Mary Su Stuart

On April 1559, 4, the Treaty of Cato-Cambrezzi was officially signed.

When Mary began her reforms as gently as possible, a very important division of power was also completed in western Europe.

This treaty is not only a peace agreement between the Habsburgs and the Valois dynasty, it includes almost all the "countries" that believe in Christ - the Pope, the Italian states, the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and its German princes, England , Switzerland, even Sweden, Denmark and Poland - almost became the basis of relations among European countries for nearly a hundred years later.

As for the use of "almost", it is because there is a Mary Stuart who delusional to change history, and is working tirelessly in her own way.

However, her energy can't affect the content of the peace agreement yet.

According to the peace treaty, France recovered the lost lands such as St. Quentin and left Metz, Thule and Verdun; they gave up competing with Spain for Thionville, Valence, etc.; most importantly, they basically returned the previous 30 years. All the fruits of the conquest in Italy.

Calais, which had been occupied by England for many years, finally "returned to the embrace of the motherland".The French army is currently the occupier of the place, and it doesn't have to be returned to England in the future-as long as they pay 50 livres and send five noble nobles as hostages, they can continue to rule there.If you think about it a little bit, you will know that it is a disguised form to redeem the territory.

Generally speaking, the treaty is not very beneficial to France, but after all, they have retained the most important pieces of territory-as for the rest of the area, although the sovereignty is fragmented, the "Germans" and "Italians" are not easy to conquer or assimilate.Moreover, by using the marriage, France strengthened the buffer zone on the border, reducing the threat of strong neighbors on land.

It should be noted that Lorraine in the north and Savoy in the south were once staunch allies of the Habsburg royal family; now that they are in-laws with Valois, they have to follow suit.

The child adopter, the Duke of Lorraine, married Princess Claude in January 1559.Henry II gave his second daughter a generous dowry, and the French army withdrew from the duchy.Emmanuel Filiberto, Duke of Savoy, married his royal sister Margaret at an "advanced age" of 1 years old - the pure French princess was even five years older than him.He was very satisfied with the bride's dowry (that is, all the Savoy territory lost by his ancestors), and said with pleasure that he would love his wife deeply and maintain the relationship between the two countries.

The border tends to be peaceful, and the Valois royal family and the Habsburg family can imagine that there will be more harmony.Moreover, there was a marriage that allowed them to go one step further—Henry II's eldest daughter, 14-year-old Elizabeth, was indeed engaged to Philip II.

"The overall situation has been decided." Henry II sitting in Paris, while stroking his mustache, enjoyed the caress of his concubine Diana, feeling extremely comfortable. "Nowadays, Spain can't be united with England at will. Besides, a Protestant queen, Philip that boy must be very disgusted..."

It is June 1559.A few days ago, the wedding of Philip II (using a proxy) and Elisabeth de Valois had been held at Notre Dame Cathedral, and soon it was the turn of the Duke of Savoy.

Although his eyes were red from the fight with the French before, Filiberto and the princess are friendly at this time, their eyes intertwined and there is even a bit of tenderness.His former comrades-in-arms, the Duke of Alva of Spain and other celebrities also attended in a polite and well-dressed manner.And William of Orange-Nassau, a Spanish servant, a famous nobleman from the Netherlands, also accompanied him-although he was not a brilliant general, he was brave enough to participate in the jousting and won a lot of praise.

At the martial arts tournament, the highlight of the wedding celebration, the one who received the most applause was naturally the host Henry II who swept the audience.He was already powerful, skilled in horsemanship, and imposing.The black-and-white flag he used—which the lady had used to represent herself since she was a widow when she was young—enhanced his title of the Merry King.He was full of ambition, drank to his heart's content, and indulged in round after round of banquets.

Catherine vaguely remembered Nostradamus' prophecy.Therefore, when everyone was having fun, the queen ignored Diana, who was still radiant at nearly sixty years old, and kept careful attention to her husband's equipment every time he played.

Another equally cautious, is the Dauphin François.

Mary was unable to return to France this time because of the "unstable situation" in Scotland.Without the company of the princess, he felt very lonely.So, he read every letter from her over and over again, and he kept his wife's exhortations in mind—Mary emphasized that knightly contests were always dangerous, and this time she felt particularly worried, as if God had warned her.Therefore, when it was inconvenient for him to play, Francois took the initiative to intervene in logistics, cared closely, and did his best, especially to eliminate potential disasters for his closest father.

Fortunately, none of the accidents that the mother and son were worried about happened.

Congratulations to the successful conclusion of the wedding ceremony!

When the Duke and Duchess of Savoy returned to their territory, the extravagant celebrations in Paris finally came to an end.The Louvre returned to calm, and the Paris High Court breathed a sigh of relief: now that the royal family is deeply in debt, France desperately needs peace, peace, and peace to restore its vitality.

Mary, far away in Scotland, is also praying to her God: peace, peace, peace.

Peace is the most important foundation for development and growth.

