If measured by the solar system, fifty light years is equivalent to 25 solar systems.

Zou Botao wanted to know the reason for Xu Qiu's conjecture, so he asked, "Director Xu, the high-energy neutrinos produced by a supernova explosion can instantly cook the creatures on the blue star from the inside out."

"If the distance is close enough, let alone a living thing, even a blue star will quickly oxidize in just one second!"

"And the blue star is facing the side where the supernova exploded, and the atmosphere and ocean were instantly destroyed and turned into nothingness..."

"Even if life survives, it has to face the deadly ultraviolet rays, gamma rays and high temperature after losing the protection of the ozone layer, and these rays will further destroy the remaining ozone layer and generate nitrous oxide smog at the same time... "

"At that time, the surface of the earth will become a restricted area for life, and human beings will have to turn to the underground to survive...〃

Having said this, Zou Botao's eyes became brighter and brighter.

Yes, the explosion of a supernova seems to be unable to bring low temperature, on the contrary, it will turn the earth into a hot hell!

However, whether it is severe cold or flame hell, the dungeon is by far the most feasible and the strongest defense method!

Yang Shaowei, a senior astronomer of Longguo Aeronautics and Space Administration and the key project leader of the 'Supernova Explosion Destruction Radius' said:

"Director Xu, Professor Zou, according to our research, the destruction radius of a supernova explosion is about 50 billion light-years."

"That is, within 50 billion light years, all celestial bodies and planets will be destroyed, and 50 billion to 200 billion light years is the distance that can cause large or small impacts, exceeding 200 billion light years, unless the planet It's very massive, otherwise it's basically impossible to make an impact."

"In the existing physical research and astronomical exploration, the explosion of a supernova will produce a gamma-ray burst, and a gamma-ray burst will pose a fatal threat to any life. But... we have found that it is not All supernova explosions produce gamma-ray bursts!"

"When the nuclear fusion reaction in the core of a supermassive star can no longer provide the energy required to support the weight of the star's outer layers, the star's core collapses into a super-dense neutron star or black hole, and the rest of the matter is ejected into the universe in a supernova explosion..."

"The stellar matter expands rapidly outward like a nearly spherical foam, but at a speed much slower than the speed of light. And this explosion does not produce a gamma-ray burst!"

"If... this supernova erupts, it happens to be about 50 billion to 200 billion light-years away, and there is no gamma-ray burst, and at the moment of the eruption, the blue star just hides on the other side of the sun, Avoiding the peak of this eruption, then...the possibility of the Little Ice Age really exists!"

"The explosion of a supernova has the greatest impact on the blue star, and it is the atmosphere!"

"The most directly related to the atmosphere is the climate and temperature!!"

Yang Shaowei's words shocked many people in the venue.

Such a wonderful coincidence can only occur when the four factors of the burst distance, burst time, burst method, and the relative positions of the blue star and the supernova at the burst are all consistent.

However, everyone did not question it at all.

In astronomy, no matter how small the probability is, it is worth thinking and exploring, because the birth of the universe and life was originally a beautiful accident!

It is more difficult to create a universe with intelligent life than a monkey randomly knocking 26 English letters, and after billions of tens of billions or even longer, knock out a "Bible" word for word. "It's all going to be hard!" !

Zou Botao turned his gaze back to Xu Qiu, he wanted to hear Xu Qiu's explanation.

"Professor Yang's theory is valid."

Xu Qiu's words made Yang Shaowei hold his head up, feeling a sense of accomplishment in his heart.

Xu Qiu then asked a question, "Do you know about the Ordovician mass extinction?"

Zou Botao wondered, "Is this related to the explosion of a supernova?"

Some biologists said: "It has been more than 4 million years since the Ordovician mass extinction, how can the truth be unknown, but the current mainstream accepted theory in the world is the 'plate drift theory', which has nothing to do with supernova explosions

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"Before the Ordovician mass extinction, the north and south poles of Blue Star were originally oceans. Although they will freeze in winter, the thickness of the ice cover is limited."

