Rebirth of Northern Technology

Let's talk about the semiconductor industry.

The 909 project landed in Shanghai. Using it as a starting point, Shanghai developed into China's integrated circuit industry center.

Project 909, to a certain extent, was pretty good. When the project was completed in 1999, its technology almost reached 0.24-0.35 microns, and at this time the most advanced level in the world was only 0.18 microns.

In other words, the 909 project has narrowed the technological gap between China and the world to the first generation, about 2 to 3 years.

But this gap has widened to 3-4 generations in 2019. The time has stretched to more than 10 years! If you look at the lithography machine alone, this gap has widened to the 7th generation. China has not been able to produce 28nm lithography machines so far, and the most advanced lithography machine in the world has reached 5nm.

Judging from this result, this decision can't be considered a success!

All the funds that the state can give are given, and all the policies that can be given are given. The total investment of the 909 project exceeds 10 billion, which is five times that of the 908 project!

In this case, if you can't do it well, you can only find the reason from yourself.

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So, what was the reason for the failure of 909 project?

The following is a summary of various post-mortems.

The first one was that Shanghai was actually not the best place to engage in the semiconductor industry at that time. At least Xi'an, Chengdu, and the three eastern provinces have better foundations than Shanghai. As mentioned earlier, the lack of suitable industrial workers is one of the concrete manifestations.

Without the support of the industrial chain, the 909 project is just a solitary fab.

In order to solve the problem of the industrial chain, since 2002, Shanghai has spent more than ten years rebuilding the semiconductor industry cluster by introducing the power of returnees.

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Second, Shanghai's thinking in developing semiconductor technology has always been commercial operation and market operation.

The idea of ​​market-oriented operation has indeed achieved good results in the short term. For example, the introduction of SMIC.

But too much reliance on the introduction of technology, whether it is the team, personnel, or equipment, the idea that it is better to buy is rampant. Due to the generation gap between domestic semiconductor equipment manufacturers and foreign technology, these semiconductor equipment manufacturers have basically been abandoned.

This is also the reason why people in the semiconductor equipment industry have a deep grievance against 909.

There is an argument in later generations. Although 908 failed, it at least cultivated talents for the semiconductor industry and preserved its vitality. As for the 909 project, the country spent tens of billions of dollars to build a branch factory for NEC.

Because the 909 project sucked away all the country's investment in the semiconductor industry, the semiconductor equipment industry entered the most difficult period.

The semiconductor equipment manufacturers active in the market in later generations were basically re-established after 2002.

What kind of cruel facts does this represent?

The road of marketization, after SMIC's development encountered obstacles, could not go on.

This is exactly the same as the fate of the McDonnell Douglas aircraft project.

After 9/11, the international situation facing China is unprecedentedly good. But China's semiconductor industry has faced a lost decade for the second time.

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Third, real estate prices have risen.

This argument was put forward by some people involved in the 909 project.

As a result of the large-scale real estate development that began in 2003, Shanghai's housing prices have risen, which has created a crowding-out effect on the real economy. Those who make chips have gone to engage in real estate.

This view is a bit nonsensical, but obviously, if 909 is placed in the mainland, this problem will certainly not arise.

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Fourth, there is a lack of leaders.

This is a kind of resignation thinking. With this kind of thinking, only the reborn can help Shanghai succeed. Otherwise, who knows which person is capable and which is not.

Among the several general managers of SMIC, which one is not capable?

The Minister of Electrical Engineering, isn't he a capable person?

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Fifth, complain that the country's investment in the semiconductor industry has not been sustained.

This view is incredible. Because what they believe is market orientation.

First of all, the bankrupt investment such as the 909 Project cannot be sustained at all.

Secondly, based on market-oriented thinking, the investment in the 909 project did not benefit the domestic semiconductor equipment industry.

To give a simple example, Microelectronics, also in Shanghai, took out a 90nm lithography machine in 2007, but after that, it couldn't make any progress because no one bought it.

In other words, according to the thinking of the 909 project, no matter how much the country invests in the semiconductor industry, it cannot get rid of the problem of being restricted by others. The most likely result is one NEC branch after another.

