Daming: Teach the prince about dragon slaying skills at the beginning

He found that Yan Changqing knew the time and place of certain things very clearly.

And these things, he may not even have heard of them.

For example, Zhu Yuanzhang had never heard of the "false answering incident" mentioned by Yan Changqing just now.

Of course, this is also related to him, or to say that Daming has not collected and compiled a complete history book of the Yuan Dynasty.

After all, Mongolia and Yuandu have not yet completely destroyed the country. It can only be said that they were repulsed from the Central Plains to the northern border. At any time, they may raise troops to harass the border again, or even counterattack Daming.

Therefore, it is somewhat unrealistic to compile the history books of the Yuan Dynasty and make a conclusion for the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty.

Therefore, under such circumstances, people in the Ming Dynasty did not know much about the past history of Mongolia and Yuan, except for some individuals who studied the history of Mongolia and Yuan.

......

[How big is the multi-country trade circle that spans tens of thousands of miles? ! ! 】

[With such a large area, is it really possible to earn profits by transporting goods over there? ! ! 】

Hearing Yan Changqing's narration, Prince Zhu Biao couldn't help but be speechless. Just thinking about the multi-country trade circle spanning tens of thousands of miles is terrifying.

Of course, what Zhu Biao is most curious about is how profitable the so-called multi-country trade circle is, if he can still earn profits in this way.

After all, the farther the distance the goods are transported, the higher the cost value of the goods.

The 467 roads of cargo transportation that are often thousands of miles away, the cost consumption of the middleman eating horse chews is simply boundless.

So Zhu Biao doubts whether such a trade can make any profit.

......

[Thousands of miles away? ! ! 】

[Khwarazmo business empire? ! ! 】

[Besides Ming Dynasty, besides Beiyuan, are there other existences that can be called an empire? ! ! 】

Zhu Di's eyes lit up, and he seemed to hear that besides Daming, apart from the remaining forces of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, there seemed to be other powerful empires.

This made Zhu Di very interested, and wanted to weigh the strength of other empires.

Of course, Zhu Di also knew that he was not qualified now, at least he would not be qualified until he wiped out the remaining forces of Bei Yuan.

At that time, he can take a look at what other empires are like, and whether he can compete with him? ! !

......

Yan Changqing glanced back, either in surprise, curiosity, or shock, Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, and the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Yu, Zhu Fang, Zhu Di and other princes who looked at him, their faces were calm and unwavering.

If it is the original him, then Yan Changqing actually doesn't know much about these things.

At most, it's just a general idea, not so clear as to remember the time and place.

After all, he was a science graduate student in his previous life, not a liberal arts student.

But ever since he decided to abandon theory and focus on literature, he consciously took the initiative to look for these historical documents.

In addition, in his previous life, he was able to study as a graduate student in science, which in itself proved his talent in learning.

Therefore, it is not too difficult for him to be familiar with all kinds of history under the condition of searching and researching.

......

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Chapter 163: Whether it is convenient for the people and the country, or the paper money system that squeezes the people 【Please subscribe, please order in full】

After a moment of time was given for Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Xi, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes to have a little understanding of the reasons why Meng Yuan chose banknotes.

Just now Yan Changqing continued writing on the blackboard while narrating:

"The issuance of Mongolian treasure banknotes has gone through three stages, from stability to chaos, and finally to complete collapse."

"From the south of Mongolia to the early days of Kublai Khan's rule, the paper currency system was in a stable state of operation."

"At this time, the Yuan Dynasty's Zhongtong Yuanbao banknotes had a stable currency value, and the [-] Guan Zhongtong Yuanbao banknotes could basically be exchanged for [-] Guan gold, silver, and copper."

"At this time, the country's overall economy is running well, and there is no inflation."

"This is mainly because the Mongolian and Yuan rulers at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty understood the harm caused by the hyperinflation of the currency at the end of the Jin Dynasty, so the monetary policy of paper money and its implementation were relatively cautious."

"Mainly through measures such as controlling the amount of currency issued, setting up a gold and silver leveling warehouse, improving currency recycling systems, and strictly cracking down on counterfeit currency currency laws and regulations."

"Consciously guarantee the currency value of the banknotes delivered by Zhongtong Yuanbao, and avoid inflation as much as possible."

Speaking of this, Yan Changqing couldn't help but cast a glance at Zhu Yuanzhang. With the living example of Meng Yuan placed there, he didn't know how to refer to historical experience and lessons! ! !

Zhu Yuanzhang below felt Yan Changqing's eyes cast over him, and couldn't help frowning. He found that Yan Changqing seemed a little deliberately finding fault today.

But Yan Changqing just cast a glance, then retracted his gaze, and continued:

"And until the end of Kublai Khan's reign and before Emperor Yuanshun's currency reform, the paper currency system became increasingly chaotic."

"At that time, the Mongolian Yuan Empire mainly maintained domestic financial pressure and reduced the rate of inflation by continuously conquering, expanding its territory, and plundering the wealth of other countries."

"However, at the end of Kublai Khan's reign, the foreign conquest and expansion of the Mongolian Yuan Empire basically stopped."

