New Shun 1730

It is precisely because Li Xi wanted to "create this condition".

So it is destined that capital is unwilling to come to build this kind of infrastructure road.

In fact, the reason is very simple.

Since it is necessary to "create" this condition.

Then, obviously, this condition is not yet available, otherwise why should it be created?

Since this condition is not available, the areas where the railway passes must be considered "wilderness" at this time. Even if it is not considered, it must be sparsely populated and inconvenient for transportation.

Therefore, it is not profitable in the short term.

And after waiting to create this condition, it will probably be profitable in ten or twenty years.

But, generally speaking, capital will not take the initiative to plan for ten or twenty years later.

Therefore, the problem of Dashun's road construction and infrastructure construction has become very troublesome.

For example.

Liu Yu reorganized the salt transport river of the King of Wu, or the canal connecting the Minjiang River from Wuyi Mountain, etc., which really did not lack capital. Because it is profitable, businessmen are of course willing to invest, and the rate of return is generally not low.

To put it bluntly, even if you build a lot of railways and canals in these places, you still can't solve the biggest problem of Dashun, that is, you can't solve the problem of people migrating to Yili and the banks of the Heilongjiang River.

That is to say, from the perspective of the entire country.

Where infrastructure is needed, social capital cannot be raised.

Where social capital is easily raised, it is not useless, but from the perspective of Dashun, it is not very meaningful.

Ideally, it would be best to solve it with national finances and labor, just like building the Grand Canal. If the tax system can be changed, the recruitment law can be implemented, and labor can be hired with money, that would be the best.

But in fact, this is not realistic.

The current fiscal revenue of the Dashun court is definitely much higher than it was 20 or 30 years ago, including the internal treasury.

But at the same time, Dashun's fiscal expenditure has also risen. Moreover, many fiscal expenditures cannot be cut.

For example, the navy, the registration subsidy for sailors' retirement, the granting of land to the South Ocean after the completion of service, overseas garrisons, Indian garrisons, the conquest of India, etc.

In addition, there is a large expenditure for repairing the Yellow River. Although it is true that immigration and migration are the real problems in digging canals, it does not mean that if immigration and migration are solved, digging canals will not cost money.

In places where there is no need to "create" such conditions, the invisible hand can solve the problem - there is no such thing as duplicate construction and disorderly development. The problem of British canal railways was caused by such disorderly repetition, and some people went bankrupt and some people made money. For the time being, this cyclical problem of capitalism will not cause big trouble to Dashun.

And in places where such conditions must be "created", the invisible hand cannot solve the problem.

Places where conditions already exist are not the real headaches for Dashun; places without conditions are where Li Li needs to think about creating conditions and let capital grab people to cultivate.

Even if the holder of this capital is the court itself, even if migration is carried out to continue small peasant family farms.

But if the transportation problem is not solved, when the empire has reached the expansion limit of the pre-steam era, even taxation is a problem, and it is impossible to complete the cycle of immigration-cultivation-taxation-immigration again.

In the final analysis.

Dashun has come to this point.

It is one thing that the west coast of Fusang is all Chinese land.

It is another thing that the people in Kyushu migrate quickly to solve the problem that the per capita land has reached the edge of collapse.

The former is really simple.

There is gold on the west coast, gold in Australia, and the population that has migrated there in recent years, and the reality that Dashun won the First World War and drew the "ocean frontier" to the Cape of Good Hope.

In fact, the Chinese already have a population advantage in Australia and North America.

The Protestants on the east coast of North America were blocked by the French and Indians to the east of the Appalachian Mountains. That is the only population that can compete with Dashun's North American immigrants, and they are blocked to the east of the Appalachian Mountains. In the short term, the Chinese have no pressure in North America.

Not to mention Australia.

So, from the perspective of a hundred or two hundred years, the matter of all being Chinese land has actually been completed now.

However, the latter is different.

The latter requires drastic and super-large-scale migration. To ensure that the number of people migrating each year reaches a million, it is possible to slightly solve the problem of the contradiction between people and land.

