Summoning of the Great General of the Great Qin Empire

Chapter 200

The other person, Jin Wushu's son-in-law, He Shi Lie Zhining, a general under his command, has a strength of 95, a commander of 92, an intelligence of 74, and a politics of 80;

Heshi Lie Zhining was from Hutaan in Shangjing (now Acheng, Heilongjiang).He Shilie is a famous Jurchen tribe. Since Han Chi, the patriarch of the Five Dynasties, he has intermarried with the royal family Wanyan.Zhining's father, Saba, served successively as Dongping Yin, Kaiyuan Army Jiedushi and other officials when he was King Hailing.Zhining's father-in-law, Wanyan Zongbi, was an outstanding military strategist and statesman of the Jurchens in the Jin Dynasty.Among the sons-in-law, Zhining is Zongbi's favorite.

During the reign of Emperor Xizong, Zhining served as a guard and other officials.During the time of King Hailing, Zhi Ning was quite trusted, his official position was gradually promoted, and he began to show his prominence.He officially worshiped You Xuanhui Envoy, Fenyang Army Jiedu Envoy, and Minister of the Ministry of War.In the sixth year of Zhenglong (1161), King Hailing's Southern Expedition failed. Wan Yanyong launched a coup in Tokyo (now Liaoyang, Liaoning) and proclaimed himself emperor as Jin Shizong.

At that time, Zhi Ning was serving as the vice-commander of the north, and together with Bai Yanjing, the commander-in-chief, led the troops to suppress the uprising army of Khitan farmers and herdsmen.When they traveled to Beijing (now Daming City in the northwest of Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia), they heard that Shizong had different ambitions, so they plotted to attack Shizong.After Sejong ascended the throne, he sent envoys to surrender.Bai Yanjing and Zhining killed nine of their envoys in a row.Shizong sent Wanyan Mouyan to attack.

Zhining originally wanted to lead his army to resist, but "the crowd refused to fight" and had no choice but to surrender.In order to stabilize the political situation, Emperor Shizong adopted a policy of tolerance towards important officials of the previous dynasty.Instead of punishing Zhining and others who had supported the army against him, he instead entrusted them with important responsibilities.This moved Zhining deeply and determined to live up to Shizong's trust in him.He made outstanding achievements in the southern and northern wars and became a famous general during the reign of King Sejong.His important military activities were firstly to suppress the uprising of Khitan farmers and herdsmen, and secondly to counterattack the Song soldiers advancing northward, which contributed to the conclusion of the "Longxing Peace Agreement".

During the 120 years of Jin Dynasty rule, due to the sharp ethnic and class conflicts, people of all ethnic groups fought continuously, and the uprising of Khitan farmers and herdsmen in Jin Zhongye was the largest one among them.

The uprising led by Saba and Wowo started from the opposition to King Hailing's signing of the army.In the fifth year of Zhenglong, King Hailing, in order to invade the Song Dynasty in the south, sent Pai Yin Zaohe and others to confiscate Northwest Road (referring to the recruiting department of Northwest Road. The seat of the government is about two miles northwest of Zhenglan Banner, Inner Mongolia) Khitan Ding Zhuang joined the army.Because the Northwest Road is close to various nomads, the Khitan people were afraid that Ding Zhuang would be invaded by his neighbors after he joined the army, so they asked for exemption.Zaohe didn't dare to play back, and continued to urge the army to rise.The Khitan translators Shi Saba and Bo Tebu, etc. angrily killed Zaohe and the envoy of the Jin Dynasty, Wan Yanwo, and seized [-] soldiers stored in the recruiting department.

People of all ethnic groups on the Northwest Road responded one after another, and the uprising quickly turned into a prairie fire.In May of the sixth year of Zhenglong, King Hailing sent General Xiao Tula, the Right Guard General, to the Northwest Road.In June, the privy envoy San Hutu and Xiao Huaizhong, who stayed behind in Xijing, were sent to lead [-] troops, and joined forces with Xiao Tula to suppress the rebel army.Xiao Tula was defeated by the Eighth Army and retreated to Linhuang (now Boluo City in the southeast of Balin Zuo Banner, Inner Mongolia).