"But at the end of the Ordovician, the plate movement of the blue star floated part of the land to the Antarctic, and soon formed a huge ice sheet."

"Ice and snow fell on the Antarctic land and no longer melted. The blue star's atmospheric circulation and ocean circulation were also affected, which also triggered a sharp drop in global temperature, which in turn caused more water to become glaciers."

"As a result, the sea level has dropped by tens of meters, and the sea has become colder and less oxygenated!"

"The glaciers locked the water, the sea level dropped sharply, and the original rich coastal biosphere was destroyed, resulting in the extinction of more than 80.00% of five species..."

Many scientists who have studied paleontology nodded one after another.

This is the mainstream view of the Ordovician extinction, and it really has nothing to do with supernova explosions.

Xu Qiu smiled and shook his head. He looked at Yang Shaowei and asked, "Do you know Fe.60?"

Hearing this metal ion, Yang Shaowei's eyes showed surprise.

"Director Xu, do you know about Fe-60?"

This is the rare radioactive metal that the field of supernova explosions focuses on.

Many scholars at home and abroad have found that Fe.60 seems to be related to the explosion of supernovae. However, many astronomers and physicists are studying the specific relationship.

Xu Qiu nodded.

"After a supernova explodes, a lot of debris is produced."

"And these fragments contain the elements fused inside the supernova, the most valuable of which is Fe-60o"

Yang Shaowei nodded, with helplessness in his eyes, and said: "Director Xu, you are right, we are all aware of this. But... the relevant international institutions that study supernova explosions have been looking for Fe. 60 traces, but there is still no harvest."

Fe-60, an iron isotope with four more neutrons than the conventional isotope, has a half-life of about 260 million years.

If the Fe-60 scattered on the surface of the blue star can be found, and the age of its existence can be calculated according to the half-life and number of decays, it can be roughly inferred when the blue star has experienced a superplanet explosion.However.…

The blue star is boundless, and the surface area alone has more than 5 million square kilometers. It is hard to imagine the difficulty of finding Fe-60 that can only be seen with an electron microscope on the vast blue star!

A smile appeared on Xu Qiu's face, "Of course I can't find it. If you want to find Fe-60 in nature, I'm afraid it will take hundreds or thousands of years to discover the debris deposited on the blue star by the supernova explosion. "

"What's more, when a supernova explodes, if the distance is too close, the blue star will be destroyed directly. Only in a relatively far position can the Fe-60 be left without destroying the blue star. In this case, There will be very few Fe.60 elements that can reach the blue star."

"This very small amount of Fe-60 may also be diluted by natural iron on land, or it may be washed away by water after millions of years of erosion."

"Yes..." Yang Shaowei smiled wryly.

This is the common problem encountered by scholars currently studying supernova explosions, and there has been no solution for decades.

Zou Botao was also silent.

Although he studies weak interaction parity violation, he also has a certain understanding of supernova explosions.

The current academia has been trying to find traces of Fe.60 in nature, but nothing has been found so far.

A gleam of hope flashed in his eyes, and he looked up at Xu Qiu.

Could it be... what can he do?

Xu Qiu's words were very plain, but they were shocking. He said, "You are looking in the wrong direction. The evidence of a supernova should be at the bottom of the sea."

"On the exposed bedrock of the underwater mountains on the seabed, a black mineral is slowly growing. Its growth rate is measured by tens of millions of years. At the same time, it is rich in a large amount of rare metals, perhaps including Fe-60o M

"If this black mineral can be found, it will be discovered that the aftermath of a supernova explosion brought disaster to the blue star [-] million years ago!"

The implication is that the Ordovician mass extinction was related to the explosion of a supernova! !

Yang Shaowei and others are short of breath, this is a theory that has never appeared before!

A supernova explosion, this is a celestial body, and its evidence... is actually on the bottom of the sea? !