Otherwise, when the transformation is completed, it will be extremely painful.

To put it simply.

Is it based on the national entity of the Central Plains Kyushu?

Or is it based on the blood relationship of the Chinese people?

Let's simplify it a little more.

If we follow the former idea, then, are the people in Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangxi, etc. who cannot obtain the "benefits of colonization in the ocean age" human beings?

Do we need to consider the suffering they will inevitably face in the future?

If not, or in other words, we don't need to consider them.

Then, in fact, it doesn't matter that Dashun has come to this point.

Whatever happens, it's okay to toss and die, or wait for death slowly. Liu Yu has already obtained the last dividend of the Age of Discovery and completed the final division of the so-called "New World". The Chinese can already get an absolute advantage in the future Pacific Rim.

But if it is, or in other words, we have to consider them.

Then, we must continue to toss and turn.

Moreover, it is obvious that Liu Yu can no longer struggle, and he needs to find someone who can continue to struggle and take over the last baton.

Lao Ma said: [The new era cannot be opened until all superstitions about the past are eliminated]

Historically, the Manchu Qing Dynasty did a "very good" job in this matter - it completely eliminated the people's superstition of the imperial system, and because of its alien attributes and indifferent nature, the process of elimination was Greatly accelerated.

Of course, there are flaws. That is to say, some illusions such as "if he were the emperor of his own race" were left behind, but this illusion is not a big problem. After the "superstition" of the traditional imperial system was completely eliminated by the Qing Dynasty's inaction, it was impossible to go back.

Now, Dashun really needs someone to take over this baton and complete the historical journey of destroying the old things.

Moreover, this task must be done from the perspective of "doing people's work and paying attention to small farmers", or at least pretending to be so. When the bubble bursts in the end, the broad masses of the people can completely get rid of their illusions about the holy king and the good emperor.

Such as the words in "Stepan Rasin": "Yes, I am guilty, I admit that I am guilty. But my sin is not because of rebellion. My sin comes from the fact that I am a fool and actually believe There is a good emperor, but he actually thinks that it would be better to change to a kinder emperor!”

Of course, Dashun will now complete this historical journey after Liu Yu left. In addition to getting rid of these superstitions about old things, they must also complete early transformation and rapid industrial development, especially the heavy industry of the steam age. The foundation is laid.

Dual mission.

Obviously, it now seems that Li Han is the closest person among the princes to being the "best candidate to take the last scapegoat for the traditional monarchy" in terms of economic and policy thinking.

The prince is not very good.

It's not that it's just because of Chu Di's radical policies.

It's because Liu Yu and the prince had an in-depth discussion before and found that the prince really didn't even scratch the surface of the crooked methodology.

For example, the issue of road construction.

The prince is not saying that he does not support road construction, nor is he saying that he does not support shipping or anything like that.

On the contrary, judging from the prince's radical reforms in the Chu region, the prince is not opposed to supporting infrastructure construction and improving transportation efficiency.

But the idea is completely different from Li Han's.

Li Han's idea is very clear. He just follows Liu Yu's rhythm and reverses the old horse's knowledge - surplus value is not generated from circulation, but it is realized in circulation. The biggest shortcoming that currently prevents the reclaimable wasteland that Dashun already owns from meeting the conditions to generate surplus value is solving the circulation problem. And if the circulation problem can be solved, the conditions for realizing surplus value can be met, and capital can be prompted to go there. Using surplus value as a temptation, Dashun's millions of "relatively surplus population" can quickly become capitalist. The “wage workers” in the system.

To solve the "circulation" problem, we need to build infrastructure and transport.

To develop infrastructure and transportation, we must develop heavy industry.

To develop heavy industry, we need to figure out where the capital comes from, and solve the problem of invisible hands that capital is not willing to concentrate on industries where investment is large and returns are slow.

The prince also supports road construction, and his thinking is more like "building roads is good, so we must build roads." At most, it can be convenient for suppression, disaster relief, and border guarding.

This gap is huge.

