Beiyang reactionaries

As a big country in continental Europe, France and China have also completed a currency swap agreement.

15 million yuan.

In addition to France, the scale of currency swap agreements signed by China and European countries has exceeded 50 billion yuan.France told the United States with actions that European countries will not give up cooperation with China.

Although China has no strength, it competes in Europe like the United States and the Soviet Union.But China has enough strength to cooperate with European countries.European countries are also unwilling to give up exchanges with such a big country as China.

The old European imperialist countries are very smart.

They know that the more chaotic the situation in Europe, the more they can fish in troubled waters.Therefore, they hope that the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union will not be good, and they hope to cooperate with China. Churchill's Iron Curtain speech in 1946 and the Sino-French friendship and cooperation agreement are both historic events that affect the world situation.

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China's intervention has made the situation in Europe more and more confusing.Let the already chaotic Europe become even more chaotic.

Especially after entering 1946, the changes brought about by China's intervention in Europe are very obvious.By 1946, China had almost signed currency swap agreements with most European countries, with a total scale of more than 80 billion yuan.

Of course, compared to this, the speed of trade recovery between China and Europe is the fastest.

Although for the huge European economy, 80 billion yuan is nothing.However, the trade interaction brought about by the currency swap is of great help to the recovery of the European economy.

European countries use RMB to buy some materials from China, including some food.China is taking their currency and buying their technology.As a veteran imperialist country, Europe has a very rich technological accumulation, which is far from what a country like China, which has only risen for 20 years, can compare with.

China's industrial scale is very large, but its technological accumulation is far behind that of European industrial countries.After all, the industries of European countries develop step by step, while China is completely leapfrogging, and many foundations have not been experienced.So there are still many problems in many aspects.

Now is a difficult time for European countries, and there are many technologies that can be purchased.Although the purchase of technology is not as visible as a commodity, it is what industrial countries need most.If it weren't for the current crisis in Europe, many technologies cannot be bought with money at all.

In addition to those technologies, China can also be said to have obtained amazing benefits in other aspects.

Due to the lack of materials in Europe at present, inflation is very severe, and the prices of many materials are very expensive.Like the current situation in Germany, a cigarette can even be exchanged for a house.Some businessmen engaged in reselling tobacco and alcohol can easily buy a house in Germany, and can easily buy a building.This is the very abnormal economic situation after the war.

Although countries such as Britain, France, and Italy are not as exaggerated as Germany, the situation is also very critical.Originally, Britain and France had many colonies. Many economists believed that the economies of Britain and France should be able to recover quickly, but the situation is that the economic situation of Britain and France is also very bad, and the prices of various materials are ridiculously high.Therefore, after cooperating with China, they can buy a large amount of materials from China to suppress their own prices.

China's strong industrial strength needs to be unleashed at present.It happens to be able to trade with Europe, releasing a large amount of industrial production capacity.The demand in Europe has greatly supported the Chinese economy.

Not just Western Europe.

On March 1946, 3, China and the Soviet Union also signed a trade agreement.According to the idea of ​​the Soviet Union, China and the Soviet Union did not conduct currency swaps, but chose a relatively primitive trade method, book-entry trade.

But even if it is a relatively primitive trade method, it still needs the help of modern finance.Therefore, China and the Soviet Union decided to set up a bank in Almaty in charge of trade to keep accounts.

With the signing of a trade agreement between China and the Soviet Union, Almaty's status has rapidly improved.Almaty was originally an important transportation hub between Russia and the member countries of Central Asia. With the signing of the Sino-Soviet trade agreement, Almaty will become an important transit point for Sino-Soviet trade.

China took the initiative to attack, which greatly shocked the United States and the Soviet Union.

Both the United States and the Soviet Union were concerned about China's growing influence and meddling in European affairs.Both the United States and the Soviet Union regarded Europe as their own territory, so how could they watch China increase its influence in Europe.

On September 1946, 9, Marshall visited Europe and expressed some suggestions for post-war economic recovery in Europe in a speech.Among them, the United States has a plan to support the European economy.

This is no small thing.

Compared with China, the support of the United States is more valued by Europe.Because China is doing business here, although it can also promote the recovery of the European economy, it can't compare to the support of real money from the United States.

Moreover, China's main support targets are still Asian countries, and most of China's funds have flowed into Asia.Europe is nothing compared to China's support for Asia.Compared with the strong economic strength of the United States, once it is ready to support the European economy, it will play a great role in the recovery and development of the European economy.

Therefore, European countries are very happy to hear that the United States has a plan to support Europe.Soon European countries began to send notes to the United States, hoping that the United States could support Europe.

On November 1946, 11, representatives from various European countries gathered in Paris, France, to discuss the matter of U.S. support.Before the U.S. aid, European countries sat down to discuss how to divide up the U.S. aid.Several major European countries have their own interests, and they all want to get more funds into their own hands, so there is a lot of controversy.After a period of discussion, European countries proposed to the United States, hoping that the United States will support 2 billion U.S. dollars.

But the U.S. thinks that number is too large.