"Without the huge benefits brought by foreign conquests and expansion wars, the Yuan Dynasty's financial expenditure pressure suddenly appeared. In order to alleviate the financial pressure, the central unified banknotes began to show a trend of over-issuing, the value of yuan banknotes fell, and inflation problems began to emerge. "

"In order to cope with the falling value of central unified banknotes and rising prices, in the 24th year of Zhiyuan (1287), the first "banknote exchange" (currency reform) in the history of the Yuan Dynasty was carried out, and the "Zhiyuanbao Banknote Passing Articles" was promulgated."

"The main content of this currency reform is to issue Zhiyuan banknotes in addition to Zhongtong banknotes. The price ratio between Zhiyuan banknotes and Zhongtong banknotes is set at 1:5, that is, 1 yuan banknote is worth 5 Zhongtong banknotes. The price ratio between silver and Zhiyuan banknotes is 1:2, that is, 1 tael of silver is equal to 2 yuan banknotes."

"At the same time, it is forbidden to privately buy and sell gold and silver. Except for the 80% depreciation of the Zhongtong banknote, the other legal status remains unchanged, and it is circulated together with the Zhiyuan banknote."

"However, because the Yuan Dynasty did not reduce military and reward expenditures, the fiscal deficit increased day by day."

“至元29年（1292），财政收入为290七万八千三百零五锭，到了十月份已支出360三万八千540三锭，赤字66万零230八锭。”

"Converted to 50 taels of silver per ingot, the deficit is as high as 900 taels of silver."

"This currency reform, instead of relieving fiscal pressure, has further exacerbated the inflation problem."

"And after Chengzong came to the throne, he misappropriated the banknotes of the balance treasury in various places for rewards, and the prices rose even further."

"In the seventh year of Dade (1303), the price of goods at this time has increased by about ten times compared with the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty!"

"And after Wu Zong was supported as a military commander and ascended the throne, Wu Zong gave a new round of rewards to the noble powers of Mongolia, which made the fiscal deficit even worse."

"As a result, the court of the Yuan Dynasty became more dependent on over-issuing currency to make up for fiscal deficits, and the depreciation of banknotes accelerated."

"In order to change the situation of 'notes are light and things are heavy', in the second year of Zhida (1309), the Yuan Dynasty court issued Zhida silver banknotes again."

"One tael of the largest banknotes and five guan notes of yuan banknotes, of which ten guan banknotes are unified, which is equivalent to another artificial depreciation of 80.00% of the central banknotes, and the nominal value is reduced to [-]% of the initial issuance!"

"From this we can see how serious the inflation of the Mongolian and Yuan courts was at that time."

"The result of the 'replacement of banknotes' this time not only did not change the situation that the value of the Central Banknotes fell and prices rose."

"On the contrary, the credibility of the Yuan Dynasty court and the credibility of the banknotes were greatly reduced again and again with the depreciation of the banknotes."

Underneath, whether it was Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, or the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Yu, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes, there was a flash of horror in their eyes.

[The central banknotes have been artificially devalued by 80.00%, and the nominal value has been reduced to [-]% of the initial issuance. Isn't this, this, this worthless? ! ! 】

[If you go shopping, wouldn't it be possible to buy things that were originally worth tens of pennies if you spent the usual Zhongtong banknotes? ! ! 】

[Such central banknotes are probably no different from waste paper, right? ! ! 】

[Zhongtong banknotes, Zhiyuan banknotes, and Zhida silver banknotes, so many precious banknotes are used in parallel, and their respective values ​​​​are different. How much confusion will it cause if they are distributed to the people? ! ! 】

[I don't even know how many people with bad intentions will take advantage of the different price differences between the treasures to cheat! ! ! 】

......

Just listening to what Yan Changqing said, Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Yu, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes already knew how chaotic the second chaotic stage of the former Yuan Baochao was! ! !

Yan Changqing looked back at the horrified Zhu Yuanzhang and others, and continued:

"After Emperor Yuan Shun ascended the throne, the politics of the Yuan Dynasty entered a period of relative stability, but the depreciation of yuan notes accelerated, and inflation was nearly out of control."

"In the sixth year of Zhizheng (1346), one tael of gold was worth [-] guan Zhongtong banknotes, and one tael of silver was worth [-] guan Zhongtong banknotes."

"In the tenth year of Zhengzheng (1350), it has been depreciated by inflation to one tael worth five hundred central banknotes."

"At the same time, because of the huge financial expenditure pressure brought about by 'Kaihe' and 'counter-insurgency', in order to alleviate the financial pressure, Emperor Yuan Shun issued Zhizhengjiao again in the tenth year of Zhizheng. This is the first time in the history of the Yuan Dynasty. The third and final 'money change'."

"This time the banknotes are exchanged, the Zhizheng banknotes are parallel to the Zhiyuan banknotes, and they are always worth twice as much as the Yuan banknotes. At the same time, in addition to the banknotes, copper coins are issued as auxiliary currency."

