Stone Era: Restarting Civilization

According to Amber's description, her sister Liuli suffered from a disease since she was a child. She coughed continuously every day, and when it was severe, she would cough up blood.

Pan Changgong also read some medical books, and according to Amber, it sounded like pneumonia.

However, any inflammatory disease can be treated with penicillin.

In modern society, penicillin that can be bought in pharmacies can be seen everywhere, but in this primitive era, it is not so easy to deal with.

Pan Changgong actually knew how to make penicillin, but he didn't prepare it himself.

His physical fitness has always been very good. After the radiation, his physical fitness has become stronger and stronger. He has not been sick for a thousand years, and the resurrected subordinates are also healthy.

Looking at the anxious Amber in front of him, Pan Changgong thought for a while and agreed to help Amber try to treat his sister.

Anyway, penicillin will have to be produced sooner or later, and if it is useless now, it does not mean that it will be useless in the future.

Amber was overjoyed when she heard that Pan Changgong agreed: "Thank you, Mr. Pan, I really like you the most."

After saying this, Amber blushed and ran away.

The corners of Pan Changgong's mouth raised slightly, and he looked at Amber's back with a playful smile on his face.

Penicillin can be extracted from living things as well as from stones.

The chemical name of penicillin in medicine is called sulfa drug.

Penicillin is produced by a bacterium called Penicillium,

If you want to make penicillin, you need a very complicated chemical synthesis, and you need another prop, that is glass. Making a beaker out of glass is a must for chemical experiments.

In the past, Pan Changgong collected a lot of these things in the school laboratory for experiments, but with the passage of time, they are useless now, and the glass must be remade.

Glass is made from purified silica, which, to put it bluntly, is the result of melting sand.

This stuff was invented in Mesopotamia in 3000 BC.

At that time, a local resident of Mesopotamia discovered a kind of transparent glass with intricate shapes in the desert, like plant roots.

After research, it was found that these transparent glasses were all made of lightning hitting the sand on the desert, and the high temperature instantly melted the sand and turned it into glass.

Although it is said that sand is melted at high temperature, there are many operational skills in it. If you throw sand directly into the fire, there will be no other reaction except to extinguish the fire. The melting point of sand is very high, at least 1600 degrees Celsius.

None of Pan Changgong's makeshift clay furnaces could support such high temperatures.

However, there is an easier way to build a new furnace without going through a lot of trouble.

It is to lower the melting point of the sand to the temperature that the current furnace can reach. How to lower the melting point of the sand?

This requires a suitable solvent, and soda is a good choice.

In addition, the sand used to make glass is also very particular. If you want to make pure and transparent glass like crystal, you must choose unpolluted white sand.

It happened that the sand on the coastal beach near Gang Jing was white sand.

To make soda, you need salt, limestone sulfate, and charcoal, etc. Pan Changgong happens to have them around.

Let the salt and sulfuric acid react first, and then mix the reaction product with crushed limestone and charcoal.

Put them together in the oven and bake them at a temperature of at least 1,000 degrees Celsius, which happens to be the highest temperature that Pan Changgong's makeshift furnace can reach.

Seeing that Pan Changgong was busy, Ishigami Senkuu and the people around came over curiously.

"Pan Changgong, you are not making soda, are you?" Ishigami Senkuu glanced at the several materials that were thrown into the furnace, and said.

Pan Changgong gave him a look of surprise, Ishigami Senkuu really has a solid knowledge of chemistry.

"Yes, I intend to make glass."

Ishigami Senkuu: "That's how it is. After adding sodium carbonate extracted from the ashes of seaweed, we can make soda smoothly."

Pan Changgong: "No, soda can be produced by adding sodium carbonate, but it is too inefficient and will generate toxic waste during the reaction. I plan to adopt the ammonia-alkali method"

"What? Is there such a method?" Ishigami Senkuu was shocked. Although he knew a lot of chemistry knowledge, he was only a high school student after all. There is not enough time for him to develop, and it is inevitable that there will be some knowledge that has not been seen.

