New Shun 1730

Compared to the length of history, human life is short. Therefore, it is always unnatural to have the idea of ​​the end of history. Whether it is history, economy, or even science, there have been sighs that "the building has been built, and only the decoration work is left."

The education received by the Dashun group of practical school made their ideas basically consistent: that is, they believed that British politicians regarded primitive accumulation as the ultimate goal.

As a result, they were trapped in it and did not do many decent things at all. Even if they did it, they were forced to do it, not because they were very smart.

Because the attitude of the Dashun practical school towards India has always been clear: taxation and oppression are not the purpose, but only the means. The purpose is to abolish India's handicraft industry, turn it into a market, and strengthen Dashun's own industry.

And because of the history of Dashun, these people are quite puzzled by Britain's rule in North America: since the imperial examination, I have never heard of dividing the north and the south, with one side being able to take the imperial examination and the other side not being able to take the imperial examination. There is no imperial examination in Britain, but this parliament is not much different from the imperial examination. If North America cannot take the imperial examination, won't they rebel?

Under these two kinds of thinking, it would be a miracle to say that the practical school of the Dashun could look up to British politicians.

To say that Pitt is the spiritual successor of Cromwell means that he faithfully continued the trade framework of Cromwell's navigation law system. Don't look at his loud shouting that the wind can come in and the rain can come in. Isn't the root cause of the rampant smuggling and the general sympathy of the people due to the monopoly of trade and tariffs caused by the Navigation Law? If you don't solve the problem at the root, you will treat the headache and the foot.

A true strategist or politician should have woken up immediately in the year when the Dashun went to Southeast Asia, actively surrendered to China, violently dismantled the East India Company, and replaced the Netherlands as the transit point for trade between the East and the West. Ally with China to make laws, give up India, and divide the world with the Cape of Good Hope as the boundary.

But until now, no one has thought of this step.

Pitt originally disdained these articles that satirized him.

Now, although I am not dismissive and I think it makes sense, I can still use a common saying to summarize my feelings: It is easy to talk without any pain.

"You understand economics, diplomacy and strategy, but do you understand Britain?"

After reading all the articles criticizing him, Pitt said this helplessly.

Did the East India Company dismantle just like that? In order to reduce the influence of the royal family and the great nobles on the company, the foreign king was directly welcomed for the purpose of "everyone above 500 pounds is equal, even if you have 100,000 pounds of shares".

The huge beneficiary group of monopoly trade and the oligarchic alliance between the Whigs have made the gentry and landlords breathless. Who can move this group on the stage?

Walpole wanted to reduce land taxes and did not want to fight Spain for smugglers, but wanted to stabilize the economy and debt peacefully, so he was directly eliminated.

You understand economics and strategy, but you don't understand Britain at all.

After sighing, there is deep despair.

The huge national debt crisis is imminent, and there are serious problems with the country's fiscal revenue structure.

Under the colonial system, the high income from tariffs and protective taxes is essentially an indirect tax. It will not have devastating consequences for the country's economy.

But since Dashun joined the war for trade, a large amount of goods poured in, and Grenville placed his hope of repaying the national debt on tariffs.

Even though Pitt was a man of the old times, with old-time thinking and a conservative under the framework of the Navigation Act, he understood what it meant.

Oriental trade goods, not counting smuggling, only the legitimate goods of the East India Company, accounted for more than 20% of the total British imports.

It is impossible to say how much smuggling there is, because there are so many smuggled goods that the newly emerging cotton textile mills in Lancashire are basically bankrupt. There are some high-imitation Lancashire [Fustian] everywhere, mixed with blended fabrics of cotton, linen and wool.

According to the regular consumption of tea in North America according to tariff statistics, there is not much, but people drinking Wuyi tea are everywhere in the Thirteen States.

Thomas Meng, defending the East India Company, gave a seemingly solubility solution: re-export. It is not a bad thing to import goods in this way to make money from re-export.

But how to make money now?

In the past, the Orientals would not go so far to sell goods, but now the Oriental merchant ships are everywhere from the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean.

Why do the other countries that do not have the East India Company do charity and do not buy Chinese goods directly from Chinese merchants, but have to buy re-export goods to let Britain make money from the middlemen?

The Swedish East India Company was incorporated into a joint stock company; the Dutch East India Company was destroyed; the Danish East India Company was really called the East India Company this time, because the trading house was found by the Dashun and heavy taxes were added, and only Tranqueba was left. This time the "India Company" is worthy of the name; the Ostend Company is dead; the French East India Company has lost even India; Portugal's Macau has been taken back...

In this case, except for Britain, no country is willing to work together to drive Chinese merchant ships back to the Cape of Good Hope.

In the past, the East India Companies of various countries could cooperate. For example, as with the Ostend Company, several companies cooperated to force one company to death, because everyone benefited.

If these East India companies were still there, Britain might, at least in theory, take the lead and work together to drive away Chinese merchant ships, and we would make a profit from the price difference.

Now, even the theoretical possibility is gone.

According to the colonial trade theory he was familiar with, Pitt knew that there were only two options for Dashun at the time.

Either stay at home.

Either cross India and Africa and come to Europe.

There is no middle option.