It's not that what the prince thinks is wrong, it's definitely right. It can't be said that it's wrong to facilitate disaster relief or border defense.

In fact, the convenience of suppression, the deployment of troops, the prevention of rebellion, disaster relief, and border defense were all what Liu Yu had deceived the old emperor before.

In other words, it is a set of things that cover the skin of feudal imperial power and create the conditions required for the development of capitalism.

but.

The prince talks about skin.

Li Han finally talked about bones.

Just like the "skin and bones" of the Physiocratic School that had begun to emerge in France at this time.

[The feudal appearance of the Physiocratic School system—completely resembling the aristocratic tone of the Enlightenment era—will inevitably make many feudal lords become enthusiastic supporters of this system, which essentially announces the establishment of a bourgeois production system on the ruins of feudalism. and communicators]

Is it possible for a feudal aristocrat to fanatically support or even spread the bourgeois production system?

Of course it's possible.

However, if you want to move forward, the real person in charge must understand what the essence of this thing is.

Nobles and feudal lords can follow a flock of geese in a daze, but those who "herd the geese" must understand where they should go, instead of becoming part of that flock of geese.

Since Li Han has already talked about "bones".

Then, Liu Yu asked about Pi instead.

Then he asked: "So, Your Highness, apart from the Yellow River incident, the three most important things that the court should do in the next twenty years seem to be the first is to build a railway from Beijing to Heilongjiang; the second is to cross Longxi from Xijing The railway to Luntai; the third is a large wooden ship with a sail and a steamer that can reach Fuso in two or three months."

"The rest, such as coal mines, iron smelting, and coal stations on islands along the way, are all considered auxiliary."

"Everything should focus on these three things."

Liu Yu did not ask questions such as "how to repair it" or "where does the money come from?"

I didn't ask for any details.

Rather, ask about something that sounds very general.

Seeing that Liu Yu did not ask where the capital came from, Li Han turned to ask about it and said: "If the Duke of the country said this, you can actually say that this is what I mean."

"Xijing passes through Longxi to Luntai, which is not only used to relocate people, but also to guard the border. The Rakshasa Kingdom should be an enemy in the future and must be guarded against. The Western Regions and other places have been in chaos for hundreds of years and have unrest on the border. They should also be wary of it."

"As for using troops elsewhere, there is no need to think too much about it."

"If Japan, Korea, etc. have coastal areas, things will be easier to handle."

"The same principle applies to Annan and Myanmar. If you can transport it by sea, why do you have to go through the dense forests and mountains?"

"The southwest has changed its land and returned to its current state...Since ancient times, there has never been a serious patient in the imperial court in the southwest. Moreover, there is the Yangtze River, and there are also Sichuan, Shu, Xiangchu and other places nearby. They are all hinterland, with food and people. This is easy to say."

"And if you go to the snowy plateau, it will be easier. Once you get there, you will have Bengal, and it will be easier to advance from there. Secondly, even if you advance, you will only need three to five thousand troops."

"Therefore, only the road from Xijing to Luntai must be dealt with. Even if we do not consider relocation of civilians, but only consider military and border settlement, it must be completed."

"Not to mention the big wooden ship with a sail and a steamer that can reach Fusang in two or three months."

"In this way, I will use the railway from Beijing to Heilongjiang to try to explain its benefits and its many benefits in relieving the poverty of people and land. I also ask the Lord to correct me."

Li Han paused for a moment and chose a very remote entry point as the topic of this question.

"The Duke should know that since the reform, the migrant population in the Liao River Basin has been increasing day by day. It can be said that it is something that was unimaginable thirty years ago."

"In the past, due to the lessons learned from the previous dynasty, the court encouraged migration, but the number of migrations in recent years has not been too large."

"However, since the changes in Songsu, immigration has increased significantly."

"The reason lies in the word bean."

"But this is just an appearance, and in the final analysis, all the bustle in the world is for profit, and all the hustle and bustle in the world is for profit. Since growing beans is very profitable, there is capital to enclose the land to grow beans and hire more people. Every year along the Liao River The best one is no more than one or two hundred thousand."

