The Director's Road of Airflow

Formal debate competitions require drawing lots to determine the pros and cons.Usually WeGeek will also operate in this way, but the topic discussed today is a bit special.What we need is not for the guests to be divided into pros and cons, looking for arguments and arguments in order to win the debate.

The trolley paradox is an ethical question, and it will never have a unified, standard answer, nor does it require people with different views to try to convince each other.What really counts are the ethical values ​​and principles that each person expresses when they articulate the reasons for their choices.

Lu Ming still made the same choice as when he was 14 years old, turning the tram onto the side track and saving five people.In this debate, choosing to save five people is recorded as the positive side, while choosing to save one person is recorded as the negative side.

The first to speak was the opposing party, Wu Jianyi.Wu Jianyi was born in 87. He graduated from the History Department of National Taiwan University with a bachelor's degree. He obtained a master's degree in political science in Hong Kong Chinese. After the master's degree, he went to the United States to study for a doctorate.Currently teaching in the History Department of Shanghai Jiaotong University.Yes, there is also a Humanities College and a History Department in the SJTU.In order to better build a comprehensive university, Shanghai Jiaotong University has actually consciously recruited relevant talents in the past few years. Compared with Peking University, Fudan University, and Nanjing University, Shanghai Jiaotong University has some advantages. For example, the college is still young and willing to recruit all kinds of talents. Pay attention to the integration with international East Asian studies.In humanities and social sciences, KoGuan Law School and Antai School of Management, which have been handed over, are the best in development momentum. They are small and sophisticated, and they are the key development targets of the school.

This long list of titles makes Wu Jianyi appear very authoritative. Every time he speaks on WeGeek, those who refute after him often lose half of their momentum unconsciously.

"I will choose to move forward because this is what would happen naturally. Assuming that the role of 'me' is removed from this situation, things will continue to develop like this. So my choice is actually not to choose, I Not to interfere in this matter, I don't think I have the right to decide the life and death of others, so I will not make any changes and let the matter continue on its original track."

There was applause at the scene, and Wu Jianyi successfully presented a point of view: We have no power to decide the life and death of others, and choosing not to change the direction of development of things is equivalent to being absent from this scene.

The flow of WeGeek's program is uncertain, and the recording process is very casual. If anyone wants to speak, just turn on the microphone and say it.

Lu Ming immediately refuted this point of view. If Sister Yang was present, she would definitely not advise Lu Ming to make such a risky move that would easily be considered too strong.

"Ms. Wu's statement was made from the perspective of personal principles. You think that if you intervene in this matter, you are deciding the life and death of others, so you choose not to intervene.

But not to intervene is also a choice, and not to choose is a choice.If you are already in such a situation, there is no way for you to get away from it. It is fate that connects your lives, and whether you choose or not will affect the fate of the other six people.Your presence has already had an impact on their lives, and it's impossible to undo that impact.Your choice is essentially just honoring your own values.

It is not only the unreal existence that is above all else. Some people may call it "God" that determines a person's destiny. Each of us participates in the lives of others, and it is bound to have a big or small impact on their life trajectory. This is not something that can be changed by refusing to choose. "

Lou Mingde, another guest present, showed great interest in Lu Ming's statement, saying: "Wu Jianyi and Lu Ming come and go, which actually shows a very interesting point. Just like what Lu Ming said, In fact, you are already in this scene, and there is no way for you to withdraw.

In fact, the topic of the trolley paradox has been discussed hundreds of times by countless people. The view proposed by Wu Jianyi is a very oriental view, or a very Chinese view.We believe in 'fate', and sometimes feel as if the five people standing there are their fate, their fate is fixed, I just watch as a bystander, I shouldn't take the initiative to participate in it, and change my fate against the sky.It may not be accurate, but there is something to it.

