food storage house

"If you want to learn Japanese, no matter who you are, you have to start with the syllabary. The syllabary is equivalent to the 26 English letters in English, and it is the most basic language material. Now, put these books away , These are all textbooks, after you study them carefully, you should have a level-one Japanese ability. Let’s start with the most basic ones and turn to the first page.”

Meng Yixuan took over several thick textbooks, some of which looked like used old books. Although they were well preserved, they were as serious as elementary school students. They wrapped the book covers with beautiful book wrapping paper, and wrapped them with cute stickers. The title of the book is pasted, but the pages have been turned thin.Open the textbook assigned by Huo Yan, on the blank page in front of the book, there are three beautiful small pen characters signed: [An Chenyue].Meng Yixuan straightened her back immediately, in awe, this... so it's Mr. An's book!

"You have to be careful with this book, don't damage it. These textbooks are Mr. An's own textbooks many years ago. They accompanied her throughout the process of learning Japanese and stayed with her abroad for a long time. There are a lot of her notes in the corners, which are also helpful for your study."

"This... why did you lend me this? I can use the new textbook." Meng Yixuan was terrified.

"Take it and use it. This is what r borrowed from Mr. An for you. Don't disappoint r, learn Japanese well early." Huo Yan said with a smile.

"...Yes." Inexplicably moved, Meng Yixuan looked down at the slightly yellowed pages of the book and An Chenyue's beautiful handwriting, and slowly pursed her lips.

An Chenyue is a book lover, not only loves to read, but also has a rare heart to cherish books.Meng Yixuan was very happy to meet someone of the same kind today.She herself still keeps all the textbooks and books from elementary school to high school, and she will cover each book and take care of it carefully.There is no place to put them in the room, so she wraps them in plastic film and carefully puts them in cardboard boxes, stacking them under the bed. When the weather is fine and she is free, she will take out the books to bask in the sun.These are the habits she developed as a librarian for a long time when she was a student.At that time, I learned a lot of ways to maintain books from the teacher in the school library, and gradually developed a mentality of rare books.

"Okay, the class has officially started. We don't have much to learn today, so let's look up the five most basic vowel pseudonyms - あ, い, う, え, お, but before that, let me explain to you Let’s take a look at the compositional elements of the fifty-sound chart—the pseudonym and the history of the origin of the pseudonym.” She paused, organized her language, and then began to explain to Meng Yixuan seriously:

"Many Chinese people who don't understand Japan always think that Japanese is actually a variant of Chinese, which Japanese people learned from Chinese. This view must be completely corrected first. This is a ridiculous view. Japanese and Chinese are completely different things. Japanese is the language of the Yamato nation, and it had nothing to do with China at first.”

Meng Yixuan nodded.

"You know that Cangjie created characters, right? Although this is just a legend, it represents that the Chinese nation has created its own characters. A nation that can create its own characters is very remarkable. Not all nations in the world can do it. When it comes to this matter, for example, the Yamato nation, they only have language, but no writing. Language and writing are two different things, you can understand this." She asked Meng Yixuan.

Meng Yixuan nodded again, and said: "Writing is for recording, language is for oral."

"Well, you can understand it this way for the time being. Although it's not that simple, but it's a digression to talk about it in detail. In short, the Yamato people have no writing, only language. But what should they do when they want to record something? ?The Yamato nation is a nation that is very good at learning. In very ancient times, they crossed the Sea of ​​Japan and came to the Chinese mainland to learn characters from China. At that time, the Yamato nation completely copied Chinese characters and returned to their country, using Chinese characters as text to record Therefore, people who knew how to read and write at that time were rich and educated people, nobles, and ordinary people were all illiterate. The so-called illiterate refers to the lack of Chinese characters.

In this way, the Yamato people speak their own language when they speak on weekdays, but they use Chinese characters when they write. This form is called "Classical Chinese Two Ways".At that time, all the characters used by the Japanese royal administration were Chinese characters, but Chinese characters were very difficult to learn, especially ancient Chinese at that time, which was even more difficult.Only scholars who can endure ten years of hard work can master Chinese characters, which in turn leads to the disadvantages of these scholars controlling the government.In order to solve the disadvantages, a trend of "breaking away from the Han" began to spread among the upper class in Japan.

Thus, a very important concept appeared, that is 'Manyo Kana'. "

"Wan Ye pseudonym, I seem to have heard of it somewhere." Meng Yixuan thought about it.

