Mary Su Stuart

In the autumn of 1564, Mary, the Regent of England, and her husband, the Crown Prince of France, officially started their first tour of England.

The focus of this parade is not the size of the aristocratic manors, but a famous university - the University of Cambridge, which was founded in 1209.

Before that, they were in London, attending the Second All-England Medical Exchange.

"In one year, the conditions of the 27 children admitted to our county have all improved to varying degrees. So far, it seems that this method is indeed effective. The next step, or set up a 'control'?"

"There are so many different conditions, I don't think it's okay to attribute them to one type of nutrition."

"Although the number of people who have improved is not large, I don't think it's just an illusion."

"The limited number of cases prevents conclusions from being drawn."

The theme of the first two days is case presentation and review.Eat people's mouths are soft, and most of the doctors report the implementation of the "Nutrition and Disease" project funded by the Prince Regent.

For night blindness, the most successful cases have been obtained-probably because it is difficult for civilians to eat meat in this era, and the nutritional deficiencies are more obvious.

As for beriberi, probably because the inclusion criteria are vague, the verification results are not clear at all.However, there are still two doctors who are very resilient and willing to continue to observe the experiment.

Treatment for rickets appears to be slow to respond.Fortunately, the participants were quite patient and expressed their willingness to extend the trial time in order to confirm the causal relationship.

So far, no voyage capable of confirming the link between scurvy and vitamins has returned.Mary had no choice but to express regret, and then hoped that the next exchange meeting would yield positive results.

The content of the third day is the "New Medical" seminar.Mary asked Dr. Flood to come up to the podium and introduce cowpox himself.

Flude is a middle-aged man with a thicker beard than hair.He has a kind face and kind eyes, but unfortunately he has a male duck voice.Backed by the Prince Regent on the spot, his new doctrine was met with little booing.However, there are still some doubts that require his detailed explanation.Flood was careful all the way, and when he stepped back to the sparse applause, his lining was soaked.

"It's a pity that this preventive measure...can't treat the existing sequelae." A folk doctor said with emotion.

"Yeah, thinking of Her Majesty the Queen..." a private physician sighed.

The atmosphere suddenly became heavy.At this time, Mary couldn't say too many positive words to cheer everyone up.Fortunately, a new doctor who gave a speech on the stage has studied physiognomy and body (;) liquid science, and his eloquence is quite good, winning frequent applause.Even Mary, who thought his theory was very mysterious, listened with relish.

Anyway, the body (;) liquid theory is an old tradition... anyway, witch doctors don't separate families.

In just a few days of meetings, François was deeply inspired. "So those before, the neti pot and saline treatment, will it be promoted?"

Mary sighed. "I think so too. However, those things have relatively high technical requirements for craftsmen..."

Not to mention how to verify the curative effect in front of these doctors.Even if it proves that the nursing law is useful, no one can set up workshops and produce medical supplies regardless of cost like the French royal family.

"However, when the funds are more abundant, we can add more supporting facilities to the medical school, recruit more students, and even encourage surgeons to come for further studies..."

Francois thought about it. "Medical schools, that's what France lacks..."

However, before the Dauphin of France finds time to visit the Royal College of Physicians in London, he needs to accompany his wife to Cambridge.

Sure enough, the Prince Regent's first visit to Cambridge University caused a great commotion.

The students greeted Mary in Latin, and Mary greeted them in Latin.For five days, she participated in classes, watched plays, listened to speeches, and took time to chat with scholars.Finally, she gave a speech herself, expressing her heartfelt desire to "do my bit" for the academic community.

And the magnificent King's College Chapel and the beautiful Cambridge River are not comparable to the diligent and alert students, which makes her feel relaxed and happy.

She seemed to see the future Bacon, Harvey, Newton, Kelvin, Maxwell...

Although these days, the students she saw, probably in their entire lives, could not reach the heights of their geniuses.However, they live in the same soil as those geniuses.Smart, optimistic, curious and eager to learn, they form part of the college environment, and may also provide nutrients for the growth and development of geniuses.

Uh, I see how charming Aoyama is, does Aoyama see me the same way?As Mary thought about it, she suddenly became a little nervous for no reason—she didn't know what kind of speech Elizabeth gave when she visited here in history, and how enthusiastic applause she won.However, at this moment, she was a little worried about what the students thought of her.

"Perhaps a young woman who likes to point fingers and is good at being a teacher." She couldn't help laughing at herself.

"No, they may think that what you said is very reasonable." Francois, who accompanied her along the way, laughed. "I saw that many students hastily recorded your most wonderful remarks. I also found out that some students are copying..."

"Uh, is it?" Mary cupped her face. "Aren't you making me happy?"

Francois shook his head.