If you look at the discussions on this issue in Western classrooms, you will rarely hear Wu Jianyi’s views, because they naturally think that I must do something because I am here.In fact, you can also see some signs of this difference from film and television dramas.American blockbusters are often about a person who has superpowers or knows some great secrets, and the burden of saving the world falls on his/her shoulders. After some struggles, he/she succeeds in saving the world. A very personal expression of heroism.Then our country has also begun to emerge a number of commercial blockbusters in recent years, and they also discuss the proposition of saving the world. You will find that our screenwriters are more inclined to cooperate, relying on the power of a group of people to do something. This group of people It can even be all human beings, and all human beings are working hard in one direction for one goal. This is also very touching, right?In fact, this point is very interesting. "

The opposing party, Ma Boyuan, put forward another point of view: "I will choose to continue driving because I feel that if I were the worker standing at the end of the side track, I would not be willing to sacrifice myself to save five people who are not related to me. people."

Tong Kexin, the affirmative, immediately asked: "Then what if you replace the five workers at the end of this track? Don't you want to be rescued?"

Ma Boyuan's answer was straightforward: "No. Because I think it's unfair to sacrifice others to save myself, so even if I were one of those five people, I wouldn't."

Tong Kexin’s comment on this is: “Teacher Ma’s views are very idealistic. In fact, until that scene, you have no way to know the reaction you will give at that time. I still think that if most people are in that situation, they would hope Being saved and wanting to live is the instinct of every person with a healthy mental state, and issues involving life and death may not necessarily be measured by moral principles.”

At this time, Lu Ming raised a new question: "Let's temporarily put aside the question of 'If you are one of the five people, do you want the driver to save you', let's look at the logic of Teacher Ma's expression. What you expressed The point of view is that you put yourself in someone else's role, what you think other people will think, and then you push yourself and think you should. But now you're making the decision, aren't you? Why look at it from someone else's point of view?"

Lou Mingde, who was in charge of the town, went off to participate in the discussion again: "Actually, I just wanted to mention what Lu Ming said. Let's think about it carefully. Is this similar to Wu Jianyi's choice? In fact, I still don't want to stand on the sidelines." Instead of looking at problems from the standpoint of a role that decides the life and death of others, you have to put yourself in the standpoint of the person who is determined to make a choice. In fact, this is also a habit of thinking. Some people always think about 'what do I think, what do I think '. And some people will first think 'I do this, what will others think, what will others think of me'. In fact, these two ways of thinking can't distinguish which is better, this is a habit of thinking, and your own Personality, the environment in which you grew up, and the culture you come into contact with have a lot to do with it. It’s just that people who always start from the perspective of others may be a little more tired, because you think for others, and others may not appreciate it, and they may not think for you in the same way. It even involves a discussion of a pleasing personality. I personally think that sometimes people may return to themselves, and they will be more comfortable, comfortable, and relaxed."

The show later raised this issue to Consequentialist Moral Inference and Absolutist Moral Inference. At this time, Lou Mingde stopped to cue two celebrity guests.

In the eyes of He Yaocheng's fans, this is a kind of embarrassment. The program group knew that He Yaocheng became a trainee before graduating from high school, and even asked him this question because he wanted to see him make a fool of himself, and give another guest of the same period, Lu Ming, an embarrassment. Sedan.After the show was broadcast, they also brushed up on Lu Ming the topic of #娱乐圈帝子Lu Ming#, which means that the show group deliberately praised and trampled others, which is very disgusting.

But from an objective point of view, the contrast between Lu Ming and He Yaocheng is naturally formed, with its own pull and step, and no deliberate design is required.

After listening to Lou Mingde's explanation of these two terms, He Yaocheng replied: "One is judged from the results, and I don't seem to understand the other."

In fact, this answer is not too bad, it's quite honest, and he has always had "illiterate characters", and his fans often regard some of his nonsensical words as cute points.

No wonder Lu Ming didn't save face for him next, and said directly: "As far as I know, utilitarianism is derived from consequentialist moral inference, and the representative of absolutist moral judgment is the moral law proposed by Kant in the 18th century. ?"

In addition to memorizing and accumulating knowledge of literature, history and philosophy, there is another way to listen more and be influenced by what one sees and hears.

Lu Ming just learned to write a dozen or so Chinese characters when he was a child, and his grandmother recited Chinese Fu to him. Tang poetry and Song Ci were what Lu Ming's 5-year-old grandmother asked him to recite.

