Our whole class has traveled through time

"At that time, in order to be able to understand the envoys from all sides, the emperor asked everyone to learn the 'Putonghua' that was more popular at that time, which was 'Yayin'."

"Teacher, which language was used as the standard at that time?"

"Take the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period as an example. Yayin, also known as Zhongyuan Yayin, was the Luoyang dialect of that time, and was also called the 'Guhe Luo dialect'.

For example, Confucius, a native of Lu, went to Zheng for business and spoke the dialect of Lu. Zheng people could not understand it, so Confucius spoke "Yayin", which was actually the Luoyang dialect at that time. "

But the Luoyang dialect at that time was very different from the Luoyang dialect now. It can be said to be completely different.

"Teacher, why was the 'Mandarin' in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period Luoyang dialect?"

"Because the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was Luoyang at that time." Chen Yue said.

"Yes, by the Sui and Tang Dynasties, 'Mandarin' had undergone great changes. At that time, due to changes in the war territory and population migration, from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, other languages ​​such as the ancient Heluo dialect and the ancient Wuyue dialect were mixed, so Ancient Heluo dialect evolved into Middle Chinese."

"Teacher, teacher, which language is Medieval Chinese more similar to?" Chen Yuanyuan raised her hand impatiently.

"Minnan Language."

"Huh? Hokkien? How come?"

"Yes, although Medieval Chinese has been lost, the current Hokkien is similar to it, but the two are just similar. It is not Medieval Chinese or Hokkien, because in the process of evolution, the dialects of the indigenous people of Fujian and Yue were mixed, so The pronunciation has also changed a lot.”

"Teacher, why does Middle Chinese look like Hokkien?"

"Due to the war, a large number of Tang people migrated to southern Fujian, robbing the local Fujian and Yue indigenous people of their living space, and mainly turned against the guests."

"Teacher, I know that in 677 AD, during the annual inspection of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, Chen Zheng and Chen Yuanguang, their father and son, led an army into Fujian to quell the rebellion. After fighting the war, the large army settled in the southern Fujian area. They settled down, got married, and had children. These people Did you bring medieval Chinese to southern Fujian?"

"Well, yes, in 885 AD, during the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, brothers Wang Chao and Wang Shenzhi led a large army into Fujian to encircle and suppress the Huangchao Uprising. After the war, this large army also stayed in southern Fujian to settle down and settle down. , these people also brought Medieval Chinese to southern Fujian.

In the Song Dynasty, from 960 to 1279, since Kaifeng, Henan was once the capital of the Song Dynasty, the 'Putonghua' of the Song Dynasty became the Kaifeng dialect at that time, which was called 'Song Yin' and also called Zhongzhou Yin. Bao Zheng spoke Zhongzhou pronunciation. Interestingly, the Zhongzhou pronunciation at that time was somewhat similar to the current Hakka dialect. "

"Teacher, is it the same as before that the Zhongzhou dialect evolved into Hakka? It was also due to war and migration. Most people left the Central Plains and hid in the south. They became Hakkas and brought the Zhongzhou dialect to the south?" Lin Huanhuan drew inferences. asked.

"Yes, in the Ming Dynasty, from 1368 to 1644, Zhu Yuanzhang initially made Nanjing his capital, so the 'Putonghua' of the Ming Dynasty was Nanjing Mandarin."

"Later Zhu Di moved the capital to Beijing and brought [-] people from Nanjing to Beijing. The number of people who moved from Nanjing to Beijing exceeded the indigenous population of Beijing at that time. This is why in the Ming Dynasty, Nanjing Mandarin had a long-term residence status in Beijing. , but as time went by, Nanjing Mandarin and Beijing indigenous people were mixed, so by the end of the Ming Dynasty in Beijing, Nanjing Mandarin itself had also changed."

"In the subsequent Qing Dynasty from 1644 to 1912, a total of 268 years, during the Qing Dynasty's rule, the local indigenous dialects in Beijing were mixed with Manchu, Nanjing Mandarin, and the dialects of the foreign population from various places. Various accents were mixed with each other. And it evolved into a language of the heart, which is Beijing Mandarin, and this evolved Beijing Mandarin is what we call Mandarin now."

"It's so amazing. After thousands of years of evolution, we have our Mandarin."

"Well, yes, human civilization is constantly progressing, including language, which is also constantly evolving."

"Teacher, luckily everyone in this era speaks Mandarin. Otherwise, it would be really difficult to learn a dialect." Lin Haohao said happily.

"That's right, fortunately, fortunately." Everyone was very happy about this.

In a blink of an eye, it was time for the government examination.

With the experience of the last county test, everyone is already familiar with it.

Qian Xiaoxiao is no longer as nervous as before.

On the day the results were released, Qian Xiaoxiao went to see them, while Guan Miao and Dashi went to the next county town.

This time's results once again surprised Qian Xiaoxiao. All eighteen people were on the list again, and Shuren Private School became an instant success and became famous all over the world.

Qian Xiaoxiao stood at the bottom of the list and looked for the names of her classmates one by one. She no longer knew how to describe her heart at this moment, and tears burst out of her eyes.

"Congratulations, Boss Qian."

"It's amazing."

Everyone is envious in addition to envy.

Some failed the test several times and saw that they were just like leeks, and there was nothing they could do but be jealous.

Qian Xiaoxiao squeezed out of the crowd, picked up the hem of his skirt and started running.

"A carriage and a carriage." The little demon wanted to jump up and shout.

"Hey, I forgot. I have to go back early to tell the children the good news. Everyone is leaving for Kyoto."

"Look at your shyness."

"I'm happy, I'm proud."