Everyone knows that Xu Qiu's physics knowledge is very deep!

Even Zou Botao, who once won the Nobel Prize in Physics, felt ashamed!

As for Xu Qiu's words, it can't be the self-indulgent lies of folk scientists, they must be supported by enough theories...

Yang Shaowei immediately made a decision. When this meeting is over, he immediately asked his team of 'Superplanet Explosion and Destruction Radius' to change the direction of research, and set their sights on the seabed... If they really found what Xu Qiu said The black mineral, and Fe.60 was extracted from it, the trace left by the superplanet explosion on the blue star, which will be discovered by Longguo for the first time.And the truth of the Ordovician mass extinction will also be revealed! !

Xu Qiu gave a more specific explanation and said.

"Like the Ordovician mass extinction, the ancients may also be experiencing the same period. The global climate has decreased, glaciers have thickened, and the Little Ice Age has come..."

"After the explosion of a supernova, the explosion produced a large number of rays, and at the same time, pushed the thick dust cloud to the entire universe, until at the end, the energy of the supernova explosion was almost exhausted, and only the dust cloud was still moving under the aftermath.. ..."

"And when the dust cloud expands at a speed of [-] kilometers per second, in the end, only transparent invisible matter remains."

"And these substances are just between the blue star and the sun, affecting the blue star's radiation and absorption of sunlight. A large amount of sunlight is affected by invisible substances, refracted and emitted..."

"So... Blue Star's Little Ice Age has come!"

Everyone was horrified.

This theory... is indeed unassailable!

After experiencing a burst of high-energy radiation, the dust cloud is heated, and tangible substances and components, such as oxygen, sulfur, hydrogen, and ammonia, will be broken down, leaving only the invisible substances in the universe.

However, if these substances happen to block the sunlight during the process of spreading, then...the blue star that has lost solar radiation does have the possibility of returning to the ice age!

In physicist circles, there is a terrible truth.

That is, if the effects of an event travel at the speed of light, it would be impossible for humans to detect the event until it affects them.

If an abnormal gamma-ray burst is happening not far from the blue star, it travels at the speed of light and carries enough energy to destroy the blue star, but because it is too fast, humans will only know what happened at the moment of destruction.

Even, just at that moment, the blue star died, and all life evaporated, no one had time to feel the pain of death!

Similar to supernova explosion, vacuum decay and so on.

No one knows if these things have already happened somewhere and are on their way to Blue Star.

No one knows how long it will be, maybe tens of millions of years, maybe the next second.

Therefore, Zou Botao and others were able to accept and believe in such a short period of time after knowing the prophecy of "the sun goes out".

Because there are too many variables in the universe. At one second, the blue star is still pregnant with infinite life. In the next second, it may become a melting pot, or an ocean of radiation, or return to the ice age, or even

Or directly evaporate...

Zou Botao stood up, bowed respectfully to Xu Qiu, and said, "Director Xu's idea is very bold! The explosion of a supernova is indeed the most reasonable guess at present!"

Whether it is changes in seawater salinity or mantle plumes, it is difficult to affect the global climate, let alone reduce the temperature by [-] to [-] degrees.

At this moment, Zou Botao looked at Xu Qiu with more and more puzzlement and admiration.

Just a difference engine is enough to shock the entire mechanical world.

Now, Xu Qiu has put forward the theory of seabed minerals. If Yang Shaowei's team really digs out black minerals on the bedrock of the deep seabed and extracts Fe-60 left by superplanet explosions, I am afraid that the entire physics and astronomy circles will A new era will usher in...

Even the several extinctions of paleontological generations will be re-studied! !

The meeting ended with Xu Qiu's supernova explosion theory.

At this moment, when everyone felt the slight tremor of the earth again, they no longer had any fear.

Compared with the explosion of the universe and celestial bodies, the earthquake on the blue star is really insignificant.

Zou Botao stood outside the hall with his hands behind his back, and Yang Shaowei and other physicists stood behind without saying a word.

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