The 909 project was a huge success for Shanghai. But for China's semiconductor industry, that may not be the case.

In recent years, what the country has done is a reflection on marketization. The 01 and 02 special projects are the embodiment of the national will, and the national scientific research forces are coordinated.

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Of course, it cannot be said that the three provinces of the Northeast have no responsibility. At least, Chengdu and Xi'an have also developed into important semiconductor packaging and manufacturing bases in later generations.

In Chuncheng, the Department of Semiconductors, the School of Posts and Telecommunications, the School of Optics and Mechanics, and the Institute of Optics and Mechanics were so good that they could not do anything.

To some extent, it is both fortunate and unfortunate for the automobile factory to be in Spring City.

The focus of the strategy of revitalizing the three provinces in later generations has always been on the integration of Northeast Asia. Hope to use the advantage of the land plot to revitalize the three provinces in Northeast China.

But relying on the ideas developed by others has problems:

1. To undertake industrial transfer from South Korea and Japan, coastal areas have more advantages. The cost of sea transportation is much lower than that of straight land transportation.

2. To undertake the backward industries transferred from the two countries, it is inevitable that the cost factor will become the main consideration.

The three eastern provinces are a deeply urbanized area, lacking such low-cost labor as migrant workers. In addition, climatic factors will also lead to a loss when competing for costs.

3. The economic situation of Russia and North Korea.

It's not bad if they don't drag down the three provinces.

4. Traffic conditions.

With the improvement of domestic transportation conditions, the geographical advantage brought by the border with Russia will become less and less obvious in the proportion of commodity costs.

Relying on tourism, trade is not a problem, but there is no suitable direction for industrial upgrading, and revitalization is empty talk.

Relying on the concept of Northeast Asia to rejuvenate the three provinces in the Northeast is purely a scourge of money.

Heavy industry is a dual-intensive industry of capital and technology. No other industries, such as light industry, textile industry, food industry, etc., are sufficient to bear this responsibility.

If there are any suggestions, it is recommended that the three northeastern provinces refer to the development routes of the Nordic countries such as Sweden and Denmark. Taking advantage of the opportunity that the number of colleges and universities per capita in the three eastern provinces is far greater than that of the whole country, we will give full play to the role of colleges and universities and thoroughly develop high technology.

This may be the last chance for the three provinces of the Northeast. Otherwise, after Lin Dadu left the south, the three eastern provinces really only have resources left.

Dalin University’s thinking was to throw a group of high-quality schools such as the Forestry University of Technology as a burden to the University of Forestry, but actually to the Ministry of Education.

This kind of thinking of taking college as a burden has not changed even in later generations.

The news that Lin Da's capital insolvency is not only the misfortune of Lin Da, but also the misfortune of the three provinces in the Northeast.

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The most significant significance of the emergence of optoelectronics is that it has brought an opportunity for industrial upgrading to the three provinces of Northeast China. An opportunity to transform from military heavy industry to semiconductor industry.

The Semiconductor Department of Lin University was established very early, but the three provinces in the Northeast were waiting for a fab. In addition, Lin University’s nature as a university of science also makes it difficult for the semiconductor department to benefit from the industrialization of science and technology.

Therefore, the role of optoelectronics to Lin University and the three provinces of Northeast China is self-evident. Rebirth of Northland Technology latest chapter address: https://www.wuxiaspot.com/book/128175.htmlRebirth of Northern Science and Technology Full Text Reading Address: https://www.wuxiaspot.com/read/128175/Rebirth of Northland Technology txt download address: https://www.wuxiaspot.com/down/128175.htmlRebirth of Northland Technology Mobile Reading: https://m.wuxiaspot.com/read/128175/For the convenience of reading next time, you can click "Favorites" below to record this reading (Chapter 530 Project 908 (4)), and open the bookshelf next time You can see it! If you like "Rebirth of Northland Technology", please recommend this book to your friends (QQ, blog, WeChat, etc.), Thank you for your support! ! (www.wuxiaspot.com)