Lu Ming's grandmother is a Chinese teacher at Nankai Middle School in Chongqing. After retirement, besides doing calligraphy and painting Chinese paintings, she took her grandson to wander around.

She has been a teacher all her life, and she likes to create every opportunity in life to teach her little grandson new knowledge.

When Lu Ming was young, he was very tired of this ubiquitous teaching, but when he grew up, he still thanked his grandmother for guiding him on the road of learning consciously, so that he could develop good reading and thinking habits, so that he could face In the grotesque world, keep a piece of pure land in your heart, and don't be easily influenced by external forces.

Sister Yang was still a little worried when she stayed in the company. When she saw the WeChat message from the on-site staff saying that Lu Ming was doing very well, she finally let go of her worries and replied: No, I knew he could do it.

Sister Yang has been posting marketing announcements, and was scolded by fans from all walks of life on the Internet. One of the most common questions was "Are you heartless?".

In fact, Sister Yang also has intentions. She and Fang Rui started a business together. When she met the four children of Whirlwind Boy, she was only 28 years old, and her daughter was only half a year old. It was all in 2013.Eight years have passed in a blink of an eye, and her daughter has grown from a babbling baby to a little girl in the second grade.

In terms of marketing and hype, she may sometimes feel sorry for other artists, and even push people's popularity, but she alone did not feel sorry for the four children of Whirlwind Boy.

In the past two years, if there was any news about Lu Ming, she would suppress it as much as she could.

If it were someone else, she would have already given her orders, and repeated orders not to deviate.But she can't say serious things to Lu Ming, and she sometimes gets angry with herself. As a mother fan, she is really a mother fan who is used to doting.She supported and agreed to whatever they were going to do. Chen Yuhang wanted to study in the United States for four years when the traffic was at its peak, and she agreed; Li Haoxuan proposed that she would not want to take part in film and television dramas for four years of undergraduate studies, and she agreed; Lu Ming wanted to make his relationship public, and she agreed regardless of the dire consequences she might face; Sun Sifan, in order to get a movie she liked, after the investor withdrew his money, brought his own capital into the group, taking such a big risk, back and forth It took a total of 9 months to shoot, with almost zero exposure, and she agreed.

As a professional broker, she should veto any of these matters.

But as a companion who accompanies them to grow up, she can only accept it. All she can do is accept that the children will travel far when they grow up, accept that their wings are stiff and disobedient, and then watch them leave.

So after hearing that Lu Ming performed well, she was very happy and proud, just like an old mother who had been with the exam for many years and her son was finally admitted to Tsinghua University.

On the other hand, He Yaocheng's manager got angry.

As soon as he left the studio and got into the nanny's car, he started nagging.

"Hey, I shouldn't have promised you to participate in this show. Look, look, it's all right now. Lu Ming's stepping on the draft is indispensable. This wave of losses has caused you to be stepped on in vain. "

He Yaocheng answered, but he was very abnormal, he said: "What do you mean by being stepped on to the top? He is already in a higher position than me, right?"

The little assistant on the side understood it. This is a trick thrown by the boss for me to pick up. This is a great opportunity for myself to perform. It is right to step on Lu Ming and praise the boss. I will be promoted and raise my salary, and I will replace that fat man as soon as possible. Brokers are expected!

When he got excited, his words became exaggerated: "How can it be? Brother Cheng, look at the fans outside the car window, and look at your handsome face, oh my god, you are the hottest one right now Top class! Isn’t it that I know you are humble? I have never dared to say it. Just look at your posture after one drama after another. Your future is so promising! I will be shocked when I watch the next movie Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers actor, it is unknown if he breaks out of Asia! Can Lu Ming compare with you? As far as his love brain is concerned, the popularity of the past few years was only due to the benefits of the cultivation system, and he has already flopped to the limit. It's a small episode, from now on, he can't catch up with you even if he runs fast!"

After the little assistant finished speaking, he closed his eyes for a short while, showing a very satisfied smile, and thought: Now I have said everything to the boss's heart, wait for me to be praised.

Unexpectedly, the car was quiet for a long time.

After a while, I heard He Yaocheng's low voice: "But he is very good."