"Well, Manyo Kana is the ancestor of Japanese kana. The 'fake' of kana means 'borrow' in ancient Chinese, and 'name' means 'character'. Kana kana is a borrowed character. Borrow What is it? It is the sound and shape of Chinese characters, but its true meaning is not used. Manyo kana is a representation method that regards Chinese characters as simple phonetic symbols, such as the word "and" in "I and you" , pronounced as yo in their own language. Later, the shape of the character 'and' gradually evolved into 'よ', which is purely for sound. Since it is only used for sound, it does not need to be so rigorous, and the writing method becomes simpler and simpler In the end, the font was slowly deformed, and then it was agreed to, and finally formed the kana style. Why is it called Manyo Kana? Because this writing style is a style developed by the women who copied "Manyoji" in the ancient Japanese court for many years. An internal writing system, so it is called Manyo Kana."

"I see." Meng Yixuan nodded, she really learned a lot today.

"Modern Japanese kana is divided into two types, one is hiragana and the other is katakana. Manyo kana evolved into hiragana, and there is another kind of katakana, which is written differently from hiragana, but the pronunciation is exactly the same. How did the pseudonyms come about? This is the most interesting part. The Hiragana formed by the Manyo Kana is the characters of women. In order to solve the problem of Chinese characters being difficult to learn, men disassemble the radicals of Chinese characters for phonetic representation The pseudonym is katakana. Therefore, in ancient Japan, there were male script and female script, and these two scripts used to be incompatible, and writing a character was divided into male and female, isn’t it interesting?”

Meng Yixuan laughed, Huo Yan was talking about excitement, and continued:

"At that time, there was a male writer in Japan named Ji Kanyuki. He once wrote a travelogue called "Tosa Diary" pretending to be a woman. Because he felt that the Manyo pseudonym was really easy to use, for the so-called dignity of a man. It would be a pity to abandon it. It is precisely because he wrote under the pseudonym of Manyo, he created the female literature of the Dynasty, and a large number of female poets and writers wrote many handed down works, such as the famous "The Tale of Genji". Its author, Murasaki Shikibu, was A female official in the palace. Murasaki Shikibu is not her name, but her official title."

"Ah? Zi Shibu is a woman, I always thought it was a man..." Meng Yixuan exclaimed.

"Yes," Huo Yan said with a smile, "the female officials in the ancient Japanese palace were named after their father and brother's official position to show their identity. She belongs to the Fujiwara family and should have been called Fujishikibu, but because Ziji in "The Tale of Genji" is too popular People love her, so later generations changed her name to Zi Shibu.

Oh, let's not talk about this for now, let's talk about pseudonyms.The katakana of men's script and the hiragana of women's script, after hundreds of years of running-in changes, finally formed the two kana systems of modern Japanese.Originally, the use of hiragana was relatively common, and katakana was generally used to represent foreign words. With the progress of society, the use of katakana has become more and more common.We will talk about these later in class.What I want to emphasize is that we must keep in mind the pseudonyms of these two systems. "

Huo Yan took a breath, took a sip of water, then looked at Meng Yixuan and said:

"Did you understand what I just said?"

"Yes, I understand." Meng Yixuan nodded.

"Really?" Huo Yan looked at her suspiciously.

"Really..." Meng Yixuan couldn't laugh or cry, why foreman Huo looked at her like this, the content just now was not complicated, and foreman Huo explained it very methodically, it was not complicated at all to understand, is she so stupid?

"We Chinese actually have a great advantage in learning Japanese, especially in the early stage. But in the later stage, you will find that Japanese is getting more and more difficult to learn. Well, it will be a long time later. It depends on you to learn the language yourself. The ability. By the way, we happen to have Japanese guests coming today, and then you will be able to see real Japanese people."

Meng Yixuan thought to herself: Foreman Huo used the word "live", as if the Japanese are some kind of rare animals, and the senior is half Japanese.Hmm, although I can't see it at all.

"Okay, let's continue. After talking about kana, let's talk about the fifty-sound map. The fifty-sound map is a phonetic map composed of many kana. These many kana are the most basic 'letters' of Japanese. These kana Words will be formed, words will form phrases, phrases will eventually form sentences, and sentences will form chapters. In professional terms, a kana in Japanese represents a syllable, so kana is actually a syllable letter.

There are actually 71 Japanese kana, including unvoiced, voiced, semi-voiced and dialed.It doesn't matter if you don't understand these things for the time being, I will explain them carefully later.There are actually only 45 pseudonyms marked in the fifty-sound chart, and they are all voiceless, arranged according to the pronunciation rules.Among them, the most basic five sounds are vowels, and the pronunciation of all other kana is changed on the basis of these five vowel kana.Pronunciation is easy to learn, あ—, い—, う—, え—, お—, it’s very simple, but in fact, it’s another matter to pronounce it standard.Well, don't make that kind of request now, we are not NHK announcers.Tell me……"

Meng Yixuan began to study the pronunciation carefully with Huo Yan, and then learned how to write.At the beginning, I was not used to writing such round and round characters. I always felt that the writing looked ugly.But the Japanese that Huo Yan demonstrated to her was very cute and beautiful, it should be the result of long-term contact.