Seeing that the Jin Dynasty army was approaching, Saba decided to go west along the Longju River (also known as the Qinglulian River, which is the Kulun River that flows through eastern Mongolia and flows into Hulun Lake in Inner Mongolia), preparing to defect to Xiliao.Pusan ​​Hutu, Xiao Huaizhong and others chased him to the river. Saba had already gone far, but Hutu couldn't wait and returned.King Hailing was furious when he heard the news. He sent his servants to Sanhutu, Xiao Huaizhong, and Xiao Tula and executed them for the crime of lingering.

Then, King Hailing ordered Heshi Liezhining to be the deputy capital commander of the army and horses in the north, and joined forces with Bai Yanjing and others to pursue and suppress the rebel army.

On the way Saba led the army to retreat westward, disagreements occurred within the rebel army.Saba advocated defecting to Xiliao to fight against the Jin Dynasty, but the Khitan people who originally lived in the front of the mountain (the area north of the Daqing River in Hebei today and south of the Inner Great Wall) were unwilling to travel far, and advocated returning to the army to occupy Linhuang, the hometown of the Khitan people.Therefore, the Jiedu envoy of the Sixth Court and the military officer Chen Jia killed Saba, and arrested the old monk and Bo Tebu.Wowo served as the Marshal of the capital, led the troops back east, and returned to Xinluocha (now southeast of Bahrain Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia) to camp in the southeast of Linhuang Mansion.

In October, Jin Shizong ascended the throne in Tokyo and changed the Yuan Dynasty to Dading.When Sejong came to power, the first thing he did was to stabilize the political situation, and suppressing the uprising of Khitan farmers and herdsmen was an important part of it.Emperor Shizong summoned officials to discuss the matter of suppression, and Xiong Xiang, the prince's young master, advocated appeasement.Shizong sent the Khitans to move Zhaba to surrender.Zha Ba saw that Wo's troops were strong and his horses were strong, so he decided to join the rebel army.Wo Wo led his troops to attack Linhuang Mansion, captured the chief manager of Jin and moved him to his house.The rebel army grew to 5 people.In December, Wo'ou was proclaimed emperor and given the title of "Tianzheng".

In the case of successive defeats of the Jin army, in the first month of the second year of Dading (1162), Shizong sent the right deputy marshal Wanyan Mouyan to lead various armies to suppress the uprising army.Wanyan Mouyan stationed troops in Qingyun County, Yizhou (now Qijiatun, southeast of Kangping, Liaoning), and asked the imperial court to increase troops to escort food and pay.Shizong ordered the soldiers who returned from the southern expedition to the north to escort them.Wowo went from Taizhou (today's Taonandong, Jilin) ​​to attack Jeju (today's Nong'an, Jilin), in an attempt to rob the Jin Dynasty of food transportation.

Wan Yan mobilized 3000 elite soldiers and pursued the rebel army with Qingqi.Heshi Lie Zhining was the envoy of Linhai Jiedu at that time, and he was in charge of the right-wing army.At this time, Qiu Zhe and Di Bodie, the generals of the Khitan uprising army, rebelled and surrendered gold.Qiuzhe proposed to Wanyan Mouyan: send troops to attack and plunder the supplies of the rebel army, and annihilate the rebel army when they return to rescue.At the beginning of April, Wanyan Mouyan attacked according to the plan, and Wowo returned the army to save himself.In Changbo (between Gan'an and Nong'an in Jilin today), he was attacked by the Jin army's Dan Kening.Jin Wanhu Wan Yanxiang attacked the rebel army from behind again, and the rebel army retreated.

Wanyan Mouyan sent his troops to plunder, but did not dare to pursue them.Wowo led his army westward to the Shuangsong River in the southwest of Linhuang (now the Mazong River in Kaiyuan, Liaoning).After crossing the river, destroy the ferry.Heshi Lie Zhining led his army to the river bank, set up suspicious soldiers, and confronted the rebels across the bank.He also ordered Jiagu Qingchen and Tudan Hailuo to cross the river downstream with [-] households.Just as he was about to eat after crossing the river, the rebel army arrived, and Zhi Ning hurriedly mobilized his army to fight.

The rebel army galloped down from the southern hills and broke into the Jin army's position three times.Zhining fought hard and was hit by a stray arrow in his left arm, but he still commanded the battle calmly.The rebel army took advantage of the wind and set fire to the Jin army in the smoke.The officers and men of the Jin Army were standing still in the wind and smoke as if they were in a daze, unable to distinguish between things.The rebel army's victory is in sight.Unexpectedly, the wind stopped, Zhining commanded a counterattack, and the rebel army was defeated.The Tudan Kening tribe continued to pursue. After crossing the stream, the rebel army returned to attack the Jin army. The Jin army was defeated and retreated to the north of the stream.Wo'ou led his army to the west, seeking expansion and no longer pursued, and garrisoned at Baibo, Huanzhou (today's southwest of Duolun, Inner Mongolia).