$240 billion is no small sum.China has only signed various trade agreements with European countries, and the scale of currency swap is only 80 billion yuan, which is only about 40 billion US dollars when converted into US dollars.

But it has already made the European economy recover greatly.

At present, the United States is the only country in the world with fiscal revenue exceeding 240 billion U.S. dollars, and even China's current fiscal revenue cannot reach 240 billion U.S. dollars.You can imagine what a lot of money this is.

If US$240 billion can be obtained from the United States, it will have a huge effect on stimulating the European economy.But how could Truman agree to such a high request for support from Europe.So Truman cut the number all the way down to $200 billion.But even if it is cut to 200 billion US dollars, the US Congress still disagrees, thinking that 200 billion US dollars is not good for what to do, why should it support Europe.

It was at this time that the "Soviet-Turkish Crisis" occurred.

During World War II, the Soviet Union, with the support of China, took over control of the Black Sea Strait.After controlling the Black Sea Strait, the Soviet Union was still not satisfied, and planned to build military bases around the Black Sea Strait.

However, this plan of the Soviet Union was strongly opposed by Türkiye.

Turkey lost control of the Black Sea Strait during World War II, which has made Turkey very dissatisfied.Now the Soviet Union has to establish a military base in the Black Sea Strait, and the location of the military base is the land of Turkey.If the Soviet Union is allowed to build a military base in the Black Sea Strait, then Soviet troops will be stationed in Turkey in the future.How could Türkiye agree.

Therefore, Turkey directly refused, and even submitted a "Soviet Control Proposal" to the United Nations, asking the Soviet Union to withdraw from the Black Sea Strait.Who was Stalin, he didn't pay attention to Türkiye at all.Now that Turkey is resisting so much, the Soviet Union immediately dispatched troops to confront Turkey.He even stated that if Turkey disagrees, Turkey will be held accountable for its crimes in World War II.

On December 1946, 12, the "Soviet-Turkish Crisis" officially broke out.

The cloud of war hangs over the continent of Europe.

The Soviet Union was aggressive, and Türkiye was no opponent.The Soviet army assembled, with millions of troops, scared Turkey to cry.However, the outbreak of the "Soviet-Turkish Crisis" is a very good opportunity for Europe and the United States.

Especially the United Kingdom and the United States.

Immediately, people, effort and money are used to support Turkey and make Turkey hard steel the Soviet Union.Britain and the United States were not very satisfied when the Soviet Union was allowed to control the Black Sea Strait.It was only at the time that the facts forced it to support the Soviet Union in controlling the Black Sea Strait.Now that Türkiye has stood up, Britain and the United States do not know how happy they are.

The "Soviet-Turkish Crisis" was the first major conflict between Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union after the end of World War II.

Of course, this crisis is not as serious as the "Cuban crisis" in history.Because none of the countries such as Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union was ready for a conflict, the "Soviet-Turkish crisis" started violently, but it ended soon.

World War II has just ended. Although Britain and the United States support Turkey, they are not prepared to change the world order formed at the Yalta Conference.So after the confrontation between the two sides, the Soviet Union gave up the idea of ​​​​building a military base in the Black Sea Strait.However, it did not receive support for Turkey's proposal to retake the Black Sea Strait.

Back to the origin.

However, the "Soviet-Turkish crisis" has brought many benefits to Britain and the United States.That is, in order to fight against the powerful Soviet Union, Turkey can only fall to the side of Britain and the United States.The influence of Britain and the United States in Türkiye has greatly increased.

But what happened this time still alerted Britain and the United States, especially the United States.

That is, the strength of the Soviet Union in Europe is really strong.

The entire Eastern Europe is now under the control of the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union controls the Black Sea Strait, and the Balkan Peninsula must act according to the face of the Soviet Union.The Soviet Union plans to build a military base in the Black Sea Strait this time, which makes Britain and the United States very worried.The Soviet Union's control of the Black Sea Strait has directly affected the Balkans and the Mediterranean Sea. If the Soviet Union builds a military base here, no one will be sure who controls the Mediterranean Sea.

The outbreak of the "Soviet-Turkish Crisis" directly affected public opinion in the United States.

On February 1947, 2, the two parties in the United States, which had been vacillating, quickly reached an agreement, and the U.S. Congress passed a government spending plan.This government spending plan includes a support plan of US$3 billion in the early stage.And a four-year, $60 billion support package.

On March 1947, 3, Truman officially signed the Marshall Plan.

When the United States passed the Marshall Plan, the Soviet Union also responded quickly.In order to stabilize the Eastern European countries and prevent these newly established socialist countries from falling to Britain and the United States for economic reasons, the Soviet Union also passed the "Molotov Plan".

It is to strengthen the trade between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries.

It can be said that it is precisely because of China's intervention in Europe that it has caused a chain reaction.Both the United States and the Soviet Union responded quickly, starting their support more than a year earlier than in history.With the emergence of the "Marshall Plan" and the "Molotov Plan", the alliances formed during World War II began to turn into confrontations, and a real confrontation between two camps appeared in Europe.