing a country and bringing peace to the world in Confucianism. These four characters are the basis for this work. Given a sense of mission.

The twelve women in this scroll are obviously the result of Emperor Qianlong's selection among the many concubines in his harem, and there are certain criteria for being selected. The selected concubines must have children, be gentle, virtuous, intelligent and intelligent. Among them, seven concubines have children, including the queen, pure concubine, Jia concubine, Ling concubine, Shu concubine, Xin concubine, The concubines Dun all gave birth to children for Qianlong. Among them, the concubine Ling gave birth to the emperor's (fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth) sons and the emperor's (seventh, ninth) daughters. The emperor's fifteenth son became the later Emperor Jiaqing. The number of heirs is the first in the harem.

In addition to the issue of heirs, there is also the issue of whether the concubines are gentle and filial. Among them, Queen Xiaoxian is a model. Qianlong praised her many times in his imperial poems. In addition, the ethnic groups of the concubines during the Qianlong period were also very rich compared to the previous dynasties, including Manchu, Han, Mongolian, Korean, and Hui, so this and whether to be included in the map is also one of the factors to consider.

In general, the concubines selected in this scroll are an ideal home built by Qianlong, based on the order of seniority and the distinction between seniority and inferiority. On the one hand, it affirms their achievements and character, and on the other hand, they also have Due to political considerations, Emperor Qianlong wrote the inscription "Zhi Ping". Unfortunately, when the Old Summer Palace was burned down, it was plundered overseas by the Eagle Kingdom.

"Holy shit!" Song Qingyun sat up straight and looked at Chen Yang in disbelief, "You know all this?"

"Is this difficult?" Chen Yang shrugged his shoulders and said smoothly, "It's all recorded in the books!"