"But in recent years, the rate of population migration has slowed down significantly."

"It's not that soybeans are no longer marketable, but that the land is convenient for transportation and close to the Liao River. With the population increasing and the land being cultivated, there is really not much room for growth."

"As for remote places and places not suitable for transportation, even though there are still many wastelands, capital is unwilling to go there. If capital is unwilling to go, it will be difficult to bring people to move and cultivate."

"If there is a disaster and the imperial court pays for the relocation, it often has to be moved to a place far away from the Liao River and where transportation is inconvenient. Since transportation is inconvenient and the people are mostly self-sufficient, even regular taxation is extremely difficult."

"When they arrived without money, they couldn't levy money because they didn't have money. The newly migrated people have land, so who will sell this grain to?"

"Secondly, if physical goods are collected, it will be of little use. If the goods are collected in kind, they will be difficult to transport, worn out along the way, and the people will have to work hard, so it would be better not to collect them. Or, even if they are collected, they will be placed locally for regular use."

"Therefore, the number of people migrating to Guandong in recent years has dropped sharply compared to before."

"But if you think about it carefully, the potential is huge. If the operation is good, the transportation problem is solved, and the railway is built, I think that just using the benefits of beans to attract capital for land reclamation, three to five million immigrants can be immigrated a year. Not a problem.”

"This bean market can grow significantly as long as it is done properly."

"The direction of this huge increase is at three o'clock."

"One, Nanyang."

"Second, the Japanese country."

"Third, Su and Shandong."

"In the South China Sea, we have to talk about driving the Netherlands, attacking India, and even decisively fighting in the Atlantic Ocean."

"If Nanyang wants beans, fatten them first and then eat them."

"The Chinese people went to Southeast Asia. After the migration, their food still recalled the taste of their hometown. And Southeast Asia is not suitable for the growth of soybeans. You must buy Northeastern beans."

"Of course, it's a small thing to eat."

"Big head, he's still getting fatter."

"Previously, the Dutch were growing sugar in Nanyang, and something went wrong."

"In terms of sales, firstly, Japan closed its doors, secondly, there was chaos in Persia, and thirdly, Caribbean sugar became popular in Europe."

"In terms of competition, because the price of Bangladeshi sugar is getting lower and lower, Nanyang sugar does not have much advantage."

"Today, in terms of sales, Caribbean sugar is beyond the control of the DPRK and cannot compete. However, Japan and Persia are within the DPRK's sphere of influence and have no competitors."

"As for production competition, since our country controls Bangladesh, can we still allow Bangladesh's sugar industry to develop? As long as we use some measures, such as taxing Bangladeshi sugar cane or taxing Nanyang sugar, we can within a few years. Complete destruction of the sugar cane plantations of Bengal.”

"In this case, in fact, as long as the imperial court uses more measures to control commercial trade, then Nanyang Sugar will be the only sugar-producing area from the Cape of Good Hope to Japan."

"To grow sugarcane, you need fertilizer. Soybean cake is the best to fertilize the fields. So, in fact, the court only needs to use some means to destroy the sugarcane plantations and sugar pressing industry in Bengal..."

"Of course, the boom in Nanyang sugar has also given Northeastern beans a chance to thrive - as long as the transportation problem is solved, capital will flock to the Songliao watershed to cultivate beans and recruit people as workers."

"I talk about the three directions of the soybean surge. The Nanyang surge is focused on destroying India's sugar industry and sugar cane plantations."

"Once the sugar cane plantations in Bangladesh are destroyed, not to mention the Nanyang sugar industry, but only the migration from the Northeast, more than 100,000 people will be engaged in farming and planting beans every year."

"Therefore, even if the railway in Northeast China is built, the court's focus should be on India. If the key point is not seen through, even if the road is built, it may not be successful."

"Therefore, we cannot cut off trade, abolish the navy, or even abolish the military pay for the Indian conquest. We must pay attention to this."

"Besides the South China Sea, there are also Japan, Su and Lu. There are other theories about this as well."