New Shun 1730

As for the more distant future of Dashun, Lao Ma has made it very clear in "The Eighteenth Brumaire of Bonaparte" about the difference between "peasants of two eras".

When the peasants of France are under the flag of fleur-de-lis, they will stand with the petty bourgeoisie and the bourgeoisie and fight for the "small peasant economy".

When French farmers were under the tricolor flag, their small-scale peasant economy destined them to firmly oppose the bourgeoisie. This gave them the desire to stand with the workers and form an alliance.

The Dashun Uprising solved the problem of vassal kings in the previous dynasty, reshaped the small peasant economy in North China, solved the increasingly serious problems of tenant serfdom and the return of domestic slavery in East and Central China, and protected to a certain extent in Fujian and other places. The original Ruijin peasant uprising demanded the issue of permanent tenant rights.

In short, the current farmers in Dashun are not equivalent to the French farmers under the fleur-de-lis flag, but closer to the French farmers under the tricolor flag.

They may hope that "Li Zicheng" will be resurrected, or at least have someone in Li Zicheng's skin to protect their interests.

It is also possible that some of them will gradually wake up and eventually stand with the workers and form an alliance to oppose the essential problem that causes their hardship in life - the small real estate economy under private ownership and the free sale and purchase of land.

In fact, this tendency of Dashun is already very obvious.

As Lao Ma discussed about [Summoning the Undead]:

[Cromwell and the English people borrowed language, enthusiasm and fantasy from the Old Testament for their bourgeois revolution. When the real goal had been achieved, when the bourgeois transformation of British society had been achieved, Locke squeezed out the prophet Habakkuk in the Bible]

[The French bourgeoisie, dressed in Roman garb, summoned Brutus, the Gracchi brothers, the Senate, and even Caesar himself to divide the land into small estates. And when they succeeded, all the summoned undead disappeared. In their place were Cushing and Guizot. Just like the British Locke, who squeezed out the biblical prophet Habakkuk]

[Bourgeois society is completely immersed in the creation of wealth and peaceful competition, and has forgotten that the summoned ghost of ancient Rome once lightly guarded its cradle. But however lacking in heroism bourgeois society may be, its birth requires heroism, self-sacrifice, terror, civil war and national militancy.]

[It follows that in these revolutions the resurrection of the dead served to celebrate the new struggle rather than to imitate the old struggle]

This tendency has a very obvious trend in Dashun, and not only in Dashun but also in the Celestial Dynasty.

We must not be wearing Roman costumes here to summon Brutus, Caesar, or the Gracchi brothers.

The problem is that although there are no Gracchus brothers here, the Gracchus brothers have carried out the reform of the land equalization system and the strengthening of the government and military system. There is no shortage of them here, but the reformer is not named Gracchus.

On the Japanese side, they are calling upon the ancient great Confucians, the Dukes of Zhou and Confucius and Mencius.

On the other side of North Korea, they are calling for the restoration of Wangtian and the unity of Confucianism and Christianity.

On the Dashun side, we are summoning the three generations of Zhou Li, Jingtian division, Han extension, and Tang equalization.

[Scattered small farmers cannot represent themselves and must be represented by others. Their representative must at the same time be their master, an authority that stands above them, an unrestricted power of government that protects them from other classes and gives them rain and sunshine from above. . Therefore, in the final analysis, the political influence of small farmers is manifested in the administrative power dominating society. 】

[Historical tradition created a superstition among French peasants that a man named Napoleon would return all lost benefits to them. 】

The same is true in Dashun.

What small farmers want is a high authority and an unrestricted court.

Because in this era, only this kind of power can protect them from the infringement of other classes - from tyrants plundering land, from loan sharks ruining their families, from businessmen lowering food prices, from financiers using copper coins And the exchange rate of silver robs their wealth, and those who are not harmed by corrupt officials cannot survive.

So, when life fell into hardship, when land annexation accelerated, when usury pawn shops swallowed them up.

They will also develop a superstition, thinking that a person named Li Zicheng, Zhang Xianzhong, or even Zhang Jiao, Liu Che, and Zhu Yuanzhang will stand up and give them back everything they have lost.

Therefore, in countries where the small farmer economy is dominant, the bourgeoisie will always invent a word to give to these small farmers.

Lao Ma said that the French bourgeoisie re-invented the term vile multitude: the masses, the ignorant masses, the masses who worship the imperial system and oppose "progress".

In fact, it's not just France. In any country where the small-scale peasant economy is dominant, the bourgeoisie will always find words like "vile multitude" in their mother tongue vocabulary, such as mob, ignorance, and servility, and give them to the farmers.

Of course, it’s not just farmers either.

Just as the peasants were not "vile multitude" during the Iris period, but later became "the masses", the rest of the bottom class, or the backbone of society, are also likely to be installed as "the masses" by the bourgeoisie at the appropriate time. name.

But precisely, these bourgeoisie have forgotten that it is precisely what they did that pushed these [the masses] to the side of the empire and the strong government.

The bourgeoisie were anti-feudal, but their numbers were few.

Therefore, when the masses stick to the rules, the bourgeoisie is afraid of the ignorance of the masses.

However, small farmers are also anti-capital.

Therefore, when the masses have just become a little revolutionary, they are afraid of the awakening of the masses.

Small plots of land, homesteaders, men farming and women weaving were the foundation of the Dashun Empire.