The women around listened to the conversation between the two, and their faces were confused. Although they are all modern people, most of them have attended school because of compulsory education, but theory and practical operation are fundamentally two different things, but everyone is Ishigami Senkuu.

After being baked in the furnace for more than ten minutes, the salt, sulfuric acid and charcoal limestone turned into a black-gray mixture.

Pan Changgong took it out, and then used what he called the ammonia-alkali method to prepare soda. Ishigami Senkuu on the side watched carefully with wide-eyed eyes, and gave out admiration from time to time.

After successfully making the soda crystals, Pan Changgong mixed the sand collected from the seaside with the soda crystals, and then threw them into the burning furnace again.

The soda produces a chemical reaction at high temperature, the sodium carbonate inside is decomposed, and the decomposed sodium carbonate is absorbed by the sand again.

In this way, the melting point of the sand is lowered.

Once the melting point is lowered, the sand begins to dissolve, forming a bubbling, translucent Red mixture.

Those bubbles are actually carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen generated by the chemical reaction between sand and flames. These reactive gases must be completely exhausted to produce qualified glass.

Ishigami Senkuu stood on the sidelines, watching carefully without saying a word. He knows how to make glass, but there are many ways to make glass.

Ishigami Senkuu didn't actually know how Pan Changgong made glass.

If it was Ishigami Senkuu, he would collect the sand on weathered granite ground, or pry open granite, and the sand formed by weathered granite is all silica sand that can make transparent glass. looking for sand on the beach.

Then put the sand in the fire and add ground shells, that is, calcium carbonate, and finally add galena to make qualified glass.

However, Ishigami Senkuu has to admit that his method of making glass is a bit more complicated and not very efficient.

On Pan Changgong's side, although glass has been formed in the furnace now, such glass cannot be used because it will dissolve in water, and it must undergo another step of treatment before it can become commonly used waterproof glass.

Ishigami Senkuu wanted to see what Pan Changgong would do next.

Naturally, Pan Changgong knew that when the bubbles in the glass were almost gone, he grabbed a handful of quicklime and sprinkled it in. The quicklime's function was only to make the glass insoluble in water.

In this way, the glass is considered complete, and Pan Changgong pours part of the completed glass into the wooden mold that has already been made.

The beaker has a simple structure and can be mass-produced directly with a mould.

But there are some shapes of glass with complex structures, and the mold is competent, so it needs to be blown.

Although Pan Changgong didn't think it was necessary before, how to make glass?

But the actual blowing is not difficult. During thousands of years of living alone, Pan Changgong has to do everything by himself, and his hands-on ability has become very strong. Except for the two blowing failures at the beginning, he summed up the experience and it is very easy. I quickly found the hand feeling and successfully produced various modern experimental glassware.

Ishigami Senkuu on the side looked at the glassware being produced one by one, his eyes glowed, and he said excitedly and incoherently: "Pan Zhang, no, Master Pan, can you give me some of these glassware?"

Ishigami Senkuu is a genius who loves science and is obsessed with experiments. Right now, due to environmental constraints, he cannot continue to operate its scientific experiments. If this glassware can be given to himself, he can do some scientific experiments.

"No problem" Pan Changgong didn't mind, he could make as much glass as he wanted.

"By the way, Pan Changgong, what are you making these beaker glasses for? Do you want to conduct a scientific experiment?"

Holding a large pile of glass in his arms, Ishigami Senkuu calmed down and asked strangely.

"Amber's sister seems to have pneumonia, and I want to make penicillin."

Penicillin is extremely common in modern society, and all the women watching around know the effect of penicillin, and they all looked at Pan Changgong with shock or admiration at the moment.

After hearing this, Ishigami Senkuu didn't show any shock, but a nervous look on his face. Pan Changgong is not weaker than himself, and he can make penicillin himself, so I am not shocked. The reason why I am nervous is precisely because Pan Changgong is too invulnerable. It is simply a combination of myself and Shishio Tsukasa, no, even if combined , in terms of force and mind, is still weaker than Pan Changgong.

Ishigami Senkuu glanced at Shishio Tsukasa who was working hard in the blacksmith shop in the distance, and sighed in his heart: "Can I still get out of here?"

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