On the first day of class, most of the lectures were background knowledge.After Meng Yixuan finished learning the five vowels, Huo Yan gave her a handout on linguistics. Meng Yixuan hadn't learned foreign languages ​​for a long time, and the knowledge of linguistics was very little in high school courses. If she suddenly started learning foreign languages, would she adapt.However, mastering some basic knowledge of linguistics is actually very helpful to the learning of a foreign language.So this handout was specially prepared by Huo Yan for her. Huo Yan explained some difficult parts above for her, and then asked Meng Yixuan to take the time to digest the knowledge. Today's class is over.

The class time is not long, only one and a half hours, and they use all their rest time for class.As soon as I finished the class, I immediately went to work.When she went back to the dressing room to put the books and notes, she suddenly remembered that she hadn't given away the gift yet, so she hurriedly took the keychain, stuffed it into the belt of the bathrobe, and then limped downstairs.

It's a pity that Liu Lu went to the store and was not in the store.When Meng Yixuan asked, she found out that Liu Lu's friend had come to Shanghai suddenly. She sent a fake note to An Chenyue and hurried to the train station to pick him up. She would probably be back before opening in the evening.

Forget it, I'll take the time to give her a gift in the evening, Meng Yixuan sighed in her heart.

Ten minutes before opening, Liu Lu hadn't come back yet.Meng Yixuan was helping to arrange the tables and chairs, when the clogs "bang bang" sounded behind her, she turned around and saw that it was Han Weiji, who was wearing a navy blue chef uniform, walking towards her.

"How is it? Today is the first day of class." Han Weiji asked her.

"Well, I learned a lot." Meng Yixuan smiled shyly.

"I'm looking forward to the time when you can talk to me in Japanese." Han Weiji stood in front of her, looked down at her with a smile, probably not started work yet, her body smell of oily smoke is not heavy, there is a faint and strange smell of mint It spread over, and Meng Yixuan's face felt a little hot.

"Sister, senior sister, how is Yui doing recently?" She looked away, looking for something to say.

Han Weiji raised his eyebrows and complained with a half-smile:

"That cat is Tsundere with capital letters. I have to take care of her comfortably every day, otherwise she will come here to trouble people. It is said that puppet cats are gentle and quiet, but my cat has such virtues."

Meng Yixuan was about to answer Han Weiji when the doorbell suddenly rang, diverting her attention.At the door, a beautiful woman with long chestnut curly hair and fashionable clothes came in.Zhang Beibei who was closest to the door rushed forward and said:

"Sorry ma'am, we haven't opened yet, please wait a moment..."

Before she finished speaking, the woman with long maroon curly hair raised her hand and pressed Zhang Beibei's lips, and then stretched her head to look inside the store. When she saw Han Weiji, her face immediately burst into brilliance smile.Then trotted all the way towards Han Weiji stepping on high heels, and shouted in an incomparably charming way:

"miki~~~~"

The voice was full of twists and turns, Meng Yixuan's intestines were knotted, who is this beauty?

Han Weiji looked at the woman with long chestnut curly hair expressionlessly, until the woman ran up to her, hugged her neck, and hung her body, her expression did not change.

"Ah Qing, if you don't let me go within ten seconds, I..."

Before Han Weiji finished speaking, the woman with long maroon curly hair immediately got off her body, stretched out her hand to poke Han Weiji, and said:

"You are so boring."

A cross burst out on Han Weiji's forehead.

After saying this, the woman with long chestnut curly hair noticed Meng Yixuan who was on the side, so she pinched her chin and came up to look at Meng Yixuan with interest, making Meng Yixuan's goosebumps rise.

"Hmm... fresh and simple, with a natural beauty, there is a lot of room for development, haha, it really is a completely different type..." She commented, and glanced at Han Weiji.

Han Weiji's face seemed to turn dark: "Shut up."

"It's killing you." The woman with long maroon curly hair pretended to be wronged, then changed her face for a second, looked at Meng Yixuan and introduced herself with a smile: "You are the legendary girl Xiao Meng, right? "Gourmet" as the editor-in-chief."

Although this is a sentence with many flaws in various senses, Meng Yixuan was still stunned.