[With the increasing disintegration of small land ownership, the state buildings built on it will collapse]

[The state centralization needed by modern society can only be established on the ruins of the military-bureaucratic government machinery forged in the struggle against the feudal system]

Therefore, the legacy Dashun wants to leave to China is not just the factories, billions of precious metals, steam engines, railways, and canals that may be developed.

Also, that important thing is the military, bureaucracy, and government machinery.

Bureaucracy, centralization, and the machinery of government are, themselves, the required legacies of the transition to modern society.

Lacking this legacy and only having steam engines, the transformation will often be very ugly. From the perspective of later generations, in places that lack a complete government tradition, even with machines, the process of essentially transforming into a modern society will be difficult.

So, this goes back to the very ridiculous aspect of the emerging classes in Dashun, which is what Liu Yu has said long ago, that these emerging classes in Dashun will support the monarchy, the emperor, and the court.

Of course, the essence is that they support a complete state apparatus and a stable environment.

In view of the actual situation in Dashun, only the emperor can control this perfect state machine and maintain a stable environment.

Because they themselves are incompetent, unable to rule, and unable to take over the entire state machinery of Dashun in a short period of time.

And if there is no current emperor, the small farmers will summon a more "retro" emperor to smash the emerging class to pieces.

It is also because their current interests require a strong centralized government, the army, bayonets, and warships to protect and maintain them.

Thus, there was "the basis for the development of industry and commerce under the emperor's rule."

Hence, Lao Ma’s sarcasm:

When the serious religious experts said at the Council of Constantine that the Pope was corrupt and that the custom must be reformed, the cardinal shouted loudly: Only the devil can save the Catholic Church now, but you ask for angels?

When the bourgeoisie faced a peasant dynasty based on small real estate ownership, the bourgeoisie could only shout loudly: Only the emperor can save bourgeois society!

As in, only thieves can save property!

Only breaking the oath can save religion!

Only an illegitimate child can save the family!

Only chaos can save order!

The Catholic Church should want angels, but the bishop knows that angels will destroy the Catholic Church, and it will take the devil.

Similarly, the bourgeoisie should not want the emperor, but they cannot say that the emperor can save bourgeois society.

This is correct.

The bourgeoisie has a sense of class and is very sensitive.

Because history has clearly demonstrated it, and it has also demonstrated both the pros and cons in East Asia:

In the west, when the bourgeoisie swallowed up small farmers, the end result was that small farmers and workers dug a hole to bury the bourgeoisie and bury the private ownership of small plots of land.

In the east, when the power of the bourgeoisie grew stronger, they firmly supported the Japanese emperors, and together with the Japanese emperors and the old feudal forces, they suppressed the resistance movements of farmers and workers.

As Lao Ma said: [When farmers are disappointed with the restoration of the monarchy, they will abandon their belief in their small piece of land (of course, before that, they will have illusions. They think there will be Gracchus and Caesar) , there will be Napoleon, there will be Huang Tian Zhangjiao, Juntian Li Tang, Broken Bowl Zhu Yuanzhang, and Juntian without grain for three years Li Zicheng will come to "save" them again)]

[(And once you start to be disappointed and abandon your belief in your own small piece of land), then all the national buildings built on this small piece of land will collapse]

[Thus, the proletarian revolution will have a chorus (that is, a chorus of workers and small farmers together)]

[And without this chorus (that is, small farmers need to understand that the source of their suffering is precisely the small real estate ownership they pursue, and they need to hand over the leadership of the revolution to the new class), its solo song in all peasant countries is It is inevitable to become a lonely bird wailing (that is, an infinite reincarnation under limitations)]

This has actually pointed out the way for Dashun.

Is Dashun a country of farmers?

Yes.

Is Dashun a small farmer economy?

Yes.

Is the private ownership of land in Dashun private and free to buy and sell?

Yes.

Then, the future "theoretical guidance" will be essentially clear.

In the future, there will be a chorus of workers and peasants, and the peasant class will need to hand over its leadership, otherwise it will be a lonely wailing and endless reincarnation.

Can Dashun summon the undead? In other words, is there a "heroic spirit" that history can summon?

Not only are there, but there are many undead souls that can be "summoned".

Various "heroic spirits" can be summoned, including those for equal fields, those for divided fields, those for royal fields, those that cannot be traded, those for limited fields, and those for well fields.

After Dashun summoned the dead such as "Habakkuk", "Caesar" and "Gracchus", did it kick these dead away and replace them with "Locke", "Guizot" and "Cushing"?

Obviously, there is. That is the "distorted scripture" that the practical school has now come up with.

And can the ideas of "Locke", "Guizot" and "Cushing" of Dashun strengthen the power of the bourgeoisie?

Yes.

Then, does the growth of the power of the bourgeoisie mean that the power of the workers is also increasing?

Of course. Because this is a feudal dynasty, not an era after full industrialization. In the feudal dynasty, every increase in the power of the bourgeoisie means that another small farmer and small producer will go bankrupt and become hired workers, and their power will continue to grow.

Does Dashun have the so-called [vile multitude] now?

Of course, because some so-called "progressives", so-called truly progressive radicals, have begun to call small farmers "ignorant rabble" who "block progress".

Therefore, starting from Liu Yu's northern expedition to Luocha, the "theoretical guidance" of the Dashun's reform that lasted for 30 years was actually very clear and unwavering.

Although this reform was cloaked in the guise of feudalism and even imperial autocracy. But still, it was a reform guided by a new historical perspective, carried out in a feudal dynasty, and aimed at burying the old forces.