Wowo failed to attack Yizhou (now Taziying Village, Fuxin County, Liaoning Province), and then turned to attack Chuanzhou (now the ancient city of Northeast Chengzi, Beipiao, Liaoning Province), and marched towards Shanxi.The Beijing defenders dared not go out to fight.The rebel army gradually approached Zhongdu (now Beijing).

In May, Jin Shizong saw that the Jin army was unable to win the battle and issued an edict to censure them. He summoned Wanyan Mouyan and Wanyan Fushou back to Zhongdu and relieved them of military power.He Shiliezhining was also appointed as the marshal and right supervisor of the army, and he was granted the title of Duke of the country.In the beginning, they all went to Yizhou with 150 bows and 10 million arrows.In June, he ordered his servant Sa Zhongyi to serve as Pingzhang political affairs officer and right deputy marshal, responsible for commanding all the Jin armies. "113 taels of gold and silver were sent out of the inner palace for military use" ("Jin History" Volume [-]).Since then, the Jin Dynasty has strengthened its suppression of the rebels, and Heshi Liezhining has also become the main military commander.

Wowo led the rebel army westward to walk the flower path (now southeast of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia), and met Pusa Zhongyi.At that time, the rebel army was still very strong with "one hundred thousand people".The two armies joined the river as a formation, and the rebel army crossed the river, attacking the left wing of the Jin army first with 4 people.The Jin Army "quite lost."At this time, Zhi Ning was leading the army to pursue the rebel army.The rebels did not dare to fight, so they moved west from Huadao.

Due to the long-term battle, the Jin army was weak and unable to fight.As the rebel army marched westward, all the generals wanted to stop their pursuit in order to rest and reorganize the army.At this time, Zhining captured the insurgents and Houren, and he knew the truth.It turned out that after the Battle of Huadao, Wowo made a mistake in command.He divided the elite of the rebel army to follow him, protected the old and the young and the luggage with old and weak soldiers, and moved them in different ways. The Jin army created an opportunity to take advantage of.Zhining advocated chasing the rebel army and plundering the rebel army's supplies. With Zhongyi's approval, the two led their troops in hot pursuit.The Jin army crossed the Maling Mountains, entered the West Sunken Spring in the Niaoling Mountains (now in the territory of Balin Zuo Banner, Inner Mongolia), and met the Wowo Army again.

The Jin army "occupied Nangang first,... for the Yanyue formation, the infantry was in the middle, and the cavalry occupied both ends" ("Golden History" Volume 133).The rebel army didn't know the real situation of the Jin army, so it was unfavorable to attack and was defeated.Wowo's younger brother, Wang Niao, the sixth court secretary, was captured. "Wowomu Xu Nian moved his camp from Luokuogang to the west. Zhining chased him and captured all his belongings. He captured more than [-] people, and the miscellaneous animals were too many to count."The Battle of Sunken Spring was the biggest battle between the Khitan rebel army and the Jin army, and the rebel army suffered huge losses.

After the Battle of Ziquan, Wowo collected more than [-] scattered soldiers and transferred them to the residence of the Xi people, where he added some Xi soldiers and continued to fight.In August, Sejong ordered Yan Sijing, the Marshal of Youdu, to lead his troops into Xidi and join the main force to pursue them.

The situation of the rebel army was even more difficult. "A large number of them surrendered" ("History of the Jin Dynasty"; Volume 133), and "many of the rest died of diseases" (ibid.). The Jin army "became more anxious to pursue them" (ibid.), and wandered north of Wo'ou. Tuo.

Heshi Lie Zhining once captured the general of the rebel army and lived with him for a while, but released him but did not kill him.After living together for a while and returning to the rebel army, he concealed the truth about his being captured and surrendered to the enemy, and sowed discord among the generals of the rebel army to scatter the morale of the army.At that time, the rebel army suffered repeated defeats, and the instigation by the traitor made the rebel army even more demoralized.

At the beginning of September, he lived together with another general, Shenduwo, and captured Wowo, and surrendered to the Jin army Wanyan Sijing.Twelve days later, Wowo was escorted to Zhongdu and died a heroic death.