"At this stage, the paper currency system of the Yuan Dynasty has actually completely collapsed, and inflation is completely out of control."

"'The issuance of Zhizhengjiao banknotes is entirely to serve the rapidly expanding financial needs of the Yuan court."

"In the 12th year of Zhizheng (1352) and the 13th year of Zhizheng, the issuance of Zhizheng banknotes was calculated as 950 million ingots according to the central banknotes."

"In the 15th year of Zhengzheng, it is equivalent to 6000 million ingots of Zhongtong banknotes, which is the highest in history."

"At that time, it was said, 'Zhizheng banknotes are printed every day, and they cannot be counted, and people regard them as evil'."

"Coupled with the re-issuance of copper coins, the common people have alternatives again."

"In the end, the credibility of the Yuan court condensed in the banknotes handed over by the Yuan Dynasty was completely wiped out, and it lost its role as a credit currency."

"At the same time, the Yuan court forcibly changed banknotes again and again, although the intention was good."

"However, these currency reforms are not supported by any financial reforms. They simply adopt the method of 'changing currency' and transfer all problems and contradictions to the common people."

"Thus, the three currency reforms not only did not solve the problem, but further pushed up prices, exacerbated inflation, increased the burden on the people, and eventually led to the outbreak of large-scale civil uprisings."

"In the 11th year of Zhizheng (1351), that is, the second year after the last currency reform in the Yuan Dynasty, leaders of the Red Scarf Army such as Liu Futong, Han Lin'er, and Xu Shouhui began large-scale riots in Yingzhou, Xuzhou, and Huguang."

"Afterwards, Guo Zixing, His Majesty, Zhang Shicheng, Chen Youliang and others successively ruled the roost in succession (from Zhao's)."

"In the end, the Yuan Dynasty was finally destroyed by His Majesty and other rebels under the superimposed effect of the above-mentioned series of chain reactions."

"If the Yuan Dynasty did not implement the system of banknotes and banknotes, then even if the Yuan Dynasty perished, it would not have perished within a hundred years."

"With the implementation of the banknote and banknote system, as long as the court is willing, through the extremely simple and massive issuance of banknotes, it will be able to collect the wealth of tens of thousands of people in the world!!!"

"Simply squeezed out the money that took two to three hundred years to squeeze from the people in the past dynasties, and squeezed it out in just a few decades."

"And when all the money on the common people has been squeezed out, and they can no longer survive, then naturally it will be the time when tens of thousands of common people rise up to overthrow the imperial court."

Yan Changqing put down the charcoal pen in his hand, turned around and looked down at Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, and the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Yu, Zhu Yan, Zhu Di and other princes, and concluded calmly.

......

PS1: The new book is on the shelves, and we urgently need full orders and customizations from handsome guys, beauties, and bosses!I wish all the full-book and self-order bigwigs get rich overnight, good health, good luck and good luck!Thank you everyone!Kneel down to everyone! .

Chapter 164: Ninth Five-Year Supreme, the Manchu civil and military way of governing the country?I bother! 【Please subscribe, please order】

Underneath, whether it was Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, or the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Xi, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes, they all looked shocked when they saw the densely packed blackboard writing on the left side of Yan Changqing's back.

The panel on the left can be said to be the reason why the Yuan Dynasty chose the treasure banknote system and the process of issuing treasure banknotes.

Including Baochao from stability to chaos, and then from chaos to complete collapse, and the various changes and influences brought about by it.

All are connected up and down with a tree-like time bearing, which makes it clear and clear at a glance.

Then stand at a height of overview of the overall situation, to thoroughly understand the treasure banknote system of the Yuan Dynasty.

It can be said that just looking at this tree-shaped timeline chart is enough to have a clear understanding of the treasure banknote system issued by the Yuan Dynasty for nearly a hundred years.

And such a tree-like timeline chart, if it is not for the in-depth research on the treasure banknote system of the Yuan Dynasty, it would be impossible to write it.

Yan Changqing stood still for a moment, letting Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Yu, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes digest and absorb the whole story of the issuance of the Yuan Dynasty's treasure banknote system.

After a while, Yan Changqing picked up the charcoal again, stood sideways on the rice paper board on the right side, then turned to look at Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, and the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Yu, Zhu Yan, Zhu Di and other princes and said in a calm tone :

"You should have a general understanding of the whole history of the issuance of Yuan Dynasty treasure banknotes for nearly a hundred years."

"Now, let's compare the treasure banknote system of the Yuan Dynasty and the treasure banknote system of the Ming Dynasty. This will help you better understand how the banknote system of the Ming Dynasty is."

After finishing speaking, Yan Changqing didn't care what Zhu Yuanzhang's reaction was, and began to compare them one by one with the Yuan Dynasty treasure banknote system 470 on the left. While comparing the writing on the blackboard, he said:

"The first is the experience of issuing treasure notes!"

"Before the official nationwide unified issuance of treasure banknotes, the Yuan Dynasty itself had experience in issuing some treasure banknotes."

"After that, I fully experienced and understood the inflationary consequences caused by the wanton issuance of precious banknotes at the end of the Golden Kingdom."