"'I am a firm believer that there are universal truths in the world - what I would call the laws of science. In the past, technology has developed slowly, limiting the search for them. But as technology advances, in the future they will no longer be a luxury '."

"'As long as you are persistent, hardworking, good at using your thinking skills, and relying on some experimental methods... Before long, people will continue to discover comprehensive knowledge of the world, weave a perfect map of disciplines, and gain more ability to control nature'."

"'In the past, our knowledge and technology needed torches from the East to promote them. Now, they are dazzling enough, and they circulate and develop within Europe, and gradually begin to lead the mainstream of world civilization. I believe that Europe will become the The center of the world, and Cambridge, is expected to be an extremely important pillar supporting the dome of civilization'..."

He winked at Mary and said, "Look, even I can recite it."

With an "oops", Mary threw herself on him and wiped his face. "What do you think, you look so proud."

Ahem, but you can't be narcissistic, you can't be narcissistic.These views are not original to her, but she has read them in some book before...

By the way, it is "Cambridge European Economic History", the same Cambridge.

"It's really something to be proud of. Your speech made almost all of them feel excited." Francois kissed her on the cheek. "Even their principal seems convinced."

Well, the current principal of Cambridge is the current Secretary of State for England, William Cecil.

Francois knew that Mary had always wanted to subdue him, but so far failed. "He's a rare talent. But do you really need him that much?"

"Yeah." Mary snapped her fingers. "The Duke of Norfolk and the others are fine as allies, and they are also capable in court battles. But in actual government affairs, they are not far-sighted enough, have too many selfish distractions, and are difficult to reuse. After all, the hereditary old nobles are better than the upstarts who are not prominent in their ancestors. , lack of motivation to do something.”

"Whether it's Maitland or Li Qiao...the executive ability is fair, and they are more loyal. However, they are secretaries and assistants, and they don't have the courage to act alone like the Minister of State of England."

She looked up at Francois. "Although Cecil is an out-and-out Protestant in religion, he is also quite serious and stubborn-this is not as good as your revered Justice Lobitard. But even if he is not tolerant, he will not take it lightly. Religious sentiment takes precedence over secular government."

"I believe that he can manage a country objectively and fairly."

The Prince Regent, who was keen on poaching the wall, smiled. "And I hope that under my command, he can display greater abilities than under Elizabeth's command."

This sentence could not be more sincere.

And Cecil, who was missed by Mary, was struggling between the old master and the new master at the moment.

What he struggled with was both politics and religion.

Over the past year or so, he has gradually figured out how Mary, Queen of Scots, should be king.

Although nominally, she was a more devout Catholic than Henry VIII.However, she has gone further than that powerful king on the road of secularization.

"There are enough divided sects, those seemingly endless strife, enough spirits to rule the people," she once said. "And I hope that the national government, not the church, will rule this material and secular kingdom well."

Economically and politically, she is very much in line with the "supposed position" of the English nation, and has been gradually getting rid of the foreign power of the Holy See.But she did it more softly and covertly.At least for now, she keeps saying that she is still maintaining the superficial etiquette tradition of the old religion, and acknowledging its status and influence in terms of ideology and culture.

But she clearly does not go to extremes, nor is she harsh, and is willing to give other denominations full freedom.

Three days ago, at Cambridge University, where he, a Protestant, was the headmaster, a group of impudent college students publicly staged a small play satirizing the old religion—one of them, who looked like a dog, took the Eucharist in his mouth. In the mouth, it is still barking. 【Note [-]】

But the Prince Regent, whose complexion suddenly changed at that time, controlled himself, maintained his demeanor, and simply got up and left.She wasn't hysterical and swearing - Cecil had rarely met such a calm old believer.Even the Dauphin of France, who was beside her, restrained himself from speaking loudly.

Afterwards, Mary Stuart severely reprimanded the students who offended the Catholic faith, but it was limited to verbal warnings and no real punishment.

As for myself, even though I didn't know it beforehand, I still have to bear the responsibility of "ineffective discipline".However, after investigating the situation, Mary said:

"I have always believed that no matter how the religious sentiments of the people are opposed; the official should still maintain a tolerant attitude. I don't want to create terror like the previous Queen Mary, and I don't like the burning of books or people. In this film Repeatedly on the ground."

"I don't exclude students in the college from expressing their religious views, just as I would never put the Decameron in the catalog. However, my visit to Cambridge is a major public event. In On such a solemn occasion, I can accept a serious discussion of faith, but I don't want to see this kind of immodest, impolite, and unfriendly performance."

"This will obviously provoke conflicts and arouse confrontational emotions. And large official official activities need harmony and unity; unless they are aimed at obvious crimes, there should be no too sharp attacks."

"I am the Regent of England and I represent the government. It is disrespectful to act against my will."

"Theoretically, as the principal of Cambridge, you cannot avoid this crime."