Fortunately, for now, her kingdom is in pretty good shape.It has been less than a year since the innovation, and the production and life of the common people are still stable, and have not been reduced by the policies she implemented. Reforms have always had advantages and disadvantages, and Mary never dared to hope for rapid progress; so far, there have been no bad results, and there is no need to use her reserved relief You should be thankful for that.

And the nobles, who were fed by her with the property of the monastery and suppressed by Boswell, are currently behaving very well.Mary guessed that Elizabeth was still fledgling, and even if they decided to join her, it would still take a lot of time.

However, the smug Mary knew that she must not take Elizabeth lightly.That cousin, because of Henry VIII's tricks, the succession has been erratic, and she has been swinging between the throne and the guillotine for a long time.Therefore, this former "illegitimate daughter" princess is tough and cautious, hypocritical and cunning, and knows how to survive in adversity better than Mary.

With Scotland's military force, even if it develops a bit, it is not easy to defeat its neighbors to the south; if it is about conquering England, it is almost delusional...

Therefore, she can only hibernate temporarily, waiting for a good opportunity.

Although Mary pretended to be well-behaved, she also knew that even if Scotland moved closer to England's Protestantism, Elizabeth might not be reassured.

And that France, known as the "Catholic eldest daughter" across the sea, is more worthy of the new queen's vigilance.

Scotland's important ally, the ambitious France, sent their crown prince to Rome shortly after the Cato-Cambrezzi peace talks.

It is said that it is mainly for the issue of religious belief.

The monarch of England immediately tensed up.The Queen of Scots was also quite surprised.

Marie had expected François to come to Scotland after the Cato-Cambrezzi Peace Treaty to visit her and see his "new land and people".In fact, the French princess also admitted that it is unlikely that the "husband and wife" will be separated for a long time.She has already "prayed" to be reunited with him as soon as possible in the letter against her will.Unexpectedly, the boy who expressed his infinite miss for her in the previous letter said in the next letter that he set off for Italy.

The French crown prince first went to his uncle's Duchy of Savoy and received a warm welcome.Then, aiming at the Papal States, he continued eastward and southward.

He wrote in a letter to Mary:

"I want to go abroad. Experience is essential for the prince of a country. My father thinks so too."

"The Duchy is relatively safe, and many residents feel very cordial to the French guard of honor. And in a different land, I can learn a lot of new things."

"However, my final destination is Rome."

"I need to explain to the Pope why Scotland has suddenly taken its own course and seems to be slipping out of the Holy See. I would have preferred to come to you and see you - God knows how much I miss you. But right now, the papers over there seem to be more urgent."

"We can promise that Scotland will be loyal to the Catholic doctrine and will never fall to the Protestant system like England. However, the Pope seems to have little confidence in this. The Holy See's worries are not without reason. For example, England once broke with it, even in Mary During the Tudor queen's reign, the relationship was not fully restored; besides, the monarch there has now been replaced by Elizabeth, who is even more despised by the Holy See..."

"Of course, there is still a lot of leeway in the document. But, even my mother thinks, I may not be too worried. After all, with the conclusion of the peace treaty, Rome will be more focused on dealing with those 'heresies' to restore Catholicism. Absolute authority."

"So, I will personally explain the situation to them and show our sincerity so that more forces will not interfere."

"You said that a peaceful and stable Scotland is the monarch's expectation. So, I think, besides going to your hometown, I can do something more meaningful for you."

When she read this, Mary couldn't help being a little moved.I always feel that Francois's trip to Rome is largely for himself to coordinate with the Holy See.

What a considerate and good child, which is exactly what she needs.

However, turning to the latter part of the letter, Mary was convinced that his father, Henry II, also planned to use this to plan something.

"In France, there are also some Protestant forces who are eagerly spreading what they have learned from Calvin. This also makes the Holy See dissatisfied. Now, the border has finally become peaceful and stable. Our father, His Majesty the King Finally, he can free up his hands and use more powerful management measures to deal with different voices in the country. Therefore, he also hopes that France and Rome will strengthen communication and help each other."

Mary guessed that Henry II was trying to clear the name of Protestants in the country, and what privileges did he ask the Holy See for?As early as the era of François I, the Valois royal family used various names to control church organizations and their income in disguise. [Note [-]] Therefore, France, which has tasted the sweetness, has always been willing to stick to the Catholic camp-provided that they can continue to benefit from it.

"In addition, the Pope and his father agreed that the issue of the faith of Queen Elizabeth in the neighboring England also needs to be discussed again and handled with caution..."

Mary watched and nodded.Yes.After all, even though Elizabeth's status has been recognized by Spain and France for the time being, Henry II still "has evil intentions" and tries to seize the throne of England in various ways.

On June 1560, 6, the loyal Old Church Mary De Geese died.Henry II and the Earl of Guise heard the news and sent French troops to support the Earl of Montgomery.They declared that they would try their best to protect Queen Mary; specifically, it was to protect the purity of the Scottish faith and maintain the stability of the kingdom—after all, the various secular reforms carried out by the daughter-in-law (niece) erased some of the power of the Holy See, to a large extent In fact, it was persecuted by Protestants in the country and heretics in England.