Dialogue between ancient and modern: I create programs, national treasures have spirits

Chapter 145 Huaxia has always been a nation good at creating miracles!
The audience looked at the picture, you look at me together, and I look at you.

The term "alien character" appeared for the first time in many people's ears.

"I haven't really heard of any words of deformed characters before. I only know that the development of Chinese characters is from oracle bone inscriptions to bronze inscriptions, and then to big seal, small seal, official script, regular script, running script, cursive script and other fonts. Does this count as abnormal characters?"

"No, definitely not. No matter big seal or small seal, official script or regular script, fundamentally they are all different writing methods of Chinese characters. What Yi Ze mentioned here should be referring to different character structures?"

"Watching the show really increases your knowledge. There are some things that you have never heard of. Regarding the origin of Chinese characters, we only know that Cangjie created them."

"There are many theories about Cangjie's creation of characters. One is that Cangjie was the historian of the Yellow Emperor, and the other is that Cangjie was actually a tribal leader. There are also differences in time."

"So who exactly is Cang Jie?"

"Who knows? It's been too long. I'm afraid Yi Ze himself doesn't know it. After all, he is a character from the ancient times. It is not easy to keep his name. Like us ordinary people, the future is in the history books." It’s just four words: the masses.”

"We strive for advanced technology, but the history behind us also contains endless mysteries and stories."

"Technology can make us stand out from the crowd in today's era, and history makes us have enough cohesion!"

Yi Ze didn't know what the audience was thinking, and he couldn't see the content on the barrage.

In fact, it didn't feel like anything before.

But since the National Style Festival had an interaction with the audience, Yi Ze felt that it was an unbeautiful thing that he could not see the barrage on the live broadcast and could not have friendly consultations with the audience.

It would be great if there is such a function in the future.

However, the system has always been an unpredictable thing. Looking at various novels and stories, there are very few who can understand the origin of the system and the core of its work. My own self gives the past self the plug-in to rise.

In any case, it is an existence that I cannot understand.

"The saying of alien characters is often misunderstood as the characters at that time, which have been differentiated into different characters. I believe that a certain number of viewers will also have the same idea..."

Yi Ze's brisk voice sounded in the picture, and behind him were the characters belonging to the six kingdoms of Shandong. There are not small differences between them, but if you look carefully, you can always find some similarities.

And this similarity is reflected from the root.

"Alien characters do not mean this. They are still the same characters, but there will be differences in writing, which can be divided into different writing and heterogeneous! The most important difference is the difference in style and the internal connection. exist."

Yi Ze's explanation was clear and clear, and the audience understood it quickly.

Some viewers also mentioned a long-standing movie, which is a part of "Hero" made by the famous director Zhang.

"I remember a scene in the movie "Heroes", in which the Qin army shoots arrows at Zhao's city. An old man shouted that no matter how strong Qin's arrows are, they can break our city and destroy our country, but they cannot perish. Zhao Guo's characters, according to the saying that the characters are deformed, this old man is actually wasting his efforts."

"It can only be said that hundreds of years have passed, and the seemingly generous and tragic death for the text is actually a disguised form of forgetting the ancestors."

"Qin Shihuang said: Books have the same text, cars have the same track. From now on, the world can only write my Daqin characters!"

"In fact, this is the case. In front of the wheel of history, no matter how hard one tries, one cannot fight against the torrent of the times, and will eventually be crushed by the times."

"No, didn't Da Gan successfully hinder the wheel of history? He has hindered it for hundreds of years by himself."

"From our point of view, the great campaign hindered the progress of China's civilization, but from the perspective of these barbarians, isn't it a huge progress to evolve from barbarians to humans in just a few hundred years?"

"This... makes sense, I was speechless for a while."

The audience's thoughts could not affect the progress of Yi Ze's program, and the program was still moving forward in an orderly manner.

If it is said that in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty, bronze inscriptions were a popular writing language, then, in the middle and late Warring States period, this situation undoubtedly changed again.

That is, a large number of bamboo slips and silk scripts were unearthed, which provided conclusive evidence for the evolution of writing in the middle and late Warring States period.

"In the middle and late Warring States period, bamboo slips and silk scripts dominated, and they generally had a tendency to be flat and slanted, simple and sloppy."