"However, this time, since you are all first-time offenders and have not caused any major social impact... I will choose to forgive for the time being."

She is so open and confident.Sensible just right, hardly a woman.

Yes, Cecil has always mistrusted women a lot.He was fed up with their ups and downs and their high spirits.Unfortunately, for the future of England, he had to serve a female monarch who also believed in Protestantism.Later, he was forced to deal with a regent who insisted on the old religion.

It made him more miserable.

If he didn't still have a warm national feeling for England, if he didn't feel that his political ambitions were far from being realized, he would have resigned and returned to his hometown... just like the previous Bloody Mary when he was in power.

He was able to persist at first because Elizabeth, the princess he had placed his hopes on, had not yet completely fallen.Today, he suddenly feels that, regardless of differences in religious beliefs, this pragmatic ruler who claims to be "patriotic for the people" may, in a sense, also meet his expectations for the Kingdom of England.

Mary Stuart, and Queen Elizabeth, actually have many similarities.They are sensitive, but not fragile women.Their speech style is also quite superb, it is worth admiring...

On the way out of Cambridge, Cecil was so preoccupied that he could not sleep at night.The Queen of Scots slept with her husband and had a good night's sleep.Before falling asleep, Mary chatted with Francois: "England's public facilities are not bad. Their postal system was established in 1517 and is exclusively for the government. At present, private letters in the country mainly rely on friends. And pass it on to other passengers; but in the future, this system can also be considered for private operation..." And in London, in Whitehall Palace, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, is also reporting this matter to Queen Elizabeth .

"The Chancellor of the Exchequer, Thurlow Morton, attaches great importance to your opinion. He said that the Privy Council has discussed and approved that the post station will be equipped with enough post cars to improve postal delivery efficiency. At the same time, the funds for the post station and hotel renovation will be available as soon as possible."

Although Elizabeth could not see, some important government affairs still needed to be put on her desk for the Queen to make a final decision-this was the original agreement between the Privy Council and the Prince Regent.As the Queen of Scots, Mary knew that her roots were still shallow. At that time, she fully took care of the feelings of the dignitaries of the Privy Council, saying that she was absolutely not good at making decisions on diplomatic matters.

Recently, with Elizabeth's adaptation to blindness and the help of the "loyal" Earl of Leicester and others, the Queen of England gradually wanted to extend her hand back to the domestic affairs.However, so far, most of the decisions have been implemented without going through her.

For example, this time, the Prince Regent's visit to Cambridge University was the result of some members of the Privy Council ignoring her discussion with Mary—even Cecil only reported to her his "helpless compromise" at the last moment.

Sure enough, after Mary went out for a few days, Elizabeth felt uncomfortable all over.Fortunately, Robert accompanied him attentively and kept her witty, so that she would not be stuck in depression all the time.

Robin, beloved by the Queen of England, has learned how to say what will make Elizabeth happy after years of training.The queen lamented that he hadn't been on tour for a long time, and he knew it was best not to discuss the Prince Regent's visit to the university, or even mention how intimate he and she had been on the trip.He skillfully talked about England's Transport and Post, which both of them had followed in the past, and hinted a little at the Queen: her influence over domestic affairs was recovering.

Oh, and by the way, he also complained about the various conflicts between Mary and the Privy Council.

"The new edict that you have considered a long time ago, and the "Apprenticeship Law" that Cecil and Bacon also support, she has a lot of objections. She said that the wage standard is lower than the price level, and that the maximum wage limit is too harsh. She also said that the seven-year requirement for apprentices to be a teacher is unreasonable and will hinder the development of the labor force... The Privy Council is tired of hearing her frequent complaints. I am afraid that when the Congress is held, the two parties will not be able to reach an agreement, and they will argue face to face. People read jokes..."

Elizabeth's mind was not entirely on these things at the moment.She still wondered about Mary's visit to Cambridge. "The word is that she's at odds with the Protestants again, isn't it?"

Robert was taken aback.

"Oh," he rolled his eyes and quickly followed the queen's train of thought. "The news is not very definite. However, there must be something unpleasant..."

"I want to know how she will respond." Elizabeth's tone was calm, but the corners of her mouth slowly curled up. "In the Privy Council, there are quite a few Protestant fans who have been 'intimidated' by my sister."

The author has something to say: [Note [-]]

Cambridge students really dare to act.However, it was Elizabeth, a Protestant, who was visiting at that time.But she was also very dissatisfied with this, got up and walked away, "and responded with strong language."

In this article, Mary’s experience of visiting Cambridge refers to the description of Elizabeth’s visit to Cambridge and other universities in “The Biography of Elizabeth” and “The Story of Civilization 7”.

Introduction to England's postal system, citing The Story of Civilization

The content of "Apprentice Law", quoted from Du Niang Encyclopedia