But unfortunately, it was only by relying on the chaos in Europe, the national conditions of the Netherlands, and smuggling in Sweden that we took the very difficult step.

Now looking at the assumptions in those articles that ridiculed him, such as the British taking full advantage when sailing to Nanyang, it seems that that is really the only way to avoid the current situation.

However, no matter in the past it was due to national conditions, internal strife, monopoly beneficiaries, etc., if it was not done, it was not done. There is no chance now and there will be no chance in the future.

Much of the fog that had previously been masked had been removed at this moment.

Grenville hoped to let Pitt raise the issue of tariffs and peace negotiations, hoping to preserve the interests of the family alliance.

But Pete...has his own dignity.

He knew that he had a son, descendants, and family.

But he also knew that if he raised the tariff issue, his reputation after his death would be extremely bad.

Perhaps, at this point, it seems like this is a good choice.

It can satisfy the vast majority of people who can make a sound. The only one who seems to be at a disadvantage and can make a sound is the half-disabled East India Company.

But what about the future?

A presupposition of Thomas Moe's defense of the East India Company was that the East India Company had obtained a monopoly on trade east of the Cape of Good Hope.

Not just the British, but also the Netherlands, France, Austria, Portugal...

Under this premise, import can be done as re-export trade.

But, isn't this the strategy mentioned in the article that satirized him, that is, after sailing to Nanyang?

If you consider Thomas Moe's status as a director of the East India Company, you should not be fooled by his original economics, because the default premise of his status was that the East India Company had a monopoly on the shipping of trade goods east of the Cape of Good Hope.

But most people don’t think about this hidden prerequisite.

Therefore, many people think this is good at this time.

But Pete knew this was not good.

Even if it is good now, it will look good in three, five, or even ten years.

The national debt can be paid off, trade volume has increased, and more people have become rich.

But what was the essence of the East India Company's fortune? Did they suck the silver from the hands of common people into the hands of the directors of the East India Company? Did they create any wealth?

One thing was clear to Peter, and that was an example right before his eyes: the decline of the Netherlands.

Not just the obvious kind of decline.

It is even more because of the excessive prosperity of business that led to the overall failure of the construction of the Dutch nation, and the internal divisions could not be bridged.

The conflict between merchants and guilds, the conflict between trade and local industry, the conflict between tax collectors and farmers, the conflict between oligarchs and nobles...the fragmentation was so severe that even national identity could not be constructed, and the seven provinces were completely shattered.

The situation that stabilized after the coup in the Netherlands was only after Dashun chose to cooperate. Amsterdam merchants relied on their economic advantages to colonize the remaining six provinces.

The Netherlands is not big.

But if the UK wants to do this, something big will happen. Because England, Scotland, Ireland, North America... these are even more fragmented than the seven provinces of the Netherlands.

Pitt believed in Grenville's promise.

I also believe that Grenville's choice to take over the new king's olive branch is just a temporary measure.

I believe that with the cooperation of their family, his descendants will still have the opportunity to enter politics and dominate the political arena.

However, he did not want to leave an eternal infamy.

I don’t want my tombstone to be filled with garbage in ten, twenty, or even more years.

He does not want to, or rather, will never raise the issue of tariffs.

He started out as an opposition figure.

He opposed taxation, but supported war. As for how to tax, he had a good reputation for opposing it.

He opposed many things and won a lot of good reputation.

Now, he still wants to leave a good name.

How can we persist in war without peace talks? He didn't care, he just opposed surrender.

Without tariffs, how can we repay the national debt? He doesn't care, he just opposes the rampant use of foreign goods.

As for what Britain should do now, he knows, but he doesn't want to do it.

On weekdays, he went to war feverishly, and when he was defeated, he died to repay the country.

We would rather split and pay compensation, but we would rather leave a name in the world.

So Pitt wrote a long prophecy about the terms proposed by Grenville and the possible consequences of liberalizing trade with China.

Don’t talk about the present, just talk about the future.

In his suicide note, he upheld his arrogance - only I can save Britain, God sent me to save Britain - and combined the king, cabinet ministers, colleagues, Tories, Whigs, ruralists, The court faction all satirized and painted a picture of a declining future.

Sign this long suicide note with your name and stamp it with your personal seal.

Before deciding to take his own life by swallowing laudanum and opium, he called his most loyal butler, who had been with him for many years since the Duke of Churchill's widow gave him an annuity, and asked him to give this suicide note to a person. And told him that it could only be made public after the peace treaty was completely signed.

After the butler left, Peter swallowed enough wine and opium to numb his central nervous system.

The recipient of that suicide note was not his relative, but his most fervent supporter, pen holder, and young fanatical opponent.

The youngest and most fervent Pete follower in history.

The great writer who created various details of Lord Bute and the king's mother's bed.

The founder of the fierce duel who ended up in bed with each other.

After being locked up, he caused the St. George's Field Massacre, and made the British shout "Death to the King! Death to the Lord Chancellor! Death to the Government!" He himself fanatically believed that the Scots were all garbage and the Irish were mentally retarded, and supported total war, aggression and expansion, and the first generation of British and American certified "Freedom Fighter" title winners.

John Wilkes.