Yi Ze held a bamboo slip in his hand, and the text on it was distinctive, which was very different from the strict and simple bronze text before.

It has a more elegant taste and less stiffness.

"And at this time, writing is no longer monopolized by the rulers and nobles. Various schools of thought such as Confucianism, Legalism, Taoism and Mohism have emerged one after another. They use the pen and ink in their hands to write the history of later generations."

The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were not only a history of the feudal lords attacking each other, but also a history of the rise and prosperity of various schools of thought.

At this time, various schools of thought that are well-known in later generations were born, and there was a saying of the so-called three teachings and nine streams.

It can be said that the Spring and Autumn and Warring States not only determined the political system that later generations of China were accustomed to, but also gave birth to the cultural system that has been deeply rooted in China for thousands of years.

Confucianism, Taoism, and Mohism are famous, and there are great differences in thought among various schools of thought. Representatives of each school travel among the various vassal states, publicizing their own political views, attracting the attention of the general public, and at the same time, they will also During this period, you fought against each other, creating the first peak period of ideological liberation in Chinese history-the contention of a hundred schools of thought.

It can be said that the contention of a hundred schools of thought is not only the first, but also basically the last.

No matter which era later, this will not be possible.

During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, especially during the Warring States Period, this kind of split situation had a certain hindering effect on the development of social economy and culture, but from a macro perspective, it was also a period of great cultural and economic development.

Among the cultural relics unearthed today, there are various carriers of characters.

Bamboo slips, silk, weapons, currency, seals, and jade have all become materials for casting or writing characters.

Just when characters of different materials and shapes emerged in endlessly, ironware appeared, and it took about [-] years.

Bronze has fulfilled the mission entrusted to it by the times, and bronze inscriptions have gradually withdrawn from the stage of history.

"Perhaps it is the call of the times, or it may be the world's expectation for unification. When Jinwen withdrew from the stage of history, a multi-ethnic centralized unified country, Qin State, with its fiery soldiers, completed an unprecedented The Great Unity!"

The war horse roared, and the trombone blared loudly.

At the time when the eastern countries were fighting, a force that cannot be ignored - Qin, rose up.

In 220 BC, Qin unified the six kingdoms and established the first multi-ethnic unified centralized state in Chinese history.

After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang Yingzheng implemented a large-scale unified policy on currency, weights and measures, etc.

Among them, the unification of characters is the most important thing.

Qin Shihuang Yingzheng ordered Li Si and others to unify the Qin language at that time and promulgate the whole country with a new language.

All languages ​​of the six countries that do not match the Qin language are abolished.

This type of font is called Xiaozhuan in later generations.

As the carrier of language, words are also the carrier of culture, which is of great significance.

Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng clearly saw this. In his unified dynasty, a second voice was not allowed to appear.

And this movement to standardize characters with Xiaozhuan as the standard is "books with text".

Compared with the once popular Shiguwen, the Xiaozhuan font promulgated this time tends to be more regular and well-proportioned, the level of pictograms is further reduced, and some glyphs are obviously simplified.

The policy of "writing the same text" ended the long-term chaos of Chinese characters since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and became the first large-scale text standardization movement in the history of Chinese character development.

At the same time, it also rooted the cultural concept of unification in people's hearts.

Although later generations have gone through wars and chaos, gathering and separation, they have never cut off the common cultural traditions, and the inheritance of civilization has always been consistent.

"However, among the later archaeological discoveries, apart from the Taishan stone carvings written by Li Si, people rarely found small seal scripts from the Qin Dynasty."

Yi Ze's expression was somewhat weird.

Xiaozhuan, the official script of the Qin Dynasty, is rarely found in later generations.

This has to be said, is a strange thing.

"In [-], in an ancient well in Liye, the land of Hunan and Chu, people accidentally discovered a batch of official archives of the Qin Dynasty.

However, among the more than [-] bamboo slips, there is not a single one with typical Xiaozhuan.

What kind of font is written on it? "

The question raised by Yi Ze was not a big problem in the eyes of the audience.

Many people have heard the name of Liye Qinjian.

The font written on it, a little bit of Baidu, can get the answer.