Wowo's sacrifice caused serious setbacks to the Khitan uprising army, and the Jin army took advantage of the momentum to attack.More than [-] people, including the Privy Envoy of the rebel army Zhuwo and Marshal Du Chouge, were defeated and captured one after another.Heshi Lie Zhining pursued the rest of the rebel army to Yanzicheng (now Zhangbei, Hebei), but the rebel army finally failed.

In the process of suppressing the great uprising of Khitan farmers and herdsmen, He Shi Lie Zhining was resourceful and skilled in warfare, devoted all his loyalty to the rule of the Jin Dynasty, and did his best.After the class teacher returned to the court, Shizong ordered him to be the deputy marshal of the left, and gave him a jade belt and a high reward.

After the "Shaoxing Peace Negotiations" in Jin and Song Dynasties, the two sides maintained peace for nearly 20 years.It was not until the reign of King Hailing that the war broke out again.In the sixth and ninth year of Zhenglong's reign, King Hailing refused to listen to dissuasion and led his army to the south.This adventurous war intensified various social contradictions within the Jin Dynasty and inevitably failed.King Hailing himself was also killed by his subordinates in the Yangzhou coup.The invading Song and Jin armies returned north, and the Song army took the opportunity to regain the lost territory in the Huaihe River and Huaihe River.

After Jin Shizong ascended the throne, the Jin and Song Dynasties were still at war.In order to ease social conflicts and stabilize his rule, Jin Shizong assessed the situation and determined the policy of negotiating peace with the Southern Song Dynasty.At the beginning of his accession to the throne, Jin Shizong set out to create conditions for peace negotiations with the Southern Song Dynasty.In December of the first year of Dading, Jin Shizong "took Marshal Zuo Jianjun Gao Zhongjian and others as envoys to report to the Song Dynasty" ("History of Jin Shizong [-]") "to stop the troops and return to the land invaded by Zhenglong and report to the Song Dynasty" ("History of the Jin Dynasty·Approval List".

However, after Song Xiaozong came to the throne, he did not take a positive attitude toward peace negotiations. Instead, he appointed the resistance faction and actively prepared for the Northern Expedition.In this case, Jin Shizong decided to adopt the policy of forcing peace by force.In October of the second year of Dading, after Zhining suppressed the uprising of Khitan farmers and herdsmen, he was appointed deputy marshal of the left and sent to the battlefields of Song and Jin Dynasties.In November, Emperor Shizong ordered Prime Minister Zuo to take charge of military affairs and live in Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) to control the armies.Zhining garrisoned in Suiyang (now south of Shangqiu City, Henan Province), directly commanded the battle, and faithfully implemented Jin Shizong's battle policy.

Zhining went to Suiyang to command the attack on the Song Dynasty, and sent Wanyan Wangxiang to take Caizhou (now Ruyang, Henan) and Wanyanxiang to attack Yingzhou (now Yingyang, Anhui).He was also ordered by his servant San Zhongyi to send an ultimatum to Zhang Jun, the Privy Councilor of the Song Dynasty, saying, "You can return the invaded interior of the dynasty, and each will keep his own borders. In everything, the old agreement since the emperor's rule will be followed, and the commander's mansion will also be lifted. If you want Confrontation, please join forces to meet each other. At the same time, please ask the imperial court to station troops in Xuyi (now Xuyi, Jiangsu), Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui), Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui) and other places to prepare for the war.

In May of the third year of Dading, Zhang Jun ordered Li Xianzhong (formerly known as Shifu) and Shao Hongyuan to lead troops to capture Lingbi (now Lingbi, Anhui), Hongxian (now Sixian, Anhui), and then occupy Suzhou (now north of Suxian, Anhui).

Zhining led 1 elite soldiers and set out from Suiyang to counterattack Suzhou.He was quite confident in the use of troops this time, and he wrote to Emperor Shizong: "This campaign does not bother the saints, but I am afraid that the world will escape." On May [-], Zhining led his army to Suzhou.

In order to win this battle, Zhining made careful arrangements.He spread banners and flags all over the west of the state, and set them up as suspicious soldiers; he led his own soldiers to station in the south of the state, and don't use three fierce security soldiers to station in the south of the state.Li Xianzhong saw the banners in the west of the state covering the field, he really thought that the main force of the Jin army was in the west of the state, and that the lack of troops in the southeast was nothing to worry about, so he decided to attack the right wing of the Jin army in the west of the state first.Wanhu Jiagu Qingchen led the vanguard army to attack, the Song soldiers were defeated and retreated, and the Jin army chased and killed them to the bottom of the city.