After all, such a large amount of Qin Dynasty documents unearthed at one time is enough to shock the world.

What is really surprising is that in the records of the Liye Qin bamboo slips that lasted for more than ten years, there is not a single word that belongs to the small seal script of Qin State.

This is a very unique find.

The font written on it is called Lishu.

It can also be called Qin Li.

With the excavation of a large number of bamboo slips, the words on them reappeared in front of the world after washing away the sludge, which makes people have to wonder whether the Qin Dynasty at that time used Xiaozhuan or Qin Li to implement the "book with the same text" Woolen cloth?

There is also such a story about Lishu.

According to legend, there was a small official named Cheng Miao in the Qin Dynasty who was responsible for copying relevant documents.

Later, because he committed a crime, he was imprisoned in a prison in Yunyang County by Qin Shihuang.

In the prison, Cheng Miao remembered that when he was copying documents before, the small seal script of the Qin Dynasty was more complicated and difficult to write, so he had the idea of ​​changing the small seal script.

He thought about it for several years in prison. After he was released from prison, he collected and studied for a few more years. A full ten years later, Cheng Miao simplified and evolved the seal script on the basis of the seal script, turning the original round strokes into square ones. Zhexing, in terms of the structure of characters, transforms the original pictographic structure like a painting into a stroke form, so that Chinese characters are easier to write than before.

After Cheng Miao's research was successful, he wrote a playbook of 10 official script characters that he had collected and researched successfully in 3000 years, and sent it to Qin Shihuang. After Qin Shihuang read it, he admired Cheng Miao very much and appointed him as Yushi.

At that time, there were a lot of official documents reported to the emperor, and seal characters were difficult to write, so more and more people used official script.

It is also called Lishu because it is often used by lowly officials and it is very convenient to write.

According to this story, the official script had not yet been established when the policy of writing the same script was vigorously implemented, but is this really the case?
Now it seems that this is just a kind of beautiful story.

Just like the legend of Cangjie's creation of characters, the credit is attributed to one person.

The appearance of Qin Li must have its own reasons.

With the continuous archaeological excavations and the reality of various cultural relics, this has been confirmed.

The appearance of official script was much earlier than people imagined.

As early as the Warring States period, Chinese characters had already begun to change from seal script to official script, but this change seemed relatively scattered.

Cheng Miao's role in this may be that he is a persistent collector and organizer. Through his efforts day after day and year after year, he systematically sorts out and summarizes the official script that has appeared, and finally promotes it to the world.

We cannot deny Cheng Miao's contribution, but at the same time we cannot attribute all the reasons to one person.

The development of writing and the evolution of Chinese characters must be the result of the hard work of generations of working people and the accumulation of experience from generation to generation, and it must have gradually evolved into what it is now.

In this process, the role of a well-known figure is actually more of a sorter than a developer.

Because there is more than one developer.

Standing on the cusp of the times, Yi Ze looked towards the direction of the long river of time.

"The legends belonging to Chinese characters have actually come to an abrupt end when it comes to official script."

There was sigh, exclamation, and confusion on his face.

"The development of Chinese characters, from ancient times to the present, is full of endless mysteries."

"Whether it's the legend of Cangjie's creation of characters or the myth of saints leaving books, they all represent the ancestors' exploration of the unknown."

"Living in today's highly developed world of science and technology, we are farther and farther away from ancient history. At that time, it seemed to be covered with a layer of mysterious fog. Even if we stand on tiptoe and look far away, we cannot see the whole picture. "

"The scales and half of the claws revealed in it are enough to bring us endless shock."

Yi Ze's eyes were full of longing and confusion.

"They are myths, but at the same time, they are living ancestors."

"They are very ancient, but their wisdom will never lose to us."

"Therefore, no matter what kind of spectacle we discover in the future, we don't have to be too surprised, because..."

Yi Ze's voice paused for a moment, with a bit of pride in his tone, he continued:

"They are our ancestors. Huaxia has always been a nation that is good at creating miracles!"

"Whether it is our ancestors 5000 years ago or us 5000 years later, miracles will always exist!"

……

　I want to make a big move, but I am still hesitating. Although the tone remains unchanged, there is a feeling of subverting the previous setting.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)