The next day, the entire Song army went to battle.Zhining led the whole army to fight and defeated the Song army.Li Xianzhong led his army to retreat overnight.The Jin army chased him all the way to Fuli (now north of Su County, Anhui). "The Song Normal University collapsed, and those who died in the water were invincible. The Jinren took advantage of the victory and beheaded more than 138 ranks, and won [-] first ranks. So the military resources of the Song Dynasty were exhausted..." ("Continued Zizhi Tongjian"; Volume [-]; Xiaozong Long In May of the first year of Xingyuan (Jiayin), Jin Shizong was very happy when the news came. He issued an edict to Zhining, saying: "Although you are young, you have made the most achievements in the previous campaign against Khitan. Now you have defeated the enemy again. I appreciate it very much."

The "Collapse of Fuli" was a heavy blow to Song Xiaozong's desire to recover.Under pressure from the capitulation faction, Song Xiaozong sent envoys to seek peace from Jin.In the process of seeking peace, both sides used force and bargained.In order to make the Southern Song Dynasty accept the peace proposal, Jin Shizong issued an edict to his servant San Zhongyi, saying: "If the people of the Song Dynasty return to the border area and their money is as old as before, they can be exempted from the obligation to express themselves as ministers and be granted the title of nephew."

("History of Jin·Pu San Zhongyi Biography" conditions were lower than that of Shaoxing peace talks. At the same time, in order to make the Southern Song Dynasty submit, the Jin Dynasty continued to use force to force peace. Pu San Zhongyi moved the army to the Jianghuai River, and sent Zhining to lead a partial division to cross the Huaihe River Zhining crossed the Huaihe River and captured Song Xuyi, Haozhou, Luzhou and other places. In the case of successive failures in the Southern Song Dynasty, he was forced to agree to the terms of peace proposed by Jin.

In the first month of the fifth year of Dading, the two sides agreed to cede Haizhou (now the old Haizhou in Lianyungang, Jiangsu), Sizhou (now Sixian, Anhui), Tangzhou (now Tanghe County, Henan), Dengzhou (now Dengxian, Henan) and Shangzhou (now Shangxian County, Shaanxi Province) and Qinzhou (now Tianshui City, Gansu Province) were given to the Jin Dynasty.Song called Jin his nephew emperor, and no longer called him a minister.Contribute 20 taels of silver and silk to gold every year.This year happened to be the second year of Song Xiaozong's Longxing, so it was called "Longxing peace negotiation" in history.

After the "Longxing peace talks", there was no major war between the Jin and Song Dynasties for more than 40 years.After winning the battle, Jin Shizong advocated peace talks, which won decades of stability for both the Jin and Song Dynasties, and promoted the development of social productivity in the North and the South.Kim Sejong's move is worthy of recognition.Zhining faithfully implemented Jin Shizong's combat policy and made great contributions to the signing of the peace agreement.

As a famous general during Jin Shizong's time, Heshi Lie Zhining participated in a series of important military activities in the early days of Jin Shizong's rule. Due to his outstanding military exploits, he was quite appreciated by Jin Shizong.In the fifth year of Dading, servant San Zhongyi returned to Zhongdu, and Heshi Lie Zhining was ordered to garrison Nanjing, and went to worship Pingzhang's political affairs and became the prime minister.In the sixth year of Dading, he was returned to Zhongdu and served as a privy envoy.In the seventh year of Dading, the crown prince's birthday, Jin Shizong hosted a banquet for all his ministers in the East Palace.

Heshi Lie Zhining raised his glass to congratulate him on his birthday.Jin Shizong was overjoyed and said to the crown prince: "There is nothing wrong in the world. My father and son are happy today. It's all because of manpower." In the ninth year of Dading, he went to pay homage to Prime Minister Zuo;

In the 12th year of Dading, Heshi Liezhining died of illness.Jin Shizong personally paid tribute to him, giving him 500 taels of silver, 15 pieces of heavy color, and 1194 pieces of silk. He also arranged for his funeral and gave him the posthumous title of Wuding.In the [-]th year of Dading, the image of Yanqing Palace was created.In the fifth year of Mingchang reign of Jin Zhangzong ([-]), he was entitled to enjoy the temple court of Jin Shizong.

(End of this chapter)